TED英语演讲稿6个月学会一门外语.docx

1、TED英语演讲稿6个月学会一门外语TED英语演讲稿：6个月学会一门外语简介：为什么有的人学了XX年的英语还是开不了口而另一些人却能迅速掌握一门外语上世纪80年代，语言学家chris lonsdale来到中国，仅用6个月的时间他就能说出流利的普通话。他是怎么做到的一起来听听他的学习方法吧!have you ever held a question in mind for so long that it becomes part of how you think maybe even part of who you are as a person well i’ve had a que

2、stion in my mind for many, many years and that is: how can you speed up learning now, this is an interesting question because if you speed up learning you can spend less time at school. and if you learn really fast, you probably wouldn’t have to go to school at all.now, when i was young, schoo

3、l was sort of okay but i found quite often that school got in the way of learning so i had this question in mind: how do you learn faster and this began when i was very, very young, when i was about eleven years old i wrote a letter to researchers in the soviet union, asking about hypnopaedia, this

4、is sleep learning, where you get a tape recorder, you put it beside your bed and it turns on in the middle of the night when you’re sleeping, and you’re supposed to be learning from this.a good idea, unfortunately it doesn’t work. but, hypnopaedia did open the doors to research in

5、other areas and we’ve had incredible discoveries about learning that began with that first question. i went on from there to become passionate about psychology and i have been involved in psychology in many ways for the rest of my life up until this point. in 1981 i took myself to china and i

6、decided that i was going to be native level in chinese inside two years.now, you need to understand that in 1981, everybody thought chinese was really, really difficult and that a westerner could study for ten years or more and never really get very good at it. and i also went in with a different id

7、ea which was: taking all of the conclusions from psychological research up to that point and applying them to the learning process. what was really cool was that in six months i was fluent in mandarin chinese and took a little bit longer to get up to native. but i looked around and i saw all of thes

8、e people from different countries struggling terribly with chinese, i saw chinese people struggling terribly to learn english and other languages, and so my question got refined down to: how can you help a normal adult learn a new language quickly, easily and effectivelynow this a really, really imp

9、ortant question in today’s world. we have massive challenges with environment we have massive challenges with social dislocation, with wars, all sorts of things going on and if we can’t communicate we’re really going to have difficulty solving these problems. so we need to be able

10、to speak each other’s languages, this is really, really important.the question then is how do you do that. well, it’s actually really easy. you look around for people who can already do it, you look for situations where it’s already working and then you identify the principles and

11、apply them. it’s called modelling and i’ve been looking at language learning and modelling language learning for about fifteen to twenty years now.and my conclusion, my observation from this is that any adult can learn a second language to fluency inside six months. now when i say this,

12、most people think i’m crazy, this is not possible. so let me remind everybody of the history of human progress, it’s all about expanding our limits.in 1950 everybody believed that running one mile in four minutes was impossible and then roger bannister did it in 1956 and from there it&rs

13、quo;s got shorter and shorter. 100 years ago everybody believed that heavy stuff doesn’t fly. except it does and we all know this. how does heavy stuff fly we reorganise the materials using principles that we have learned from observing nature, birds in this case. and today we’ve gone ev

14、er further, so you can fly a car. you can buy one of these for a couple hundred thousand us dollars. we now have cars in the world that can fly. and there’s a different way to fly that we’ve learned from squirrels. so all you need to do is copy what a flying squirrel does, build a suit c

15、alled a wing suit and off you go, you can fly like a squirrel.no, most people, a lot of people, i wouldn’t say everybody but a lot of people think they can’t draw. however there are some key principles, five principles that you can apply to learning to draw and you can 2 actually learn t

16、o draw in five days. so, if you draw like this, you learn these principles for five days and apply them and after five days you can draw something like this. now i know this is true because that was my first drawing and after five days of applying these principles that was what i was able to do. and

17、 i looked at this and i went ‘wow,’ so that’s how i look like when i’m concentrating so intensely that my brain is exploding. so, anybody can learn to draw in five days and in the same way, with the same logic, anybody can learn a second language in six months.how: there are

18、five principles and seven actions. there may be a few more but these are absolutely core. and before i get into those i just want to talk about two myths, dispel two myths. the first is that you need talent. let me tell you about zoe. zoe came from australia, went to holland, was trying to learn dut

19、ch, struggling a great deal and finally people were saying: ‘you’re completely useless,’ ‘you’re not talented,’ ‘give up,’ ‘you’re a waste of time’ and she was very, very depressed. and then she came across these five principles, she

20、moved to brazil and she applied them and within six months she was fluent in portuguese, so talent doesn’t matter.people also think that immersion in a new country is the way to learn a language. but look around hong kong, look at all the westerners who’ve been here for ten years, who do

21、n’t speak a word of chinese. look at all the chinese living in america, britain, australia, canada have been there ten, twenty year and they don’t speak any english. immersion per se doesn’t not work, why because a drowning man cannot learn to swim. when you don’t speak a lan

22、guage you’re like a baby and if you drop yourself into a context which is all adults talking about stuff over your head, you won’t learn.so, what are the five principles that you need to pay attention to; first: the four words, attention, meaning, relevance and memory, and these intercon

23、nect in very important ways. especially when you’re talking about learning. come with me on a journey through a forest. you go on a walk through a forest and you see something like this. little marks on a tree, maybe you pay attention, maybe you don’t. you go another fifty metres and you

24、 see this. you should be paying attention. another fifty metres, if you haven’t been paying attention, you see this.and at this point, you’re paying attention. and you’ve just learned that this is important, it’s relevant because it means this, and anything that is related, a

25、ny information related to your survival is stuff that you’re going to pay attention to and therefore you’re going to remember it. if it’s related to your personal goals then you’re going to pay attention to it, if it’s relevant you’re going to remember it. so, the

26、 first rule, the first principle for learning a language is focus on language content that is relevant to you. which brings us to tools. we master tool by using tools and we learn tools the fastest when they are relevant to us.so let me share a story. a keyboard is a tool. typing chinese a certain w

27、ay, there are methods for this. that’s a tool. i had a colleague many years ago who went to night school; tuesday night, thursday night, two hours each night, practicing at home, she spent nine months, and she did not learn to type chinese. and one night we had a crisis. we had forty eight hou

28、rs to deliver a training manual in chinese. and she got the job, and i can guarantee you in forty eight hours, she learned to type chinese because it was relevant, it was important, it was meaningful, she was using a tool to create value. so the second tool for learning a language is to use your lan

29、guage as a tool to communicate right from day one.as a kid does. when i first arrived in china i didn’t speak a word of chinese, and on my second week i got to take a train ride overnight. i spent eight hours sitting in the dining care talking to one of the guards on the train, he took an inte

30、rest in me for some reason, and we just chatted all night in chinese and he was drawing pictures and making movements with his hands and facial expressions and piece by piece by piece i understood more and more. but what was really cool, was two weeks later, when people were talking chinese around m

31、e, i was understanding some of this and i hadn’t even made any effort to learn that.what had happened, i’d absorbed it that night on the train, which brings us to the third principle. when you first understand the message, then you will acquire the language 3 unconsciously. and this is r

32、eally, really well documented now, it’s something called comprehensible input and there’s twenty or thirty years of research on this, stephen krashen, a leader in the field has published all sorts of these different studies and this is just from one of them. the purple bars show the scor

33、es on different tests for language. the purple people were people who had learned by grammar and formal study, the green ones are the ones who learned by comprehensible input. so, comprehension works. comprehension is key and language learning is not about accumulating lots of knowledge. in many, many ways it’s about physi