最新对外经贸大学考研国贸专业历年考研试题集.docx

1、最新对外经贸大学考研国贸专业历年考研试题集对外经贸大学考研国贸专业历年考研试题集对外经贸大学考研国贸专业历年考研试题集(2007-04-12 14:31:53)转载2004年国际贸易学综合试题一.判断（每题1分，共5分）1、在均衡的国民收入水平上，非计划存货投资必须等于零，且计划投资与实际投资必须相等。（）2、当政府对某一行业的产品实施最低限价政策时，通常会导致该行业单位供给减少，市场需求增加。（）3、根据国际商会2000年通则的规定，如果买方想采取铁路运输，愿意办理进出口清关手续并承担其中的费用，买方可以采用FCA贸易术语。（）4、根据国际惯例，保兑行审核单据无误而付款后，若开证行倒闭或无理

2、拒付，则保兑行有权向受益人索要货款。（）5、2002年8月国际货币基金组织有关数据表明，中国是2001年黄金储备增长最多的国家。（）二.单项选择 （每题1分，共5分）1、垄断厂商面对两个相互独立、需求弹性不同的市场时，为获取最大利润，厂商应该实?br / （）。A、同一价格 B、一级价格歧视 C、二级价格歧视D、三级价格歧视2、厂商对要素的需求取决于（）。A、要素的边际生产力 B、产品的价格 C、要素的平均产量D、要素的供给量3、一切险与水渍险各项保险责任的不同之处在于（）的赔偿。A、自然灾害所造成的单独海损B、意外事故所造成的全部或部分损失C、一般外来原因所造成的损失D、特殊外来原因所造成的

3、损失4、下列哪一项属于国际收支的长期性不平衡：（）。A、结构性不平衡B、收入性不平衡 C、周期性不平衡D、货币性不平衡5、下列属于三级储备资产的有（）。A、活期存款 B、短期存款C、黄鸫?nbsp; D、普通提款权三、多项选择（每题2分，共10分）1、对于生产函数Qf（L，K）和成本方程Cw*L+r*K来说，在最优的生产要素组合点上应该有（）。A、等产量曲线和等成本线相切B、MRTS(lk)=w/rC、MRTS(lk)=-K/L=MP(K)/MP(L)D、MP(L)/w=MP(K)/r2、按UCP500规定，除非另有约定，卖方不得提交（）。A、舱面提单B、已装船提单C、清洁提单D、不清洁提单E

4、、指示提单3、一项合同成立的有效条件包括（）。A、当事人必须具有签订合同的行为能力B、合同必须有对价或约因C、合同的内容必须合法D、合同必须符合法律规定的形式E、合同当事人的意思必须真实4、在下列IMF贷款类型中，属于普通贷款的是（）。A、缓冲库存贷款B、中期贷款C、信托基金贷款D、补充贷款5、下列能在合同有效期任何一天交割的有（）。A、欧式期权B、美式期权C、择期D、远期合同四、名词解释（每题4分，共16分）1、经济增长的黄金分割率2、纳什均衡3、一价定律4、寄售五、简述（每题10分，共30分）1、新凯恩思主义是如何结实价格和工资粘性的？由此提出的经济稳定政策是什么？2、简述产业内贸易说的核

5、心内容3、特里芬两难为何构成布雷顿森林体系的致命缺陷？六、论述与分析题（第1、2题每题10分，第3题14分，共34分）1、美国对包括钢铁、汽车及纺织品在内的许多产品实行配额。经济学家们估算通过拍卖配额权，美国财政部门每年至少获得100亿美元的收入，假定美国的服装市场在无贸易的条件下，国内的服装均衡价格为8美元/1单位，交易数量为200单位。而服装的世界市场价格为4美元/1单位，美国在自由贸易条件下，美国的服装价格降至4美元，国内生产者只供给100单位，需进口200单位才能满足国内的需求。现假定美国政府的服装配额为100单位，并将配额按一年的进口量分配给各进口国，请图示美国的服装配额进行分析：（

6、1）美国的服装交易量和价格是多少？（2）配额导致的效率损失是多少？（3）拍卖配额权会带来什么影响？2、我某进出口公司于5月15日向外商A发盘并限其18日复到我方。A于16日上午10时向当地邮局交发关于接受我方发盘的电报。但由于当地邮局工人罢工，该电报在传递途中延误到22日才送达我方。我公司认为对方答复逾期，未予置理，并将货物以较高价格售予外商B。5月25日，A来电称：信用证已经开出，要求我方尽早出运货物。我方立即复电A，声明接受到达过晚，双方并不存在合同关系。因此，双方发生争执。试根据联合国国际货物销售合同公约的有关规定，分析双方孰是孰非？并说明理由。3、试析战略性外购（strategic o

7、utsourcing）的合理性。七、专业英语（每题25分，共50分）1、The Taylor Rule:Could a Robot Replace Alan Greenspan?Macroeconomist John Taylor of Stanford University Calls for aNew Monetary Rule That Would Institutionalize Appropriate FedPolicy Responses to Changes in Real Output and Inflation.In our discussion of rules versu

8、s discretion, “rules” were associated with apassive monetary policy-one in which the monetary rule required that the Fedexpand the money supplyai a fixed annual rate regardless of the state of theeconomy.“Discretion”on the other hand, was associated with an active monetarypolicy in which the Fed cha

9、nged the interest rate in response to actual oranticipated changes in the economy.Economist John Taylor has put a new twist on the rule-versus-discretion debateby suggesting a hybrid policy rule that dictates the precise active monetaryactions the Fed should take when changes in the economy occur.Th

10、is so-calledTaylor rule combines traditional monetarism, with its emphasis on a monetaryrule, and the more mainstream view that active monetary policy is a useful toolfor taming inflation and limiting recession. Unlike the Friedman monetary rule,the Taylor rule holds, for example, that monetary poli

11、cy should respond tochanges in both real GDP and inflation, not simply inflation. The key adjustmentis the interest rate, not the money supply.The Taylor rule has three parts: If real GDP rises 1 percent above potential GDP, the Fed should raise theFederal Funds rate(the interbank rate of overnight

12、loans),relative to thecurrent inflation rate, by .5 percent. If inflation rises by 1 percent above its target of 2 percent, then the Fedshould raise the Federal funds rate by .5 percent relative to the inflationrate. When the real GDP is equal to potential GDP and inflation is equal to itstarget rat

13、e of 2 percent, the Federal funds rate remain at about 4 percent,which would imply a real interest rate of 2 percent.Taylor has nerther suggested nor implied that a robot, programmed with theTaylor rule, should replace Alan Greenspan,chairman of the Federal ReserveSystem.The Feds discretion to overr

14、ide the rule(or “contingency plan forpolicy”)would be retained,but the Fed would renove the “mystery”associatedwith monetary policy and increase he Feds accountability.Also,says Taylor, ifused consistently, the rule would enable market participants to predice Fedbehavior, and this would increase Fed

15、 credibility and reduce uncertainty.Critics of the Taylor rule admit it is more in tune with countercyclical Fedpolicy than with Friedmans simple monetary rule. But they bo reason to limitthe Feds discretion in adjusting interest rates as it sees fit to achievestabilization and growth.Monetary polic

16、y may be more art than science. Thecritics also point our that the Fed has done a remarkable job of promotingprice stability, full employment, and economic growth over the past decade.In view of this succes, they ask,“Why saddle the Fed with a highly mechanicalmonetary rule?”2、Petition of the Candle

17、makers, 1845French Economist Fredric Bastiat(1801-1850) Devastated theProponents of Prorectionism by Satircally Extending theirReasoning to Its Logical and Abusurd Conclusions.Petitogogo,Candlesticks,Street Lamps,Snuffers,Extinguishers,and of the Prodecers of Oil Tallow,Rosin,Alcohol,and,Generally,o

18、f Everything Connected with Lighting.TO MESSIEURS THE MEMBERS OF THE CHAMBER OF DEPUTIESGentlemen-You are on the right road.You rreject abstract theories,and havelittle consideration for cheapness and plenty,You chief care is the interest ofproducer.You desire to emancipate him from external conpeti

19、tion, and reserve thenational market for national industry.We are abour to offer you an admirable opportunity of applying your-what shallwe call it?No;nothing is more deceptive than theory;your doctrine?your system?your principle?but you dislike doctrines,you abhor systems,and as principles,youdeny

20、that there are any in social economy:we shall say,then,your practice,yourpractice without theory and wothour principle.We are suffering from the intolerable competition of a foreign ribal,palced,itwould seem,in a condition so far superior to ours for the prodection fo light,that the absolutely inund

21、ates our national market with it at a price fabulouslyreduced.The moment he shows himself,our trade leaves us-all consumer apply tohim;and a branch of native industry,having countless ramifications,is all atonce rendered completely stagnant.This rival.is no other than the Sun.What we pray for is,tha

22、t is mat please you to pass a law ordering the shuttlingup all of windows,skylights,dormer windows,outside and inside shutters,curtains,blinds,bulls-eyes;in a word,of all openings,holes,chinks,clefts,and fissures,byor thought which the light of the sun has been in ues to enter houses,to theprejudice

23、 of the meritorious magogo wehave accommodated our country,-a country which,in gratitude,ought not toabandon us now to a strife so unequal.If more tallow is consumed,then there must be more oxen and sheep;andconsequently,we shall be hold the multiplication of artificial meadows,meat,wool,hides,and,a

24、bove all,manure,which is the basis and foundation of allagricultural wealth.The same remark applies to navigation.Thousand of vessels will proceed to the whale fishery;and,in a short time,we shall possess a navy capable of maintainingthe honor of France,and gratifying the patriotic aspirations of yo

25、ur petitioners,the undersigned candlemankers and others.Only have the goodness th relfect,Gentlemen,and you will be convinced that thereis perhaps,no Frenchman,from the wealth coalmaster to humblest vender of lucifermatches,whose lot will be ameliorater by success of this our petition.2003年国际贸易学综合试题

26、一、填空（每空1.5分，共9分）1、商品的边际替代率是指，在（）不变的前提下，每增加一单位的某种商品而需要减少的另一种商品的数量。2、哈罗德认为一个国家的经济增长率取决于（）和（）。3、正常关税一般是指（）。4、一国持有国家储备的成本指（）与利息之差。5、IMF会员国的投票权主要取决于他们的（）。二、判断下列各题的叙述是否正确，正确的划勾，错误的划差。（每小题1.5分，共9分）1、垄断厂商在实现短期均衡时，可能会出现亏损，即经济利润为负。2、国民经济中只要有摩擦性事业或资源性事业存在，就不能说经济实现了充分就业。3、按照国际商会制定的2000通则中的D组贸易术语成交的合同均属于到达合同（Arr

27、ival Contract），在这类合同下，卖方均无办理货运保险的义务。4、WTO海关估价协议规定了六种海关估价的办法，它们是进口商品的成交价格、相同商品的成交价格、类似商品的成交价格、倒扣法、计算价格法和合理办法。5、2002年6月经中国人民银行批准，渣打银行成为首家获准向中国内地居民和企业提供外币服务的外资银行。6、择期是一种可以放弃合约履行的外汇业务。三、单项选择题（每题1.5分，共6分）1、在垄断厂商的长期均衡产量上可以有：A 、P LACB、 P IB、DX+DIID、SX+SII四、多项选择题（每题2.5分，共10分）1、下列哪些项目可计入GDP：A、政府转移支付B、购买一辆新的载

28、重卡车C、购买一辆新的载重卡车模型玩具D、购买一块地产2、出口管制的商品主要包括：A、战略物资及其有关的先进技术资料，如武器，军事设备等B、对国内生产所需的原材料、半成品及国内市场供应不足的某些必需品C、密集使用本国丰裕生产要素的产品D、某些重要的文物、艺术品、黄金、白银等特殊品3、根据国际惯例，下列有关可转让信用证的说明中，正确的是：A、可转让信用证的受益人可以将信用证金额转让给一个或一个以上的人使用B、可转让信用证的转让以一次为限，因此只有第一和第二受益人没有第三受益人C、可转让信用证中必须注明可转让（Transferable）字样，否则不能转让D、可转让信用证的第二受益人因故不能履约时，也不能将信用证转回给第一受益人4、套汇的主要方式有：A、两角套汇B、三角套汇C、套利D、套期保值五、简单准确解释下列名词（每题4分，共16分）1、局部均衡和一般均衡2、机会成本3、技术性贸易壁垒4、根本性违约六、论述与分析题（第1题10分，第2、3题各15分，第4题10分，共50分）1、国际储备管理的原则和内容是什么？2、如何理解经济全球化条件下各国贸易政策的竞争与协调关系。3、假定某一化工厂生产的产品需求