1、中考英语教材一本通 八下 Unit 78 八年级下册Units 78 类别 新课标要求 重点词汇拓展 1.tour(v.)tourist (n.)旅行者;观光者 2.protect(v.)protection (n.)保护;保卫 3.achieve(v.)achievement (n.) 成就;成绩 4.thick(adj.)thin(反义词 adj.) 薄的;淡的 5.include (v.)including(prep.) 包括在内 6.succeed(v.)success (n.)成功successful(adj.) 成功的successfully(adv.) 成功地 7.keep(v.
2、) keeper (n.) 饲养员;保管人 8.excite(v.)excited(adj.)兴奋的;激动的 excitement (n.) 激动;兴奋 exciting (adj.)令人激动的 excited (adj.)激动的 9.south(n.)southern(adj.) 南方的 10.introduce(v.)introduction (n.) 介绍;说明 11.nature(n.) natural (adj.)自然的 12.weigh(v.) weight (n.)重量 13.birth(n.) birthday (n.)生日 bear (v.)出生 born (过去分词)出生
3、14.awake(adj.) wake (v.)醒来 sleep (v.)睡觉 asleep (adj.)睡着的 sleepy (adj.)困倦的 15.illness(n.) ill (adj.)生病的 16.remaining(adj.) remain (v.)保留;剩余 17.laugh(v.) laughter (n.)笑声 18.beauty(n.) beautiful (adj.)美丽的 19.success(n.) successful (adj.)成功的 succeed (v.)成功 重点短语记忆 1.the highest mountain 最高的山 2.in the wor
4、ld 全世界 3.as big as 和一样大 4.as far as I know 就我所知 5.take in 吸入;吞入(体内) 6.in the face of 面对(问题、困难等) 7.achieve ones dream 实现梦想 8.even though 即使;虽然 9.at birth 出生时 10.live up to 活到 11.walk into 走路时撞着 12.fall over 绊倒 13.be full of 满是的 14.hurry up 赶快;急忙(做某事) 15.run towards 朝跑 16.be interested in 对感兴趣 17.coun
5、try music 乡村音乐 18.ever since 自从 19.one another 互相 20. feel free 随便(做某事) 21. up to到达(某数量、程度) 22. or so 大约 23. die from 因而死 24. science fiction 科幻小说 25. belong to 属于 26.cut down 砍倒 27.at the end of 在结尾;在末端 重点句型整理 1.Whats the highest mountain in the world? 世界上最高的山是什么? 2.Qomolangma is higher than any ot
6、her mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高。 3.China has the biggest population in the world. 中国有世界上最多的人口。 4.Have you read Little Women yet? 你读过小妇人了吗? Yes,I have./No, I havent. 读过。/不,没读过。 5.Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?蒂娜读过金银岛吗? Yes, she has. She thinks its fantastic. 是的,读过。她认为这本书太棒了。 6.This
7、elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这头大象比这只大熊猫重许多倍。 4.The babies often die from illness and do not live very long.这些幼崽经常死于疾病并且活不了很长时间。 5. Who else is on my island?我的岛上还有其他什么人? 6.How long have they been here?他们在这里多久了? 7.One of them died but the other ran towards my house.其中一个人死了,但另外一个人跑向了
8、我的房子。 8. Listening to The Toms is a good way to wake up.听汤姆乐队的音乐是醒来的一个好方法。 9.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.她逐渐意识到,事实上她是多么想念他们所有人。 10.Garth is one of the most successful musicians in American history. 加思是美国历史上最成功的音乐家之一。 【常考词汇】 1.include 【知识点睛】include 作动词,意为“包括;包含”。 incl
9、uding 作介词,意为“包括;包括在内”,它和其后的名词、代词一起构成介宾短语。 included 作形容词,意为“包括的;包含在内的”,常作后置定语。 The price includes both your shirt and your trousers.这个价格包含了你的衬衫和裤子。 There are 50 students in my class,including me.包括我在内我们班有 50 名学生。 There are 50 students in my class,me included.包括我在内我们班有 50 名学生。 【即时演练】1)Twenty people we
10、nt to his house for his birthday party,_A_ me. Aincluding Binclude Cincluded Dto include 2.remaining 【知识点睛】remaining 形容词,意为“留下的;剩余的;其余的”,仅用于名词前作定语。 remain 动词,意为“遗留;剩余;留下;剩下”。 The few remaining guests were in the kitchen.留下没走的几位客人都在厨房里。 This place remains very cool all summer.这个地方整个夏天都很凉爽。 【即时演练】1)Th
11、e lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _D_ A20 dollars remained B20 dollars to remain Cremained 20 dollars Dremaining 20 dollars 3.belong to 【知识点睛】belong to 意为“属于;归所有”,其中 belong 属于不及物动词,常与介词 to 连用。后接代词作宾语时,要用宾格形式(不可用物主代词);后接名词时,也不能用所有格。belong to sb.be ones“属于某人的”,ones 是物主代词,也可用名词
12、所有格形式。 The bicycle belongs to Amy.The bicycle is Amys.这辆自行车是埃米的。 【即时演练】1)The book belongs to me.(同义句转换) The book _is_ _mine_ 2)Are these books _? No,they are not mine.They belong to _B_ Ayour;her Byours;her Cyou;hers Dyours;she 【妙解异同】belong to与havebelong to意为属于,而have意为“拥有”;belong to 是物作主语,强调某物属于某人,h
13、ave 是人作主语,强调某人拥有某物;belong to 不用于进行时,也没有被动语态。eg: The new bike belongs to Mary.这辆新自行车是玛丽的。Mary has a new bike.玛丽有一辆新自行车。 【即时演练】The French book must .Shes the only one whos studying French.(2013,黄冈) Abelong to Li Yings Bbelong to Li Ying Cbelong Li Yings Dbelong Li Ying 解析:句意“这本法语书一定是李英的。她是唯一学习法语的人。”mu
14、st be sbs 相当于 must belong to sb.故选 B。 4. succeed v实现目标,成功 【知识点睛】 succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做成某事”。 He succeeded in getting top marks in chemistry.他成功拿到了化学课的最高分。 successful adj. 成功的; successfully adv.成功地; success n. 成功 【常考句型 易错辨析】 1The Sahara is about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size. 撒哈拉沙漠大约 960 万
15、平方千米。(Unit 7) 【知识点睛】 (1)square 不可数名词,意为“平方”。 The old city covers an area of about 326 square kilometers. 这个古老的城市面积大约是 326 平方千米。 (2)英语中表示长度、宽度、高度、深度或重量等可用句型“sth./sb.be数词单位长/宽/高/深/重”。对数词进行提问要用句型“How长/宽/高/深/重?” How wide is your room?你的房间有多宽? 【归纳拓展】 英语中长、宽、高的表达方式有两种结构: (1) “数词量词(复数)long/wide/high.”结构,它可
16、作表语,也可作后置定语; (2)“数词量词(单数)long/wide/high.”结构,中间为连字符,常用作前置定语。 This is a 200-meter-long river and that river is 400 meters long.这是条 200 米长的河,而那条河长 400 米。 【即时演练】How amazing the noodle is!Yes,it is. and breaks the Guinness World Record as the longest handmade noodle. A1,704-meter-long B1,704-meters-long
17、C1,704 meter long D1,704 meters long 解析:D。英语中表示物体的长度用“基数词名词形容词”。故选 D。 2.This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这只大象比这只熊猫重好多倍。 用形容词表达甲是乙的几倍时,有以下三个句型:倍数形容词/副词比较级than 倍数as形容词/副词as 倍数the size/height/weight/length.of 用名词表示,“量”的倍数时,有以下两个句型: 倍数more名词than 倍数as many/much名词其他as This hall is four
18、 times bigger than my classroom.这个大厅比我们的教室大四倍。 Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。 The hill is four times the height of that small one.这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。 There are four times more books in our library than in yours.我们图书馆的藏书数量比你们图书馆的多四倍。 There is three times as much water in this cup as i
19、n that one.这个杯子里的水是那个杯子里的三倍。 【即时演练】1)We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen _B_ we speak. Aas twice much as Btwice as much as Cas much as twice Das much twice as 3.Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何山峰都高。 【知识点睛】“比较级 than any other单数可数名词”意为“比其他任何 都”,此
20、结构虽然是比较级,但表示最高级含义。 He studies harder than any other student in his class.他在班上学习最用功。若比较的双方不在同一范围内,则不加 other。 Hawaii is more beautiful than any beach in Africa. 夏威夷比非洲的任何海滩都要美丽。(Hawaii 不在非洲,故 any 后不加 other。) 【即时演练】Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world. That is, it is larger
21、than _ country in Asia. Aany Bany other Cother Danother 解析:Canada 不在亚洲的范围内,any 后不加 other,故选 A。 4.Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗? 【知识点睛】“one of the形容词的最高级可数名词的复数形式”表示“最之一”。 The computer is one of the most useful inventions in the world.电脑是世界上最有用
22、的发明之一。 “one of复数可数名词或代词”意为“中的一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 One of the sisters is a doctor.那些姐妹中有一个是医生。 【即时演练】Ive heard that Zhuhai Chimelong Ocean Kingdom is one of _D_ ocean parks in Asia. Avery large Bthe larger Cmuch larger Dthe largest 5.China has the biggest population in the world. 中国有世界上最多的人口。(Unit 7)
23、【知识点睛】 (1)population 是集合名词,指人口总数,常与定冠词 the 连用,作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,如果表示个体概念,被分数或百分数修饰时,谓语动词用复数。 (2)指人口“多”或“少”时,一般用 large 或 small 来表示,而不用 many 或 few。 (3)有时 population 可用作可数名词,其前面可用不定冠词。New York is a big city with a population of over 10 million.纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。 表示某国、某城市有多少人口时,要与 of 连用。其句式有两种:The populat
24、ion of某国(某城市)is.,某国(某城市)has a population of.。有时,表达“有多少人口的城市” 时,用 a city with a population of.。 (4)提问“有多少人口”时用 what 或 how large,而不用 how many 或 how much。询问人口多少的常用句型:What is the population of.? Eighty percent of the population of China are peasants.中国百分之八十的人是农民。 The country has a large population.那个国家人
25、口众多。 The population of the village is about 4,000.The village has a population of about 4,000. 这个村庄大约有 4 000 人。 What/How large is the population of Beijing?北京有多少人口? 温馨提示:many/few 可修饰 people。how many people 意为“多少人”。 What is the population of Hangzhou?How many people are there in Hangzhou?杭州有多少人? 【即时演
26、练】1)Which city has _D_ population,Shanghai,Hong Kong or Qingdao? Shanghai,of course. Athe smallest Bthe least Cthe most Dthe largest 2)The worlds population is growing _ and there is _ land and water for growing rice. Amore; less Blarger; fewer Clarger; less Dmore; fewer 解析:指人口多用 large 或 big,排除 A 和
27、D。land 是不可数名词,用 less 修饰,故选C。 6.Feel free to ask me anything on todays Great Wall tour. 在今天的长城游中,大家尽管问我任何问题,不要拘束。(Unit 7) 【知识点睛】 feel free 为固定短语,表示“(可以)随便(做某事)”,是英语口语中常见的表达方式。“随便做某事”为 feel free to do sth.。 Feel free to eat dinner here anytime. 你随时都可以来这儿吃晚餐。 I love my job, and I feel free. 我爱我的工作,我觉得我
28、自由自在。 7.The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 主要的原因是保护他们国家的地区。(Unit 7) 【知识点睛】 protect 及物动词,意为“保护;防护”。 Teenagers should learn how to protect themselves. 青少年应该学会如何保护自己。 【归纳拓展】 protect 的常用短语 (1)protect. from sth. 保护免受 The sheep jammed together to protect from the cold.这些绵羊为了御寒紧紧地挤在一
29、起。 (2)protect. against 保护反对 The vaccine was used to protect the whole population against infection. 这种疫苗用以全体居民预防传染病。 【即时演练】1)To _A_ nature is to help ourselves,or we will be punished. Aprotect Bprevent Cprovide Dpollute 8.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to a
30、chieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们表明:我们绝不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试。(Unit 7) 【知识点睛】 (1)give up 固定短语,意为“放弃”,后跟名词、代词、动词-ing 形式。 The doctor says her father should give up smoking.医生说她父亲应该戒烟。 (2)achieve our dreams 意为“实现我们的梦想”。 【妙辨异同】 achieve 与 come true achieve 及物动词 主语一般是 sb. 宾语一般是 dreams/plans 等 come true 不及物动词短语 主语一般是
31、dreams/predictions/plans 等 Whatever you do,just dont give up.Your dream will come true.Whatever you do,just dont give up.You will achieve your dream.无论你做什么,只要不放弃,你的梦想就会实现。 9.Who else is on my island?还有谁在我的岛上?(Unit 8) 【知识点睛】 else adj. 意为“别的;其他的”。常用在疑问代词、不定代词之后。 Who else did you see?你还看见谁了? I want some
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