1、新概念第一册英语语法指南疑问句新概念第一册英语语法指南:疑问句一般疑问句一般疑问句是疑问句的一种。它是指用yes(是)或no(否)来回答的句子。结构:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分通常回答为:肯定:Yes,+主语+提问的助动词.否定:No,+主语+提问的助动词+not.如: Are you from JapanYes I am./No Im not.Is her sister doing her homework nowYes she is./No she isnt.Does he work in a bankYes he does./No he doesnt.Do you li
2、ve near your schoolYes I do./No I dont.Can you speak FrenchYes I can./No I cant.May I go home nowYes you may./No you mustnt.注意:1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am/ is/ are)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:Im in Class 2Grade1. Are you in Class 2Grade 1Were watching TV. Are you watching TV2.陈述句中有情态动词(can may
3、must )时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:He can swim now.Can he swim nowThe children may come with us.May the children come with us3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如:I like these animals.Do you like these animalsShe wants to go to the movies.Does she want to go to the movies4.一般疑
4、问句一般读升调()5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如:Are they in town nowI think so.May I sit hereCertainly.Does he like soccerSorry I dont know.6. 一般疑问句的单词总是虚词,读的时候要读轻声。特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子。常用的疑问词有:what who whose which when where how why等。可先分为3种:疑问代词:what,who,which,whose,whom疑问副词:when,where,why,how疑问形容词:wh
5、at(which,whose)+名词特殊疑问句有两种语序1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分。如:Who is singing in the roomwhose bike is broken2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序?如:What class are you inWhat does she look likeWhere are you fromWhat time does he get up every morningHow do you know注意:1.回答特殊疑
6、问句时,不能用yes / no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:Who is from CanadaHelen (is).Wheres the restaurantNear the station.Why do you like koalasBecause they are cute.2.特殊疑问句一般读降调()。特殊疑问词Who谁Whose谁的(加se)Why为什么When什么时候Where在哪里Which哪一个What什么 ( What time什么时间 What colour什么颜色)How怎么样How many多少数量How much多少钱价格,多少(对不可数名词进行提问)How
7、long多长How often多少次How big多大How heavy多重重量How far多远路程选择疑问句选择疑问句:是指提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择的句式一种是以一般疑问句的结构形式为基础,只是在语调上有所区别。例如:Would you like coffee or tea?这一类选择疑问句通常都是在前一个供选择的答案用低升调,后一个用降调;如果有两个以上供选择的答案,则在最后一个用降调,其余都用低升调。例如:Would you like a gin,or a whisky,or a beer?你是要喝杜松子酒,还是威士忌酒,还是啤酒?这种语调上的特征往往是区别选择疑问句和一
8、般疑问句的重要标志。试比较:Shall we leave at six or seven?我们是 6 点动身还是 7点动身?Shall we leave at six or seven?我们在6,7点钟动身好吗?上述例是选择疑问句,其答案只能是两者之一。We shall leave at six/seven.我们将在6点/7点动身。上述第二例是一般疑问句,它的答案只是 yes/no,而且并不肯定是6点或7点,甚至可能既不是6点,也不是7点:Yes,we shall leave at six or seven.是的,我们将在 6, 7点钟动身。No.We must leave earlier.不。我们必须早点动身。另一种选择疑问句是以特殊疑问句的结构形式为基础的,也是在语调上有所区别。例如:Which vase shall I use, the short one or the tall one ?The tall one. 在选择疑问句中的冠词用法。Is she a housewife or a nurse?(她是一个家庭主妇还是护士?)其中,or后的不定冠词a/an 不能省略。
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