中考复习之形容词副词.docx

1、中考复习之形容词副词形容词形容词是修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。例如：long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分1)单个形容词修饰名词或代词时顺序：直接放名词或代词前面1. He is a good student.2. She is a beautiful girl.3. I have a clever pet dog.2)多个形容词做定语时的排列顺序： 口诀: 冠代数形大,新色国材名【注释】冠-冠词；代-代词；数-数词；形-形状、性质；大-大小、长短；新-新旧;色-颜色；国-国家、产地；材-材料、用途；名-名词

2、 an old big brown wooden box 一个旧而大的棕色木箱子 two tall young Japanese girls 两位高个、年轻的日本姑娘例题1) Tony is going camping with _ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two2) One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace.A. old Chinese stoneB. Chinese old stone C.

3、old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old3.)修饰不定代词时常后置 “不+形”当形容词修饰由something/somebody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody, everything/everybody等不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后. 1. Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ?2. I have something important to tell you.1. Sam is hungry, hed like to eat _delicio

4、us. A. some B. any C. something D. somewhere 2. Dont worry. There is _ about your illness. A. serious something B. anything serious C. nothing serious D. some thing3.There is _ in todays newspaper. Its boring. A. something new B. interesting new C. nothing new D. new nothing 4.-Who can help us? -_.

5、Well do it ourselves A. Everyone else B. Else everyone C. Nobody else D. Else nobody要点：不定代词修饰形容词， 位置为“不形”The trees turn green in spring.We are alone on the island.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词。你能说出几个？alone afraid awake asleep alive able所谓表语形容词即指只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。这类形容词常见的有：某些以a-开头的形容词：afraid 害怕的 alive 活着

6、的 alone 单独的asleep 睡着的 awake 醒着的 Dont be afraid. 别怕。Now the baby is asleep. 现在孩子睡着了。He was alone in the house. 他独自一人在家里。1. She was _ (luck) to lose her money when she went shopping last weekend. 04西宁 2. This kind of skirt looks _ and sells_ . 04天津A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nic

7、e 3. What do you think of the story written by Mark Twain? It is _. I like it. 04昆明 A. boring B. bored C. interested D. interesting 4. Your answer sounds _ . A. correct B. correctly C. correctness D. correcting5. They watched a movie and felt quite _ . A. sad B. sadly C. sadness D. sady某些动词如make，pai

8、nt，keep，find，like，want等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语有的已构成固定词组。1. He made us happy. 2. You must keep the classroom clean形容词的构成1、+fulforgetforgetful helphelpful wonderwonderful useuseful carecareful beautybeautiful thankthankful color -colorful2、edexciteexcited worryworried surpr

9、isesurprised closeclosedinterestinterested frightenfrightened 3、+inginterestinteresting exciteexciting surprisesurprising followfollowing4、+y 所有表示天气状况的的形容词sunsunny snowsnowy windwindy rain-rainy cloudcloudy healthhealthy5、+ enwool-woolen wood-wooden6、+ern (东西南北)east-eastern west-western south-southe

10、rn north-northern7.由“名词+ly”构成friendly, daily, weekly, silly lively, lonely,lovely 8.复合形容词一个八岁的男孩 an eight-year-old boy一段10分钟的步行路程a ten-minute walk /a ten minutes walk 放七天假have a seven-day holidayhave a seven days holidayhave seven days off形容词的比较等级构成,有三个等级：原级；比较级；最高级。 词 尾 变 化原级比较级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或

11、-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-sttall hard large wide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或estbig hot thin fat wet 以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加-er,或-esthappy dry early narrow clever 多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more 和most difficult popular slowly原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级最高级注意：在含有形容词的比较级句子中，对两个相比较的内容为了避免重复，我们常常用that, those来代替

12、前面的词。例如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong.The windows of our classroom are cleaner than those of theirs.1、as+形容词原形+asTom is as tall as Mike.There are as many students in our school as yours. 否定 not as+形容词原形+as “和 不一样” 或 not so+形容词原形+as“不及不如 Tom is not as tall as Mike.2、so+ 形容词原

13、级+that丛句 such+名词that丛句He is so big that he cant enter the room bythe door .3、 too+原级+ to do sth.He is too young to join the army. 4、形容词原级+ enough to do sth. This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons.1、两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词than Tom is taller than John2、Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ?Which is easier, maths or

14、 English?3、能修饰比较级的副词及短语：much(的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（更）、a bit/alittle(一点儿)This city is much more beautiful than that oneToday is even hotter than yesterday.注意：very不能修饰比较级。More可构成比较级，但不能修饰比较级4、 is the +比较级 + of the two. Tom is the taller of the two boys. 5、数量 + 比较级 than He is three years older t

15、han his brother.6、比较级+ and + 比较级， “越来越” Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热7、The + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越，就越” The more , the better. 越多越好。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖1.one of the+最高级+名词复数2.最高级+of (in)(三者及以上范围的)Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best.3.This is/

16、 was the最高级+名词+that定语从句This is the worst film that I have seen these years.4、Which/Who is the + 最高级,A ,B or C ?Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ?5.、the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/ofThe Yellow River is the second longest river in China.注意： 用the +形容词最高级形式+in 接单数名词 用the +形容词最高级形式+of 接复数

17、名词或表示复数的代词。Who is the tallest in the class? Who is the tallest of the students. 使用形容词比较级时1、可用“比较级形式+than any other +单数名词来表达最高级的意思 He is taller than any other student in the school 。2.形容词比较级前一般不加the。但可用the +比较级形式+of the two来表达两者之间的比较。 He is the better of the two.Of the two jobs，he chose the harder.Ma

18、ry was the more beautiful of the two. Of the two boys Mike is the taller one. 注意区别下列两个句子：加拿大和澳大利亚，哪个国家更大? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australian?Which is larger, Canada or Australian?使用形容词最高级时1.可用“one of +the最高级形式+名词复数”表示“是最 之一者。one of the most beautiful cities is shanghai 上海是最美的城市之一。2.最高

19、级前可以有序数词来修饰。 Which is the first most useful invention? 哪一个是第一个最有用途的发明？3.如果形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格时，则不必加定冠词the。Yesterday was my busiest day. 昨天是我最忙碌的一天。用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。very, early, out, soon, quickly, 等等.副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分为以下几种：1、时间和频度副词：now, then, often, always, early, today, already, soo

20、n, ago, yesterday等.2、地点副词：here, there, everywhere, out, in, home, upstairs, above, below, inside等.3、方式副词：carefully, politely, fast, well, extremely,等.4、程度副词：much, little, very, rather, too, rather, almost, so等.5、疑问副词：how, where, when, why（放在特殊疑问句前）6、关系副词：when, where, why（通常引导宾语从句）7、连接副词：how, when, w

21、here, why, whether（通常引导定语从句）副词的比较等级构成和用法1、副词的比较等级构成。有三个等级：原级；比较级；最高级。单音节词和少数双音节词构 成 方 法原 级比较级最高级一般在词尾加-er或-estfasthardlongsoonfasterharderlongersoonerfastesthardestlongestsoonest以字母e结尾的副词，加-r或-stlatelaterlatest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的副词，先把y变为i，再加-er或-estearlyearlierearliest2、不规则变化原 级比 较 级最 高 级wellbadlymuchlittl

22、efarbetterworsemorelessfarther较远(表示距离)further较远，进一步(表示程度)bestworstmostleastfarthestfurthest 副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.fast-faster-fastest slowly- more slowly most slowly 形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world.Jim jumped (the) highest of the all.注意：1、副

23、词very可以修饰形容词、副词，但不能修饰动词。例如：This flower is very beautiful. I like English very much. (但不能说：I very like English.)2、enough作副词时，用在形容词、副词之后；enough用作形容词时，放在名词前或后都可以。例如：He is strong enough to lift the heavy box. The man has got enough money (or: money enough) to buy a car. 3、频度副词的比例表：always100%, usually80%

24、, often70%60%, sometimes, at times30%40%, seldom, hardly ever5%, never0%4、quite / rather a + 形容词+ 名词a + very +形容词+名词 一个相当不错的女孩quite/ rather a good girl/a very good girl5、good & wellgood(形容词) well(副词) 只有表身体好才用作形容词6、than any other +单数，比较级表最高级的意思 David jumps highest in our class. = David jumps higher t

25、han any other student in our class. The population of China is larger than any other coutry in the world. = The population of China is the largest in the world.7、the+比较级，the+比较级 表“越就越” The more you study, the more you know. 你学得越多，就懂得越多 你读得越多，你的英语就会越好。_you read, _ your English will be.8、比较级+and+同一比较级

26、,表“越来越” 越来越重 越来越热越来越重要形容词变副词1、一般加-ly careful- carefully slow-slowly2、辅音字母加-y结尾，变y为i再加-lyhappy- happily heavy-heavily3、以e结尾的形容词： true-truly terrible-terribly possibe- possibly, comfortabe-comfortably wide widely polite-politely注意：名词+ly，构成形容词，不是副词！weekly, monthly, friendly注意： 下列词既是形容词也是副词early early l

27、ate- late high high hard- hardwell well far far fast fast deep deephardly，几乎不lately 最近，近来 （现在完成时态标志）highly高度地, 赞许地 speak highly of 高度评价deep与deeply区别：deep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地1.What a _cough! You seem _ill. A. terrible, terribly B. terribly, terrible C. terrible, terrible D. terribly, terr

28、ibly2.The car is running_.It seems to be flying. A. more and faster B. more and fast C. fast and fast D. faster and faster3.I feel even_ now. A. bad B. well C. worse D. worst4.She was very happy. She ran_of all the runners. A.fastest B.the quickest C.slowest D.quickly5.Keep quiet, please. Its_ noisy

29、 here. A. many too B. too many C. much too D. too much6.Have you _ spoken to a foreigner? No,_. A. already, never B. ever,never C. yet, already D. ever,ever7.He is taller than _in his class. A.any boy B. any boys C.any other boy D. some other boy8.Ill go and visit you _next week. A. sometime B.some times C. some time D.some time9.-What was the weather like yesterday? -It was very bad. It rained_. People could _go out. A. hard,hard B. hardly，hard C. hardly,hardly D. hard，hardly10.English is as _as Chinese. You should learn it well. A. importa