信息安全DES加密.docx

1、信息安全DES加密信息安全 IntroductiontoNetworkandSecurity用DES加密解密算法实现通信加密 姓 名： 张梦露 学 号： 20125328 专业班级： 网络3班 学 院： 信息学院 2014年11月24日一、DES算法的实现二、运行过程及结果三、源代码四 、实验体会 一、DES算法的实现1DES简介由1971年美国学者塔奇曼（Tuchman）和麦耶（Meyer）根据信息论创始人香农（Shannon）提出的“多重加密有效性理论”创立的，后于1977年由美国国家标准局颁布的数据加密标准。DES密码实际上是Lucifer密码的进一步发展。它是一种采用传统加密方法的区组

2、密码。它的算法是对称的，既可用于加密又可用于解密。DES算法的入口参数有三个：Key、Data、Mode。其中Key为8个字节共64位，是DES算法的工作密钥；Data也为8个字节64位，是要被加密或被解密的数据；Mode为DES的工作方式，有两种：加密或解密。DES算法是这样工作的：如Mode为加密，则用Key去把数据Data进行加密，生成Data的密码形式（64位）作为DES的输出结果；如Mode为解密，则用Key去把密码形式的数据Data解密，还原为Data的明码形式（64位）作为DES的输出结果。在通信网络的两端，双方约定一致的Key，在通信的源点用Key对核心数据进行DES加密，然后

3、以密码形式在公共通信网（如电话网）中传输到通信网络的终点，数据到达目的地后，用同样的Key对密码数据进行解密，便再现了明码形式的核心数据。这样，便保证了核心数据（如PIN、MAC等）在公共通信网中传输的安全性和可靠性。通过定期在通信网络的源端和目的端同时改用新的Key，便能更进一步提高数据的保密性，这正是现在金融交易网络的流行做法。2DES算法详述DES算法把64位的明文输入块变为64位的密文输出块，它所使用的密钥也是64位,其功能是把输入的64位数据块按位重新组合，并把输出分为L0、R0两部分，每部分各长32位，其置换规则见下表： 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1,

4、58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36, 63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4L0、R0则是换位输出后的两部分，L0是输出的左32位，R0是右32位，例：设置换前的输入值为D1D2D3D64，则经过初始置换后的结果为：L0=D550D8；R0=D57D49.D7。经过26次迭代运算后，得到L16、R16，将此

5、作为输入，进行逆置换，即得到密文输出。逆置换正好是初始置的逆运算，其逆置换规则如下表所示： 14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5, 3, 28, 15, 6, 21, 10, 23, 19, 12, 4, 26, 8, 16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2, 41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55, 30, 40, 51, 45, 33, 48, 44, 49, 39, 56, 34, 53, 46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32放大换位表 32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 12, 13,

6、 14, 15, 16, 17, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1 单纯换位表 16, 7, 20, 21, 29, 12, 28, 17, 1, 15, 23, 26, 5, 18, 31, 10, 2, 8, 24, 4, 32, 27, 3, 9, 19, 13, 30, 6, 22, 11, 4, 25,在f(Ri,Ki)算法描述图中，S1,S2.S8为选择函数，其功能是把6bit数据变为4bit数据。下面给出选择函数Si(i=1,2

7、.8)的功能表：选择函数SiS1:14,4,13,1,2,15,11,8,3,10,6,12,5,9,0,7,0,15,7,4,14,2,13,1,10,6,12,11,9,5,3,8,4,1,14,8,13,6,2,11,15,12,9,7,3,10,5,0,15,12,8,2,4,9,1,7,5,11,3,14,10,0,6,13,S2:15,1,8,14,6,11,3,4,9,7,2,13,12,0,5,10,3,13,4,7,15,2,8,14,12,0,1,10,6,9,11,5,0,14,7,11,10,4,13,1,5,8,12,6,9,3,2,15,13,8,10,1,3,15

8、,4,2,11,6,7,12,0,5,14,9,S3:10,0,9,14,6,3,15,5,1,13,12,7,11,4,2,8,13,7,0,9,3,4,6,10,2,8,5,14,12,11,15,1,13,6,4,9,8,15,3,0,11,1,2,12,5,10,14,7,1,10,13,0,6,9,8,7,4,15,14,3,11,5,2,12,S4:7,13,14,3,0,6,9,10,1,2,8,5,11,12,4,15,13,8,11,5,6,15,0,3,4,7,2,12,1,10,14,9,10,6,9,0,12,11,7,13,15,1,3,14,5,2,8,4,3,15

9、,0,6,10,1,13,8,9,4,5,11,12,7,2,14,S5:2,12,4,1,7,10,11,6,8,5,3,15,13,0,14,9,14,11,2,12,4,7,13,1,5,0,15,10,3,9,8,6,4,2,1,11,10,13,7,8,15,9,12,5,6,3,0,14,11,8,12,7,1,14,2,13,6,15,0,9,10,4,5,3,S6:12,1,10,15,9,2,6,8,0,13,3,4,14,7,5,11,10,15,4,2,7,12,9,5,6,1,13,14,0,11,3,8,9,14,15,5,2,8,12,3,7,0,4,10,1,13

10、,11,6,4,3,2,12,9,5,15,10,11,14,1,7,6,0,8,13,S7:4,11,2,14,15,0,8,13,3,12,9,7,5,10,6,1,13,0,11,7,4,9,1,10,14,3,5,12,2,15,8,6,1,4,11,13,12,3,7,14,10,15,6,8,0,5,9,2,6,11,13,8,1,4,10,7,9,5,0,15,14,2,3,12,S8:13,2,8,4,6,15,11,1,10,9,3,14,5,0,12,7,1,15,13,8,10,3,7,4,12,5,6,11,0,14,9,2,7,11,4,1,9,12,14,2,0,6

11、,10,13,15,3,5,8,2,1,14,7,4,10,8,13,15,12,9,0,3,5,6,11,3子密钥Ki(48bit)的生成算法初始Key值为64位，但DES算法规定，其中第8、16、.64位是奇偶校验位，不参与DES运算。故Key实际可用位数便只有56位。即：经过缩小选择换位表1的变换后，Key的位数由64位变成了56位，此56位分为C0、D0两部分，各28位，然后分别进行第1次循环左移，得到C1、D1，将C1（28位）、D1（28位）合并得到56位，再经过缩小选择换位2，从而便得到了密钥K0（48位）。依此类推，便可得到K1、K2、.、K15，不过需要注意的是，16次循环左

12、移对应的左移位数要依据下述规则进行：循环左移位数1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1以上介绍了DES算法的加密过程。DES算法的解密过程是一样的，区别仅仅在于第一次迭代时用子密钥K15，第二次K14、，最后一次用K0，算法本身并没有任何变化。二：运行过程及结果1.加密过程代码： cin.getline(SendBuffer, sizeof(SendBuffer); Des_SetKey ( key ); memset ( msgbuffer, 0, sizeof ( msgbuffer ) ); Des_Run ( msgbuffer, SendBuffer, ENC

13、RYPT ); printf ( After encrypting（加密后）: ); printHex ( msgbuffer, 8 );服务器运行结果：客户端运行结果：2.解密过程代码：Des_SetKey ( key ); /printf ( After decrypting: ); Des_Run ( msgbuffer, RecvBuffer, DECRYPT ); / puts ( msgbuffer); cout接收到服务器信息为:msgbufferendl;服务器运行结果：客户端运行结果：最终结果展示：在界面上只显示明文，不显示加密后的密文。服务器运行结果：客户端运行结果：三、源

14、代码:服务器端代码：#include #include #include #include #include #define ENCRYPT 1#define DECRYPT 0#pragma comment(lib, WS2_32) / 链接到WS2_32.lib using namespace std;#define PORT 4000#define IP_ADDRESS 127.0.0.1static void printHex ( char *cmd, int len );static void printArray ( const char *In, int len );static

15、 void F_func ( bool In32, const bool Ki48 ); / f函数static void S_func ( bool Out32, const bool In48 ); / S盒代替 static void Transform ( bool *Out, bool *In, const char *Table, int len ); / 变换static void Xor ( bool *InA, const bool *InB, int len ); / 异或static void RotateL ( bool *In, int len, int loop )

16、; / 循环左移static void ByteToBit ( bool *Out, const char *In, int bits ); / 字节组转换成位组static void BitToByte ( char *Out, const bool *In, int bits ); / 位组转换成字节组static bool SubKey1648;void Des_SetKey ( const char Key8 ); /生成子密钥void Des_Run ( char Out8, char In8, bool Type ); /DES算法/ 64位经过PC1转换为56位 (PC-1)co

17、nst static char PC1_Table56 = 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36, 63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4; / 左移const static char LOOP_Table16 = 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2,

18、 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1; / 排列选择 2 (PC-2)const static char PC2_Table48 = 14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5, 3, 28, 15, 6, 21, 10, 23, 19, 12, 4, 26, 8, 16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2, 41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55, 30, 40, 51, 45, 33, 48, 44, 49, 39, 56, 34, 53, 46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32; / Ri_1（32位）经过变换E后膨胀为48位 (E) void F_fun

19、cstatic const char E_Table48 = 32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1; / 8个4比特合并为32比特的排列 Pconst static char P_Table32 = 16, 7, 20, 21, 29, 12, 28, 17, 1, 15, 23,

20、26, 5, 18, 31, 10, 2, 8, 24, 14, 32, 27, 3, 9, 19, 13, 30, 6, 22, 11, 4, 25,; / 经过S盒 S-boxesconst static char S_Box8416 = / S1 14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7 , 0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8 , 4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0 , 15, 12,

21、8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13 , / S2 15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10 , 3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5 , 0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15 , 13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9 , / S3 10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15,

22、 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8 , 13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1 , 13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7 , 1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12 , / S4 7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15 , 13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1,

23、10, 14, 9 , 10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4 , 3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14 , / S5 2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9 , 14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6 , 4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14 , 11, 8, 1

24、2, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3 , / S6 12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11 , 10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8 , 9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6 , 4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13 , / S7 4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8,

25、 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1 , 13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6 , 1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2 , 6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12 , / S8 13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7 , 1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0,

26、 14, 9, 2 , 7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8 , 2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11 ; / 初始排列 (IP)const static char IP_Table64 = 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6, 64, 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8, 57, 49, 41,

27、33, 25, 17, 9, 1, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7; / L16与R16合并后经过IP_1的最终排列 (IP*-1)const static char IPR_Table64 = 40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32, 39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31, 38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30, 37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29, 36

28、, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28, 35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27, 34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26, 33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25;void Des_SetKey ( const char Key8 ) int i; static bool K64, *KL = &K0, *KR = &K28; ByteToBit ( K, Key, 64 ); /转换为二进制 Transform ( K, K, PC1_Table, 56 ); /64比特的密钥K，经过PC-1后，生成56比特的串。

29、/生成16个子密钥 for ( i=0; i16; i+ ) /循环左移，合并 RotateL ( KL, 28, LOOP_Tablei ); RotateL ( KR, 28, LOOP_Tablei ); Transform ( SubKeyi, K, PC2_Table, 48 ); void Des_Run ( char Out8, char In8, bool Type ) int i; static bool M64, tmp32, *Li = &M0, *Ri = &M32; /转换为64位的数据块 ByteToBit ( M, In, 64 ); /IP置换 （初始） Transform ( M, M, IP_Table, 64 ); if ( Type = ENCRYPT ) for ( i=0; i=0; i- ) memcpy ( tmp, Li, 32 ); F_func