高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit19.docx

1、高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit19高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit19-20重点句型1. She dressed herself as a lawyers clerk.2. I offer you six times what you have just offered.3. I never knew so young a body with so wise a head.4. You shall get justice.5. Its silly of sb. to do sth.6. He has no choice but to cry.7. Id come to i

2、f 1 had time to spare.8. I offer ten times the money that Antonio has borrowed.9. It is not yet known how these were conveyed over a dis- tance of 380 kilometres.10. In terms of technical development, people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age.重点词汇1. merchant n. 商人2. deny v. 否定3. enemy n

3、. 敌人4. reasonable adj. 合乎情理的5. weakness n. 弱点6. judgement n. 判断7. gentleman n. 绅士8. greeting n. 问候9. envy vt. & n. 嫉妒10. accuse vt. 指控11. fortune n. 机会12. bargain n. & adj. 讨价还价(的)13. bless vt. 保佑14. legal adj. 法定的15. deed n. 行动16. requirement n. 需要17. declare vt. 宣布18. court n. 法庭19. justice n. 公正2

4、0. therefore adv. 因此21. worthy adj. 值得的22. mercy n. 仁慈23. punish vt. 惩罚24. order vt. & n. 命令25. emperor n. 皇帝26. clothing n. 衣服27. dozen n. (一) 打28. spare adj. 额外的 vt. 腾出29. average adj. 平均的30. accompany vt. 陪伴31. quality n. 数量32. square adj. 平方的 n. 广场重点短语1. pay back 偿还2. have mercy on 对表示怜悯3. at th

5、e mercy of 任由摆布4. go about 着手干5. as far as I know 就我所知6. tear up 撕毁7. go down on ones knees 跪下8. tend to 趋于9. in terms of 就而言10. in the eyes of 在看来11. 1end a hand 帮助12. serve as 作为13. may / might as well do sth. 还是做某事好14. be seated 就座15. take sb. in one s arms 拥抱某人16. have a hand in 插手短语闯关下列短语都是这两个单

6、元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词，每个词4分，80分才能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?1. pay _ 偿还；报答2. have mercy _ 对表示怜悯3. go _ 开始做；着手干4. as _ as I know 就我所知5. tear _ 撕毁；取消(合同等)6. _ the mercy of任由摆布或控制7. go down _ ones knees 跪下8. tend _ 朝某方向；趋于9. _ terms of 就而言；用的话；以的观点10. in the _ of在看来11. lend a _ 帮助12. serve _ 作为

7、；当作13. dig _ 挖出；掘起14. have a _ in 参与；插手；对某事负部分责任15. remind sb _ sth 使某人想起；提醒16. have sb _ your power 使某人在你的控制下17. date to (=date from) 追溯到18. take _ 发生19. be _ 坐下20. cut _ 切断；割掉；剪掉21. offer _ 奉献；献出；献上22. take _ 拿走；拿开23. send _ 让走开24. _ least反正；无论如何；至少25. link. 把和联系起来交际用语1. Correct me if Im wrong, bu

8、t .2. One of the most important facts is .3. As far as I know .4, You shouldnt forget that .5. You could, for example6. What shouldnt be forgotten is .7. I wonder what I who .8. Id like to know more about ,.9. What Id really like to find out is .10. I m curious about .单词聚焦13. accompany vt.1) 陪伴 She

9、accompanied me to the doctors. / The minister was accompanied by his secretary to the hospital.2) 伴随 Lightning usually accompanies thunder.3) 伴奏 The well-known singer W&S accompanied at the electrical organ by his school teacher.7. bargain1) bargain n. 交易，合同交易；协议；廉价买到的东西A bargains a bargain. / He ma

10、de a bargain with his wife You take care of the children and Ill cook. / This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price. / Its a real bargain.2) bargain vi. (常与with，for连用) 讲价；谈条件 If you bargain with them they might reduce the price, she bargain- ed with the trader till he sold her the fruit cheap

11、ly.比较charge n. 费用，价钱；v. 要价，收费 charge sb some money for (doing) sth. 因做某事向人索价此外，charge还可作“看管，负责”解。take charge (of sb. / sth.) 照管，管理in charge (of sb. / sth.) 照管，管理in the charge of sb. 在的管理之下Who is in charge here? = Who takes charge here?This project is in the charge of Mr. Smith.11. dozendozen n. pl.

12、(dozen，dozens) (作为实数及用作定语时，复数不加“s”) 一打，十二个 (pl. dozens) 若干；几十；许多 several dozen exercise-books 几打练习本 / some dozen (of) people 约十二个人 / some dozens of people 几十个人 / pack pencils in dozens 按打包装铅笔习惯用语：by the dozen 按打计算 / Ive bought a dozen eggs for dinner tonight. / The institute has dozens of telescopes

13、 through which we can observe the satellites tra- velling in space.3. envy嫉妒；羡慕(1) vt. Better be envied than pitied. 宁可让人妒忌，不要让人怜悯。/ I envy him his success. 我很羡慕(嫉妒)他的成功。(2) n. They only say such unkind things about you out ofenvy. 他们纯粹出于忌妒才说你这些坏话。/ He was filled with envy at my success. 他十分羡慕(嫉妒)我的

14、成功。搭配： feel envy at. 对感到嫉妒 out of envy 出于嫉妒羡慕 envy sb 嫉妒羡慕某人 envy sb sth = envy ones sth 嫉妒羡慕某人某事I dont envy you your journey in this bad weather. 我并不羡慕你在这种坏天气去旅行。【考例1】I bought a new type of cellphone, which was the _ of all my classmates.A. admire B. wish C. respect D. envy考查目标 考查词语在具体语境中的用法。答案与解析D

15、 .is the envy of sb. 意为“是某人所羡慕的”。【考点lO】expect 的用法构词： expectation n. C；U 预料；预期；期待；期望；盼望 unexpected adj. 未预料到的句型： expect that clause 以为；认为；期望 expect to do sth 期望干某事 expect sb to do sth 期待某人做某事 sb didnt expect sb to do sth 没料到某人会干某事 expect so / not料想如此不会如此 .as / than (sb) expected 如预料比预料更 as is / was /

16、 might be expected；as might have been expected果然；不出所料；正如所料 had expected to do sth 表示“本希望(本想)，但未实现”。 beyond (ones) expectation 出乎(某人)意料；料想不到；较预期的更大好辨析：desire；expect；hope；want；wish该组词均可表达愿望，但：expect表示“期待。期望，盼望”，有把握，有根据地认为某事将要发生或期待某事的发生，着重相信或认为有客观可能。hope表示想做某事或期望出现某种有利的结果，隐含这种希望可以实现，意为“希望于某事”。want为普通口语

17、用词，指对满足某种实际需要的渴求。wish表示一种心愿和渴望，渴望的程度比desire弱，或表示一种不能实现的愿望，也用来表示对人的祝福。desire既可作动词。也可作名词。最正式、严肃，强调感情的强烈和热切，强调“主观愿望的热切性”，含有“强烈希望做某事”的意思。例如：He desires a college education. 他想受大学教育。/ I expect that well succeed this time. 我想这次我们一定会成功。/ I hope everything goes well with your work. 祝你工作如意，事事顺心。/ I dont want

18、your child to be spoiled. 我不愿你的孩子被宠坏。/ I wish I had tried more things at college. 我以前读大学时，若能多尝试一些事情多好。/ How I wish I could buy a house like that. 啊，假如我能买一栋那样的房子该多好。友情提示：expect表示“期待，期望，盼望”，有把握、有根据地认为某事将要发生或期待某事的发生，着重相信或认为有客观可能。【考例10】(2004北京春招) I arrived late; I _ the road to be so icy.A. wouldnt expe

19、ct B. havent expectedC. hadnt expected D. wasnt expecting考查目标考查expect的时态所表示的含义。答案与解析C I hadnt expected 表示“我当时没有意料到”，与过去的事实情况相反。4. fortune n. 机会；运气make a fortune 发财致富 / push ones fortune 追求名利，努力抬高自己的地位；力图发迹 / run a fortune 冒风险 / seek ones fortune 寻求出路，力图发迹 / try ones fortune 碰运气 He made a considerabl

20、e fortune selling waste materials. 他靠卖废料发了大财。/ Fortune favours the brave.【考点9】hand的用法构词： handshake n. C 握手 handstand n. C手倒立 handtruck n. C手推车 handwriting n. U笔迹，书法 handful n. C (一)把；少数。少量 handkerchief n. C手帕 handbag n. C女用皮包，手提包 搭配： hold out ones hand 伸出手 hold ones hand 握着某人的手 reach (out) for.= rea

21、ch (out) ones hand for.伸手够 raise ones hand(s) = put up ones hand(s)举手 hand down 把传下去发下去 hand in 上交；递交；提交 hand out 分发；发放；散发 hand (over) to. 移交给，拿给(另一个) go hand in hand with 与齐头并进 by hand 手工；用手(区别于用机器等) hand in hand 并进；联合；手拉手；紧密合作 from hand to hand 从一人之手转到他人之手 at hand 在手边；即将到来；即将来临；在近处 a green hand 生手

22、；没有经验的人 a handful of 少量的；一把；很少的 be short of hands 缺人手 give / lend sb a hand (with sth) (在某方面)帮某人一下忙 shake hands with sb = shake ones hand = shake sb by the hand与某人握手 catch / take sb by the hand = catch / take ones hand抓住拉着某人的手 Hands up! 举起手来!(命令)比较：Hands off! 请勿动手!(不要用手摸!) 句型： hand sb. sth = hand st

23、h (on) to sb = hand (on) sth to sb 把交给 on the one hand., on the other hand 一方面，(但)另一方面 (可连用，也可单独使用) (第一个the和第二个hand可以省略) have a hand in (doing) sth 参与；插手；对(干)某事负部分责任【考例9】(2004福建)Its certain that he will _ his business to his son when he gets old.A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over考查目标

24、考查 hand over 的意思。答案与解析C hand over.to sb 把移交给某人。【考点6】hope 的用法构词： hopeful adj. 有希望的；有前途的 hopefully adv. 有希望地 hopeless adj. 没有希望的；不可救药的搭配： in the hope of = in hopes of = hoping 怀着的希望 hope for sth 希望；期待句型： hope to do sth (既表示愿望又表示对此很有把握)希望 hope that clause 希望；预祝 (be) in the hope / hopes of doing sth 希望

25、(be)in the hope / hopes that clause 希望 express the / ones hope to do sth 希望 express the / ones hope that clause 希望 It is hoped that. = Hopefully.人们希望 I hope so. 我希望如此。 I hope not. 我希望没有。(我希望不。) had hoped to do sth 或had hoped that sb would do sth 表示“本希望(本想)，但未实现” There is little / no / not much hope

26、of (doing) sth 干某事的希望不大I s there little / no / not much hope that.? 没有干某事的希望 / 可能吗? Is there any hope of doing sth? Is there any hope that? 有十某事的希望吗?辨析：desire；expect；hope；want：wish (见本讲考点10)友情提示：千万不可使用hope sb to do sth 结构。【考例6】(2004江苏)- You havent lost the ticket, have you?- _. I know its not easy t

27、o get another one at the moment.A. I hope not B. Yes, I haveC. I hope so D. Yes, Im afraid so考查目标考查语境中的交际用语。答案与解析A 根据上下文的语境可以得出答案。1. mercy n. 仁慈、怜悯They showed little mercy to the enemies. 他们对敌人毫不怜悯。/ We were treated with mercy. 人们对待我们很仁慈。have mercy on 对表示怜悯 She was so kind that the showed much mercy

28、 on the poor. 她很仁慈对穷人很怜悯。at the mercy of 任由摆布，受控制 She is at the mercy of her emotions. 她完全受自己感情的支配。【考点2】order 的用法搭配： obey orders 服从命令 in order that 为了；以便 in order to 为了；以便 in order 整齐；按顺序；有条理 out of order 失灵，出故障 take orders from sb = take ones orders 接受命令 send orders to sb 传令给 give an order 下命令 take

29、 / have ones order 请某人点菜 keep order 维持秩序 have orders 奉命句型： order sb. to do sth 命令某人干某事 order sth to be done 命令干某事 order (that) sh / sth (should) + V. 命令干某事 order sb sth 给某人订购某物 in order to do sth; in order that-clause 为了 We used the computer in order to save time. = We used the computer in order tha

30、t we might save time. 我们使用计算机是为了节省时间。 There came an order that.= An order came that. 传来命令 May I take / have your order? 你点菜吗?(饭店服务员用语)辨析：command；direct；order三词均意为“命令”，但command语气较强，多用于正式的场合。direct语气较弱。order语气较强，但比较局限和具体，多用于军事指挥中，接宾语从句时需用虚拟语气。例如：The men did as their officer had commanded. 士兵遵照长官的命令行事。/ The general directed that his men should retreat. 将