初中英语语法知识总结.docx

1、初中英语语法知识总结英语作文常用谚语、俗语1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。 2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，自欺欺人。 3、All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。 4、All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 6、A bad beginning makes a ba

2、d ending. 不善始者不善终。 7、Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 8、A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。 9、A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 10、A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难，失朋友易。 11、A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。 12、A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。 13、A

3、 good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友。 14、A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。 15、A mothers love never changes. 母爱永恒。 16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，不用请医生。 17、A single flower does not make a spring. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。 18、A years plan starts with spring. 一年之计在于春。 19、A young idler, an old b

4、eggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 20、Better late than never. 不怕慢，单怕站。 21、By reading we enrich the mind.读书使人充实，22、Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。 23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 自信是走向成功的第一步。 24、Custom is a second nature. 习惯是后天养成的。 25、Custom makes all things easy. 有个好

5、习惯，事事皆不难。 26、Doing is better than saying. 与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。 27、Do nothing by halves. 凡事不可半途而废。 28、Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事，今日毕。 29、Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。 30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起身体好

6、。 31、Easier said than done. 说得容易，做得难。32、Easy come, easy go. 来也匆匆，去也匆匆。 33、Eat to live, but not live to eat. 人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。 34、Every man has his faults. 金无足赤，人无完人。 35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune. 自己的命运自己掌握。 36、Every minute counts. 分秒必争。37、Each coin has two sides. 38、Fact speak

7、louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 39、Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 40、God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。41、Health is better than wealth. 健康胜过财富。 42、Honesty is the best policy. 做人诚信为本。 43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。 44、It is never too old to learn. 活到老，

8、学到老。 45、Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量46、Like mother, like daughter. 有其母必有其女。 47、No pain， no gain.（不劳无获。）48、You never know till you have tried. 不尝试，不知晓。49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。50、Diligence is the mother of success.勤奋是成功之母。51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and

9、 wise. 早睡早起，使人健康、富裕和聪颖。52、Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师。53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set your mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。54、Where theres a will, theres a way. 有志者事竟成。55、Practice makes perfect （熟能生巧。）56、Pride goes before a fall（骄傲必败。）Superstar and IIts common that many students

10、are crazy about those singers and actors. However, liyundi, a pianist, is the superstar in my heart. He is a man of few words and he even looks like the greatest pianistChopin. When listening to his music , I can get rid of everything noisy around. Whats more, I can feel his strong love for music. R

11、ome wasnt built in one day. He achieved the great success through huge effort. I can learn from him that we should never give up to realize our dreams.Superstar and IHer name first appeared as a joke then like a wonder. She is Susan Boyle, the superstar in my heart. Although shes not beautiful, her

12、voice and spirit moved all the audience, including me. The song I dreamed a dream that she sang touched everyones heart who had a dream and wanted to realize it. She taught me how to go on my dreams as well as never to give up. She is like a sunshine that gives me hope. Where there is a will, there

13、is a way.答：下面是初中英语语法总结，你可参考学习，或许有不全面的地方，欢迎你有不懂的问题再具体提问。另外，我个人认为猜题对于提高考试成绩没有多大作用和意义，并不可取，建议你进行全面复习，打下扎实的基础知识，以不变应万变。顺祝复习顺利!语法总复习第一节 名词与代词 名词可分为专有名词和普通名词两类。而普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。其中，个体名词和集体名词为可数名词，而物质名词和抽象名词为不可数名词。名词的复数构成通常是在其后加s；但以-s，-x，-ch，-sh和大部分以o结尾的名词后加-es；以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词把“y”变成 “i”，再加-es。有些名

14、词的复数构成是不规则的，有其特殊形式。有些名词在不同的情况下，属不同的名词词类，因此有时为可数，有时则为不可数： 名词的格可分为主格(作主语)，宾格(作宾语)和所有格(表示所有关系)。代词可分为人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，相互代词，不定代词，指示代词，关系代词，连接代词和疑问代词等九类。 名词的用法 可数名词除非前面有冠词或表示单数的限定词，否则要用其复数形式，例如：If a person disobeys the order，he will be punished severelyThe teacher firstly divided his students into four grou

15、psThe reference book can be used to answer questions，to solve problems or to obtain information on a particular topicThese courses are especially designed for senior students有些名词的复数构成是不规则的，如：child-children，foot-feet。goose-geese, mouse-mice, man-men, ox-oxen, tooth-teeth，woman-women等。例如：Every fall ge

16、ese f1y over the houseThe dentist told him that several teeth of his need to be filledMrs. Smith has three children，and Tonny is the youngest oneI think weve got mice in the kitchen有些名词的单复数形式是一样的，如：Chinese，Japanese，Burmese(缅甸)，Spanish (西班牙)，Lebanese (黎巴嫩)，Portuguese (葡萄牙)，Swiss(瑞士)sheep，deer，swine (

17、猪)，fish，carp(鲤鱼)，salmon (鲑)，means，series，species，aircraft，spacecraft等。例如：The best fish are near the bottomWhen they got to the New World，Spanish constructed their houses with Moorish architectural featuresI saw a white sheep running down the roadJudging by his language，he must be a Japanese在表示一类事物时，

18、介词of后的名词要用复数形式。例如：Beethoven is of the greatest musicians in the worldThe Animal Art Festival is being held at Shanghai zoo, which is one of the most welcome festivals in the city.As one of the countries that bear responsibility for the incident, German Chancellor Schroeder holds that the organizatio

19、n should apologize to Chinese government unconditionally.She is one of the three martyrs who were killed in NATOs bombing on the Chinese Embassy in Yugoslavia. 大多数集体名词可作单数，也可作复数，如：army，audience，class，committee，crew(全体船员，乘务员)，crowd，faculty，family, government group orchestra，public，team，union等。但有些虽然是单

20、数形式，却用作复数，如：cattle（牡畜）mankind(人类)，militia(民兵)，people，police，poultry(家畜)，staff(全体职员)等。例如：The president said the Chinese Gowrnment is paying close attention to developments in this matter, and continues to reserve the right to take future action.The cattle, were grazing on the meadow near the farm.The

21、 audience were amused by his humorous stories.My family is far away from the school.有些名词只有复数形式，而且也只用作复数，如：clothes，glasses，spectacles，pants，arms(武器)，belongings(所有物)，customs(海关)，goods(货物)，suburbs(郊区)，papers(文件)等；而有些名词形式为复数，却用作单数，如：electronics(电子学)，mathematics(数学)，optics(光学)，politics，statistics(统计学)等。例

22、如：The shorts he wears are made of leather.Linguistics is a difficult subject to study.He used to study electronics which isnt his favorite sujectI love to live in the suburbs that are conclusive有些名词一般情况下以单数形式出现，表示总体。但如果表示若干、多次或几种时，则要用其复数。这类词有：hair，fruit，pollution，rain，difficulty，success，wind，failure

23、，favour等。例如：The barber had been cutting human hair for two years before he came to Los AngelesMother bought oranges，bananas and other fruits.These caves collapse easily in heavyrains, and great windsHes having financial difficulties有些名词一般只有单数形式，它们通常是表示物质和抽象概念的不可数名词，像：advice，baggage，bread，corn，clothi

24、ng，equipment，education，fun，furniture，food，fruit，garbage，grass，happiness，homework，housework，humanity，information，knowledge，landscape，1aughter，machinery，mankind，merchandise，money，music，nonsense，nature，population，progress，scenery，smoke，sweat，strength，traffic，thunder，ink，jewellery，damage，mail，work，soap，

25、sugar，gold，chalk，cloth，anger，applause，cake，chocolate，poverty等。例如：I must seek the advice of a specialist in the matter of the transfer of property rightsHeadache is the most common disease of human.I really get a lot of fun from reading in leisure time.The population of Shanghai is very big.有些名词单复数的含

26、义不同，使用时要根据上下文的意思进行选择。这类词包括：communication(通讯)communications(通讯系统，通讯工具)，cloth(布)-clothes(衣服)，content(内容)-contents(目录)，convenience(便利)-conveniences(便利设备), humanity(人类)-humanities(人文科学)，necessity(需要)-necessities(必需品)，wood(木材)-woods(树林)，pain(疼痛)pains(辛劳)，ruin(毁灭)-ruins(废墟，遗迹)，sand(沙子)-sands(沙滩)，work(工作)-

27、works(工厂，著作)等。例如：“Hometown” is one of Lu Xuns most famous worksThe insurance company paid $98，700 in damages for the accidentMy child enjoys playing on the sandsNo pains，no gains有些名词只有复数形式。如：fundamentals(基本原则), goods(货物), means(方法) ,shorts(短裤)， sweets(欢乐), valuables(贵重物品)等。The fundamentals are made

28、to guarantee the social stabilityDont take any valuables there for the sake of safety.The goods were purchased from him arent expensive.I think our problem can be solved by means of negotiation. 名词做定语时，不能用作复数。例如：Please check your examination paper carefully after finishing。The Chinas Central Televis

29、ion Station supplies weather report everyday，Youd better inform my family members before leaving for BeijingThe United States and Germany are two member states of NATO.复合名词的复数只把其中所包含的主体名词变成复数。如：looker(s)-on，runner(s)-up，son(s)-in-law，editor(s)-in-chief，passer(s)-by，grand-child(ren)，armyman(armymen)，

30、room-number(s)，shoe lace(s)，dinner plate(s)，blood type(s)等。如果没有主体名词，就在最后一个词上加复数词尾。如：go-between(s)，drawback(s)等。注意以man，woman构成的复合名词，全部变成复数。如：man-servantmen-servants, woman-soldierwomen-soldiers。例如：Would you bring me some dinner plates?We had a wonderful talk with some women-soldiers Dont regard yours

31、elves as passers-by under such circumstancesWe are of different blood types名词的所有格一般在词尾加 s，已有复数词尾-s的，只加。例如：We must work hard to fulfil the countrys plansThe school is within a stones throwNearby are her relatives housesCould you tell me the Smithss addres?名词所有格有时还可以和of构成短语，有以下两种情况：1)它所修饰的词前面有一个表示数量的词

32、，如：a，two，several，some，any，no，few等。 2)它所修饰的词前面有+个指示代词，使句子表示某种情绪。例如：Several students of Lao Yangs acted in the playWe saw a play Guo Moros.At birth，the head of a baby is extremely large in relation to the rest of the body。I have some records of NaYings.2代词的用法 1)人称代词有主格人称代词，在句中充当主语：I，you，he，she，it, we，you，they和宾格人称代词，在句中充当宾语：me，you，him，