小升初语法一般现在时态.docx

1、小升初语法一般现在时态小升初语法一般现在时态一、一般现在时的定义一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作，存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。二、一般现在时的结构一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词的词尾要加-s或-es。现在以连系动词be和行为动词read为例，对一般现在时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及其简略答语的构成以表格形式加以说明：动词肯定句否定句beIamIamnotYou/We/TheyareYou/We/TheyarenotHe/She/Itis.He/She/ItisnotreadI/We/You/TheyreadI/We/You/They/donotreadHe/Sh

2、e/ItreadsHe/She/Itdoesnotread动词疑问句简略答语（肯定）简略答语（否定）beAmI?Yes,youare.No,youarenot.Areyou?Yes,Iam/weare.No,Iam/wearenot.Arewe?Yes,we/youare.No,we/youarenot.Arethey?Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.Ishe?Yes,heis.No,heisnot.Isshe?Yes,sheis.No,sheisnot.Isit?Yes,itis.No,itisnot.readDoI/we/theyread?Yes,you/we/they

3、do.No,you/we/theydonot.Doeshe/she/itread?Yes,he/she/itdoes.No,he/she/itdoesnot.连系动词be的各种形式常与代词或not缩写成一个词。助动词do，does一般只有与not缩写。联系动词be缩写形式如下肯定缩写否定缩写IamImIamnotImnotYouareYoureYouarenotYourenot/YouarentHeisHesHeisnotHesnot/HeisntSheisShesSheisnotShesnot/SheisntItisItsItisnotItsnot/ItisntWeareWereWearen

4、otWerenot/WearentTheyareTheyreTheyarenotTheyrenot/Theyarent动词donot的缩写形式为dont，doesnot的缩写形式为doesnt。二、 动词加-s或-es（动词第三人称单数）当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s或-es1 一般在词尾加s例：workworksleave-leavesswim-swims2 以字母s，x，ch，sh或o结尾的词加-es例：pass-passesfix-fixesteach-teachesdo-does3 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i再加-es例：study-studiescarry-carr

5、iesfly-fliescry-cries三、 一般现在时的用法1 表示经常或习惯性的动作。常与often（经常）,always（总是）,sometimes（有时）,everyday（每天）,onSundays/Mondays等表示频度的时间状语连用。一般现在时的时间状语有：today,often,sometimes,always,usually,everyday(week,month,year,),thisyear,onceaweek(month,year,)一周（月，年）一次例句：Igetupat6oclockeveryday.Heoftengoestoschoolbybike.2 表示客

6、观事实，普遍真理。例句：Twoandtwoisfour.二加二等于四。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时态专项练习一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式posteatstopjumpgolikevisitpassrisereadridehavegivewriteswimstudywatchflyteachdo二、 单项选择()1._youhaveabook?ADoB.AreC.IsD.Have()2.DoesLiLeiliketowatchTV?_.A.Yes,helike.B.No,hedoesnt.C.Yes,hedlike.D.No,helike

7、s.()3.Shedoesnt_herhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doingB.todoC.doesD.do()4.How_Mr.Smith_toEngland?A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goes()5._she_homeatsixeveryday?A.Is,leaveB.Does,leaveC.Is,leavesD.Does,left三、 用下列动词的适当形式填空1.I_(get)upat6oclockeveryday.2.Myfather_(have)alovelydog.3.He_(go)toschoolonfoot.4.She_(

8、do)notlikewatchingTV.5.They_(play)footballeverySundayafternoon.四、 按要求完成下列各题1.TomorrowisSaturday.(变成一般疑问句)_Saturday?2.Doesheplaybasketballeveryweekend?(肯定回答)Yes,_.3.Shelookslikehersister.(变一般疑问句)_she_likehersister?4.PeterandSamlookthesame.(一般疑问句)_they_thesame?5.Dotheyalwaysgotothemovie(电影院)onSundays?

9、(否定回答)No,_.五、英汉互译1. Tom经常放学后（afterschool）踢足球。_2. 我喜欢唱歌。_3. Heoftengoestoschoolonfoot._4. Childrenliketoplaythisgame._5. 今天是星期日。_能力测试卷（一般现在时）一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式gohaveswimstudyrisestopdoridecrygowriteflyplayreadcomebuygivewatchworkcarry二、 用动词的适当形式填空1. He_(go)toschoolonfoot.2. She_notlikewatchingTV.(do)

10、3. Myfather_(have)alovelydog.4. Ioften_(get)upatsixeverymorning.5. Mymother_(work)inaschool.三、 英汉互译1. 他经常在周六的时候读英语。_2. Peter每天都帮助妈妈做家务。_3. Tomalwaysplaysfootballafterschool._4Igetupatsixoclockeveryday._5.Thecoatfits(适合)meverywell._小升初语法现在进行时态一、 现在进行时的定义现在进行时是表示在现在某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作的时态。二、 现在进行时的构成现在进行时

11、由“系动词（am，is，are）+现在分词（动词加-ing形式）”构成。现在以动词work为例，对现在进行时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及简略答语列表说明：肯定句否定句Iamworking.Iamnotworking.Youareworking.Youarenotworking.He/She/Itisworking.He/She/Itisnotworking.We/You/Theyareworking.We/You/Theyarenotworking.疑问句简略答语AmIworking?Yes,youare.No,youarenot.Areweworking?Yes,we/youare.No,we

12、/youarent.Areyouworking?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.Yes,weare.No,wearenot.Ishe/sheitworking?Yes,he/she/itis.No,he/she/itisnot.Aretheyworking?Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.三、 现在分词的构成1. 一般在动词原形末尾加-ing。stay-stayingdo-doinglisten-listening2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing。make-makingride-ridinggive-giving3. 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音

13、节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。put-puttingsit-sittingrun-running4. 以ie为重读音节结尾的单词，先去掉e，把i变为y，再加ing。lie-lyingdie-dying四、 现在进行时的用法1. 表示现在或说话时正在进行的动作，常和下列时间状语连用：now,atthismoment,atpresent,thesedays(years),thisterm有时也与look,listen等连用。例句：Look,whatarethemonkeyseating?看，那些猴子在吃什么？2. 表示当前一直或反复在进行的动作或难以终止的动作。例句：Theyarerun

14、ningandjumpingallthetime.他们一直在跑啊跳啊。现在进行时态专项练习一、 写出下列动词的现在分词形式stay_do_listen_suffer_refuse_close_operate_die_work_spend_look_make_put_sit_run_tie_take_give_ride_please_win_begin_open_lie_二、 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. MaryandLucyare_(dance)now.2. Listen!Someoneis_(play)thepianointhenextroom.3. Heis_(sweep)thefloo

15、ratthemoment.4. Look!Thecat_(eat)thefishonthetable.5. A:_you_(study)French?B:Yes,Iam.6. Sheoften_(dance)afterschool.7. Myfatherandmother_(swim)inthepond.8. Mysisteris_(fly)akiteinthegarden.9. Weare_(watch)TVnow.10. Bequiet!Thebaby_(sleep)now.三、 改错1. Wearecleanningourclassroom._2. Sheissinginthenextr

16、oom._3. Whatamyoudoing?_4. MaryiscomeingbackfromBeijing._5. HeoftenflyingkitesonSundays._6. Theyisreadingbooksnow._7. Mybrotherisplaystheguitarnow._8. Sallyisdanceingintheroom._9. IwatchingTVathomenow._10. Doyoulisteningtheradionow?_四、 英汉互译1. 他正在教室里做作业。_2. WearereadingEnglishnow._3. Peter和Billy正在操场上

17、（intheplayground）打篮球。_4. Look!Abirdisflyinginthesky._5. 公共汽车来了。_6. 刘先生经常在周日的时候（onSundays）看英语书。_7. Heisntplayinggames.Heisstudying._8. 孩子们在摘（pick）苹果。_9. Thatsonofyoursisalwaysmakingtroubles(捣乱)._10.你们正在做什么?_能力测试卷（现在进行时态）一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式及现在分词形式play_sit_do_stop_put_swim_skate_dance_fly_lie_二、用动词的适当形式

18、填空1.Iam_(watch)TVnow.2. He_(play)intheclassroomnow.3. Sheoften_(dance)afterschool.4. Mysisteris_(fly)akiteinthepark.5. Myparents(父母)_(swim)inthepond.三、改错1.IwatchingTVathomenow._2.Myfatherisplaysthepiano._3 HeoftenflyingkitesonSundays._4 Theyisreadingbooks._5 Sheisdancingintheroom._四、 英汉互译1Billy正在教室里

19、做作业。_2 MymotheralwayscleansthehouseonSaturdays._3. 你正在做什么？_4. 他们没有踢足球，他们在打篮球。_5. Thebusiscoming._小升初语法句型之肯定句和否定句一、陈述句定义：凡是说明一件事情，提出一个看法，或是表达一种心情的句子都是陈述句。大多数的句子都是陈述句，陈述句可以用肯定式和否定式。肯定句变否定句肯定句变否定句就是加notno或表示否定的词英语的句子重要取决于动词而动词又有时态的变化因此在不同的时态的句子中的位置不同。时态具体句型句子构成一般现在时动词做谓语主语+be(am/is/are)+not+其他+.实意动词做谓语

20、主语+dont/doesnt+其他+.情态动词+实义动词主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+其他+.现在进行时动词做谓语主语+be动词(am/is/are)+现在分词+其他+.陈述句练习把下列陈述句变成否定句。1.MyfatherwatchesTVeveryday.Myfather_TVeveryday.2.Kateoftendoesherhomeworkatsix.Kate_often_herhomeworkatsix.3.Igotoschoolatseven.I_toschoolatseven.4.Sheusuallygoeshomebybus.She_usually_homebybus.5

21、.Theyaregoodstudents.They_goodstudents.6.Heisclever.He_clever.7.Hehassomebreadforbreakfasteverymorning.He_breadforbreakfasteverymorning.8.Ioftendrinksometeaintheafternoon.I_often_teaintheafternoon.9.Hehassomeeggs.He_eg10.Kimlikeshisnewbike.Kim_hisnewbike小升初语法之疑问句疑问句是用来提出问题的，疑问句又包括：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句和

22、选择疑问句。一、一般疑问句：1.一般疑问句又可以叫做yes/no句型，需要用yes或no来回答。2.一般疑问句的基本结构：be动词（am,is,are）+主语+表语？情态动词（can,may,must）+主语+行为动词（或be）?助动词(do,does)+主语+行为动词？助动词（shall,will,have,has）+主语+行为动词（或be）?3.变一般疑问句的方法：（一调，二变，三问号）Be动词型一般疑问句：原句问句回答Iamagirl.Areyouagirl?Yes,Iam/No,ImnotSheismyfriend.Issheyourfriend?Yes,sheis/No,sheisn

23、tHeisastudent.Isheastudent?Yes,heis/No,heisntWearehome.Areyouhome?Yes,weare/No,wearentThisismybook.Isthisyourbook?Yes,itis/No,itisntTheyaregoodfriends.Aretheyyourgoodfriends?Yes,theyare/No,theyarent情态动词型一般疑问句：原句问句回答Icandraw.Canyoudraw?Yes,Ican/No,Icant.Shecanswim.Cansheswim?Yes,shecan/No,shecantHecanrideabike.Canherideabike?Yes,hecan/No,hecantWewillgetthere.Willyougethere?Yes,wewill/No,wewontItcantalk.Canitt