全国职称英语理工类A级真题及答案解析.docx

1、全国职称英语理工类A级真题及答案解析2011年全国职称英语理工类（A级）真题及答案解析第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1.I cant put up with my neighbors noise any longer，itS driving me mad. A.tolerate B.generate C.reduce D.mensure 2.Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people

2、living alone. A.equal B.immediate C.moderate D.great 3.He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. A.bright B.unclear C.general D.bad 4.I want to provide my boys with a decent education. A.special B.private C.general D.good 5.Sleep stairs can present a particular hazard to ol

3、der people. A.picture B.danger C.evidence D.case 6.Our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. A.doubt B.relief C.failure D.confusion 7.Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment. A.love B.surprise C.anger D.doubt 8.Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. A

4、.energetic B.free C.physical D.regular 9.I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. A.boring B.original C.humorous D.long 10.Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. A.attract B.spend C.encourage D.require 11.He demolished my argument in minutes. A.supported

5、 B.disproved C.disputed D.accepted 12.The two banks have announced plans to merge next year. A.close B.sell C.break D.combine 13.Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A.polite B.usual C.bad D.similar 14.The project required ten years of diligent research. A.hardworking B.social C.basic D

6、.scientific 15.He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. A.necessary B.terrible C.critical D.normal 第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C. California Gives Green Light to Space Solar Power Energy beamed down from space

7、is one step closer to reality，now that California has given the green light to an agreement that would see the Pacific Gas and Electric Company buy 200 megawatt （兆瓦）of power beamed down from solar-power satellites beginning in 2016.But some major chal lenges will have to be overcomed if the technolo

8、gy is to be used widely. A start-up company called Solaren is designing the satellites，which it says will use radio waves to beam energy down to a receiving station on Earth. The attraction of collecting solar power in space is the almost uninterrupted sunshine available in eosynchronous（与地球同步的）orbi

9、t.Earth-based solar cells，by contrast，can only collect sun. Light during daytime and when skies are clear. But space-based solar power must grapple（努力克服）with the high cost per kilogram of launching things into space，says Richard Schwartz of Purdue University in West Lafayette，Indiana， If youre talki

10、ng about it being economically viable or power of the Earth，its a tough go.he says. Cal Boerman，Solarens director of energy services，says the company designed its satellites with a view to keeping launch costs down.We knew we had to come up with a different，revolu-tionary design，he says.A patent the

11、 company has won describes ways to reduce the systemSweight，including using inflatable minors to focus sunlight on solar cells，so a smaller number cancollect the same amount of energy. But using minors introduces other chaHenges，including keeping the solar cells from overhea-ting，says Schwartz.You h

12、ave to take care of heat dissipation（散发）because youre now concen-trating a lot of energy in one place，he says.According to the companys patent，Solarens solarcells will be connected to radiators to help keep them cool. Though Boerman says the company believes it can make space-based solar power work，

13、it is notexpecting to crowd out other forms of renewable energy.Laws in California and other states requireincreasing use of renewable energy in coming years，he points out.To meet those needs，were go-ing to need all types of renewable energy sources，he says. 16.Solar-power satellites will use radio

14、waves to beam energy down from space. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 17.Solaren is going to design 200 solar-power satellites. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 18.Space-based solar cells could collect solar power only when skies are clear. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 19.One advantage of space-ba

15、sed solar power system is that it is economical. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 20.Inflatable minors are used to reduce the space-based solar power system. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 21.Space-based solar power will rule out other forms of renewable energy sources. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mention

16、ed 22.Many countries will grant permission for the use of spaced-based solar power soon. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务： （1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题； （2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Natural Gas 1 Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep

17、beneath the earths surface.It is a fossil fuel （矿物质燃料），meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of yearsago.The main component of natural gas is methane（甲烷）。 2 The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as pipeli

18、ne infrastructure（基础设施）has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial customers worldwide.Today，natural gas serviceis available in all 50 states in the U.S.，and is the leading energy choice for fueling Americanhomes and idustries.M

19、ore than 65 million American homes use natural gas.In fact，natural gas isthe most economical source for home energy needs，costing one-third as much as electricity.In addi-tion to heating homes，much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manu-facture a wide variety of produ

20、cts，from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for heahhcare，con-puting and furnishings.Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants. 3 Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available.It emits less pollution than oth-er fossil fuel sour

21、ces.When natural gas is burned，it produces mostly carbon dioxide（二氧化碳） and water vapor-the same substances emitted when humans exhale.Compared with some other fos-sil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted（燃烧）， making natural gas the cleanest burning f

22、ossil fuel of a11. 4 The United States consumes about one-third of the worldS natural gas output，making it the largest gas-consuming region in the world.The U.S.Department of EnergyS Energy Information Ad-ministration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025. 5 The

23、re are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earths surface.The largest reserves of natural gas can be found in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle East.LNG（液化天然气）has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades. Today，the leading importes of LNG

24、 are Japan，Korea，France and Spain. 23.Paragraph 2_. 24.Paragraph 3_. 25.Paragraph 4_. 26.Paragraph 5_. A.Popularity and use of natural gas B.Natural gas reserves and supply C.Natural gas prices D.Clean fuel of choice E.Disadvantages of natural gas F.Natural gas consumption 27.Natural gas is stored d

25、eep_. 28.Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source_. 29.When manufacturing many products，people commonly use natural gas_. 30.It is estimated that by 2025 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase_. A.over the past 50 years B.beneath the earth surface C.by more

26、than 50 percent D.for more than four decades E.as a raw material F.for home energy needs 第4部分：阅读理解（第3l45题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇 How the First Stars in the Universe Came into Existence How the first stars formed from this dust and gas has been a burning question for ye

27、ars，but a state-of-the-art computer simulation now offers the most detailed picture yet of how these first stars in the universe came into existence，researchers say. The composition of the early universe was quite different from that of today，and the physics that governed the early universe were als

28、o somewhat simpler.Dr.Naoki Yoshida and colleagues in Japan and the U.S.incorporated these conditions of the early universe，sometimes referred to as the cosmic dark ages，to simulate the formation of an astronomical object that would eventually shine its light into this darkness. The result is a deta

29、iled description of the formation of a protostar-the early stage of a massive primordial star of our universe，and the researcherscomputer simulation，which has been called a cosmic Rosetta Stone.sets the bar for further investigation into the star formation process.The question of how the first stars

30、 evolved is so important because their formations and eventual explo-sions provided the seeds for subsequent stars to come into being. According to their simulation，gravity acted on minute density variations in matter，gases，and the mysteriousdark matterof the universe after the Big Bang in order to form this early stage of a star-a protostar with a mass of just one percent of our sun.The simulation reveals how pre-stellar gases would have actually evolved under the simpler physics of the early universe to form this protostar. Dr.Yoshidas simulation also shows that