学年高一英语期末词汇短语句型语法精讲练Unit 3 Computers练习教师版人教版.docx

1、学年高一英语期末词汇短语句型语法精讲练Unit 3 Computers练习教师版人教版2019-2020学年度上学期高一英语期末复习备考必修2 Unit 3 Computers单元基础梳理一、词汇部分：1、 认读单词词义速记1) sum n. A病毒2) operator n. B革命3) revolution n. C. 操作员4) artificial adj. D. 总数；计算题；金额5) network n. E. 下载 6) finance n. F. 机动的；可移动的7) mobile adj. G. 金融；财金 8) rocket n. H. 人造的9) download vt.

2、 I. 火箭10) virus n. J. 网络；网状物【答案】1）D 2)C 3)B 4)H 5)J 6)G 7)F 8)I 9)E 10)A2、 核心单词重点记忆序号重点词汇及拓展1_adj.电子的2_n性格；特点3_vi.& vt.发信号n信号4_vt.简化_adj.简单的_adv.简单地5_vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究_n探险者；勘探者_n探索6_n工艺；科技；技术_adj.科技的7_adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的_n宇宙8_vt.解决；解答_n解决(办法)9_vt.计算_n计算_n计算器10_adv.无论如何；即使如此_(同义词)11_vi.出现；发生_(过去式) _(过去分词)

3、12_n智力；聪明；智能_adj.智能的；聪明的_adv.智能地；聪明地13_n真实；事实；现实_adj.真的；现实的_n现实主义14_adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的_adv.就个人而言_n个性；人格15_n应用；用途；申请_vt.应用；申请_n申请人【答案】1. electronic2character 3. signal4simplify；simple；simply5.explore；explorer；exploration6.technology；technological; 7. universal；universe 8. solve；solution9. calculate；calc

4、ulation；calculator10.anyhow；anyway11.arise；arose；arisen;12.intelligence；intelligent；intelligently13.reality；real；realism14.personal；personally；personality15.application；apply；applicant3、短语收集精准记忆1from._从时起2_a result结果3_a way在某种程度上4_the help of在的帮助下5deal_处理；安排；对付6watch_看守；监视7make_弥补；编造；打扮；构成8after_毕竟；

5、终究 9have._common有共同之处10_total总共【答案】1. on2.as3.in4.with5.with6.over7up8.all10.in二、句型部分：典句重现,熟练背诵1I developed very slowly and_(差不多用了两百年) before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.【答案】it took nearly two hundred years 2By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room,and_(我想知道是否) I would

6、 grow any larger.【答案】I wondered if3_(随着时间的流逝),I was made smaller.【答案】As time went by4Over time my memory has developed_(如此之快以至于),like an elephant,I never forget anything I have been told!【答案】so much that5Anyhow,my goal_(是向人类提供) a life of high quality.【答案】is to provide humans with单元重点讲解一、 词汇精讲1solve

7、vt. 解答；解决【归纳拓展】(1)solve a problem 解决一个问题(2)solution n解决办法；处理手段a solution to sth. 的解决方法【巩固练习】单句语法填空/完成句子With most of the problems (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mind. 【答案】solvedIt may take a long time to find a (solve) to the problem. 【答案】solution为了解决这个问题,我和我的朋友一心想要给学校写点建议。 , I, together

8、 with my friends, am bent on writing some suggestions to our school.【答案】In order to solve the problem2. signal n信号vi.& vt.发出信号【归纳拓展】(1)signal (to) sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事signal (sb.) that示意(2)give signals/a signal (to sb.) 向某人发信号a danger/warning/traffic signal危险/警告/交通信号【易混辨析】symbol多指符号、象征、标志等,常表示某种有寓意的

9、事物signal常指为某一目的而有意识地发出的信号sign表示“记号、符号”时,同symbol。表示“告示,标志”时,侧重指用文字、图形等所表达的内容,另外还可指“征兆,迹象”mark普通用词,意义广泛。既可指为辨认而有意识地做的标记,又可指自然而然形成的标志或区别于其它事物的特征。也可用于指“分数,成绩”【巩固练习】（1）单句语法填空/完成句子The police signalled (to) the driver_his car by raising his hand.警察举手示意司机停车。【答案】to stopDrivers who give_(signal) before turnin

10、g or stopping help prevent accidents.【答案】signals(2)选词填空(symbol/signal/sign/mark)All he gets is a busy_whenever I dial his number.【答案】signalThere is no_of his getting over his illness in a short time.【答案】signA code uses_to replace words,phrases or sentences.【答案】symbolsLeagers horse has a white _ on i

11、ts head.【答案】mark3. arise (arose, arisen ) vi. 出现；发生；产生；起床；起身【归纳拓展】arise from /out of 由引起/产生arise from . . . 从上站起来rise (rose, risen) vi. 升起来；上升【巩固练习】写出下列句中arise的含义/单句语法填空New problems will arise one after another in the future. 【答案】出现They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park. 【答案】起床Seein

12、g his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately. 【答案】起身The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over the past year. 【答案】 引起I (rise) from the chair to answer the doorbell. 【答案】roseAs we all know, most car accidents arise carelessness. 【

13、答案】from4. personal adj. 个人的；私人的；亲自的【归纳拓展】personally adv. 就个人而言；亲自personality n性格；个性；人格【巩固练习】单句语法填空 (personal), I am tired of watching TV. I prefer to go out for a walk. 【答案】PersonallyShe has a powerful (personal)【答案】personality【能力提升】句式升级(普通表达) Protecting our eyesight is a personal concern. It is a p

14、ublic one as well. (高级表达) . (用not only. . . but also. . . 连接上面两个句子) 【答案】Protecting our eyesight is not only a personal concern but also a public one5.application n应用；用途；申请【归纳拓展】(1)have a wide application in . . . 在中得到广泛应用application form 申请表(2)apply v应用；申请apply for 申请【巩固练习】单句语法填空The technology has a

15、 wide (apply) in IT industry. 【答案】applicationIm writing this letter to _ a chance of a volunteer. 【答案】apply for6as a result 结果；因此【归纳拓展】as a result of 因为；由于；作为的结果result from 由引起result in 导致；造成【巩固练习】单句语法填空Its generally believed that his fathers cancer resulted his smoking. 【答案】fromYou might learn that

16、 haste(匆忙) makes waste if you do something so fast, resulting mistakes. 【答案】inThis year, school sports meeting has to be put off as a result the weather.【答案】of7in a way 在某种程度上；就某一方面【归纳拓展】by the way 顺便说in no way 一点也不；决不(置于句首,句子要部分倒装)in the way 挡道；碍事No way! 别想！没门！【巩固练习】单句语法填空 ,the computer plays an im

17、portant role in our daily life and work. 【答案】In a wayShe finds it difficult to clear up the mess, as her children are always whenever she tries to. 【答案】in the wayYou did a good job. ,your new hair style is wonderful. 【答案】By the way8.with the help of在的帮助下【归纳拓展】help sb.out 帮忙；帮助(解决困难) cant help doing

18、sth. 禁不住做某事cant help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事be of helpbe helpful 有帮助的【巩固练习】单句语法填空On seeing the funny scene,he couldnt help_(laugh)【答案】laughingI read English magazines_the help of a dictionary.【答案】with9. watch over看守；监视；照顾【归纳拓展】watch out (for) 当心；注意be on the watch for 留神；注意keep watch 值班；放哨keep (a) watch o

19、n. 监视【巩固练习】单句语法填空Could you watch_my pet dog while Im away?【答案】overIn my opinion,we should watch out_those friends in disguise.【答案】forThe police are keeping a close watch_the activities of those men.【答案】on10deal with 处理；应付；对待；与打交道；涉及；讲述【归纳拓展】deal with意为“处理”时,常与how连用do with意为“处理”时,常与what连用【巩固练习】(1)写出下

20、列句中deal with的含义His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people. 【答案】与打交道His article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about. 【答案】论及；涉及I think we should work out a plan to deal with this crisis. 【答案】处理(2)用deal with和do with填空I dont know how they _ the problem. 我不知道他们如何处

21、理这个问题。【答案】deal withI dont know what they _the problem. 我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。【答案】do with二、语法概要：现在完成时的被动语态1、用法1)现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。2)表示一个被动的动作或状态发生在过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于“How long . . . ？”句型中。3)用在时间或条件状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作,即用现在完

22、成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。2、结构1)肯定式：Shave/has been done . . . He ,with his two classmates, has been selected to take part in the sports meeting. 他和他的两个同学已被挑选出来参加运动会。2)否定式：Shave/has not been done . . . The construction of the Hope School has not been finished. 那所希望学校的建设还没有完成。3)一般疑问式：Have/HasSbeen done . .

23、. ？Has the date for the next parentsmeeting been decided?下次家长会的日期已决定了吗？4)特殊疑问式：疑问词have/hasSbeen done . . . ？How long has the battery not been changed?电池多久没有更换了？3、现在完成时的标志词：already ,yet,recently/lately , since then ,ever since,ever,so far ,for a long time,by now,in recent years,in /during /over the p

24、ast /last years等,常与现在完成时连用。4、注意事项1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。His boss has already punished him. He has already been punished (by his boss)2)带有双宾语的动词,如tell , teach, give, make, send, bring, take, show, sing, write, sell, buy, pay, lend, promise等,变为被动语态时,一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时,间接宾

25、语前面要用相应的介词。The university has given her a chance to study abroad recently. She has been given a chance to study abroad recently (by the university)A chance to study abroad has been given to her recently (by the university)单元应用体验【限时练习在45分钟内完成】.单词拼写1When the famous scientist _(探索)the desert region in

26、1979, he never returned .【答案】explored【解析】分析从句结构,此处应填谓语动词,再看末的时间状语in 1979,应该用一般过去时,所以用explored。2He was asked to _(简化)the instructions so that the students could understand them.【答案】simplify【解析】句子主谓语结构是被动语态,根据ask sb to do sth可知,此处应用动词原形simplify。3He said that he saw your sister _(徘徊) in the street when

27、 he passed by the other day.【答案】wandering【解析】根据when引导的从句可判断动作发生在过去时刻,再由see sb doing sth可知,此处应该用现在分词wandering作宾语补足语.4It can only be restarted by the _(操作员) when the computer is stopped in this way.【答案】operator【解析】空格前面是定冠词,此处用名词operator。5Your new _(目标) is to preserve the picture, protect it, and commu

28、nicate through it.【答案】goal【解析】空格前面是形容词,形容词修饰名词,此处用goal。6As a secretary, I answer telephones and do some _(打字)【答案】typing【解析】do some +v-ing结构表示“做点某事”,do some reading/shopping。所以用动名词typing。7Dont disturb him. He is busy _(计算)a mathematical problem.【答案】calculating【解析】be busy /worth doing sth结构中,busy后用现在分词calculating。8Chinese young scientists have made great progress in machine translation and artificial _(智能)【答案】intelligence【解析】空格前面是形容词,形容词修饰名词,所以此处用intelligence。9The software _