akxroha中学生英语学习常见错误一览表.docx

1、akxroha中学生英语学习常见错误一览表、| !_一个人总要走陌生的路，看陌生的风景，听陌生的歌，然后在某个不经意的瞬间，你会发现，原本费尽心机想要忘记的事情真的就这么忘记了. 中学生英语学习常见错误一览表Aa误 I think it is an useful English dictionary. 正 I think it is a useful English dictionary. 析 在不定冠词 a 与 an 的用法中要注意的一点是：an 用在以元音开头的词之前；而 a 则用在以辅音开头的词之前。要特别注意的是以 u 字母打头的单词，如 useful,university 等，其第一

2、个音标是j，所以要特别予以注意。 误 I need a hour to finish this letter. 正 I need an hour to finish this letter. 析 要注意 hour 和 honest 的第一个字母不发音。 误 My teacher is a unknown man, but he is a very good man. 正 My teacher is an unknown man, but he is a very good man. 析 要注意以 u 打头的单词，它的发音为 时，单数名词前要用 an，如 uncle 等。误 There is a

3、“f”in the word“football”. 正 There is an“f”in the word“football”. 析 英文字母单独使用时，如其第一个发音是元音时，其前面的不定冠词应该用 an 而不是 a. 误 I have a little brother. He is a 8 year old boy. 正 I have a little brother. He is an 8 year old boy. 析 要注意这些字母的第一个发音为元音，如 eight, eleven 等。able误 This bike is able to be repaired.正 This bik

4、e can be repaired. 析 be able to 主要表达某事或某人具有某种能力去作某事，应译为“有本领”、“有能力”、“可以”作某事，如：Im able to swim across this river. 而 can 可以用来表示具有接受能力或吸收能力。如：This radio can be repaired here.about误 This class is about to begin just now. 正 This class is about to begin. 析 要注意 be about to 是“将要”的意思，含有将来时之意，不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用。另

5、外，be about to 一般用作书面语，对应的口语是 be going to.about, onabout 与 on 都可以作关于讲，但却有所不同，例如：This book is about physics. 应译为“这是一本关于物理学的科普读物。”而：This book is on physics. 则应译为“这是一本物理学方面的专著。”above误 The temperature is five degrees over zero.正 The temperature is five degrees above zero.析 表达“在上方”时，above 与 over 是可以互换的，如：

6、The sky is above(or over)our heads. 但是要表达在垂直方向上的上方时则应用 above 不可用 over，如：The sun has risen above the horizon.误 There is often thick cloud above the South of China in summer.正 There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer.析 当表达覆盖之意时，只可用 over 而不能用 above.误 There is a bridge above the rive

7、r.正 There is a bridge over the river.析 用来表达“从上方越过”时不能用 above 只能用 over，如：The plane flew over the city. 但要注意 There is waterfall above the bridge. 则应译为“在桥的上游有一个瀑布。”across误 He ran across the wood.正 He ran through the wood.析 across 是指某一动作在一平面内进行，而 through 则是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程。如：The man came in through the

8、 window. He walked across the square.acrossacross 的主要用法有两个。其一，意为“对面”，如：There is a school just across the street. 其二，意为“横过”，如：He walked across the street.afraid误 I dontt afraid of him.正 I am not afraid of him.析 要注意“害怕”afraid 一词在英语中不是动词，而是形容词，要与 be 动词连用。after误 Two weeks after he left.正 Two weeks later

9、 he left.正 He left after two weeks.析 要表达“在多少时间之后”，英语中有两种表达法，即：用 later 时，要时间在前，如 three hours later; 而用 after 时要时间在后，如 after three hours。误 My father will be back after a few hours.正 My father will be back in a few hours.析 受中文的影响，这个介词常常被误用。当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时，一定要用 in，而不能用 after，因为 after 是指在某一时间之后。例如：T

10、his work will be done in two days. 即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完。而如用了 after，即表示在两天之后，完成的时间是不确定的。after, behindafter 多用于表示顺序的前后，如：She walked in the line after Tom. 或用来表示“追赶”，表示一种动态，如：He ran after Mary. 而 behind 多用于强调先进与落后，如：She is much behind the other girls in sewing. 或者用于表达“迟于”，如：The train was ten minutes behind

11、 the time table. 或者与表示静态的动词连用，如：She hid herself behind the flowers.afternoon误 He worked very hard in a hot afternoon.正 He worked very hard on a hot afternoon.析 习惯用的词组 in the afternoon, 如果加入任何修饰词后其前面的介词 in 都要改为 on，不论其修饰词在前还是在后，如：He swam in this river on the afternoon of June lst. 又如：Are you free on S

12、unday afternoon?against误 He against me.正 He is against me.析 要注意 against 意为“反对”，但它在英文中却不是动词，而是介词，如要讲反对某事或某人时则要加动词 be, 如：He is against somebody/something.against foragainst 意为“反对”、“不赞成”；而 for 则意为“同意”，为其反意词。如：Are you for or against the plan?age误 He is twenty years old of age.正 He is twenty.正 He is twen

13、ty years old.正 He is at the age of twenty.ago误 Toms father has been dead five years ago.正 Toms father died five years ago.析 ago 意为由说话时算起，若干时间以前。它只能和一般动词过去时连用，而不要与完成时连用。误 Yesterday I met a friend. We didnt see each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.正 Yesterday I met a f

14、riend. We hadnt seen each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.析 要注意的是在本句是 ago 是用在由 since 引起的从句之中，只是从句应用过去时，但不影响主句的时态。agree误 Does the teacher agree to us? 正 Does the teacher agree with us? 误 Does he agree with our plan? 正 Does he agree with us? 析 agree with 指“同意某人的提议、建议、计

15、划”等。如果要讲同意某项计划则要用 agree to, 如：Do you agree to the plan?all误 The old man has two sons. All of them are workers.正 The old man has two sons. Both of them are workers.析 all 是指三者或以上的全部，而 both 则是指“两者都”。 误 The all children are playing football now.正 All the children are playing football now.析 all 作修饰词时其位置要

16、在所有的修饰词之前，不论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词，或代词的所有格。 误 You all are right.正 You are all right.析 all 作同位语时其位置要置于be动词之后，实意动词之前，如：The teachers all work hard. 或用于第一助动词之后，如：The boys have all been waiting for their mothers.almost误 Nearly nobody thinks he is right.正 Almost nobody thinks he is right.析 nearly 与 almost

17、是近意词，其含意差别不大，但是与否定词连用时要用 almost, 例如：She brought almost no money with her. 此句中的 almost 不能用 nearly 替换。alone误 The old man lived lone but he didnt feel lonely.正 The old man lived alone, but he didnt feel lonely.析 alone, lone, lonely 三个词全具有“孤单、孤独”之意。但其用法不同：lone 可以作定语，而 alone 则只能作表语，lonely 则多指感情上与感觉上的孤独。a

18、lready误 We are already for the work.正 We are all ready for the work.析 already 是副词，其意为“已经”，如：He already knew about it. 而 all ready 为形容词意为“准备好”。already, yetalready 多用于肯定句中，例如：The students have already finished the work. 而 yet 则多用于疑问句与否定句中，如：Have you finished it yet? I havent finished it yet.also误 I di

19、dnt find the dictionary also.正 I didnt find the dictionary either.析 作为“也”讲，在否定句中要用 either 而不能用 also.also, tooalso 与 too 都可用在肯定句中表示“也”，但 also 通常用于 be 动词或情态动词之后，如：I can also do it myself. 而 too 一般放于句尾。Ill attend his class, too.always误 Always he asked himself why he had come here.正 He always asked hims

20、elf why he had come here.析 always 一般不能用于句首，它在一般句中的位置是于动词之前第一助动词之后，如：Ive always thought he is honest. 又如：He is always late.among误 If the three apples are divided among the two boys how much will each receive?正 If the three apples are divided among the three boys how much will each receive?析 among 常用于

21、三个事物或人物之间，而 between 则多用于两者之间。an误 This is an useful dictionary.正 This is a useful dictionary.析 详见 a 条。and误 He did not speak loudly and clearly.正 He did not speak loudly nor clearly.误 Our school is not in New York and Chicago, but in Boston.正 Our school is not in New York or Chicago, but in Boston.析 “

22、和”这一概念在肯定句中应用 and，但在否定句中则要用 or。angry误 My mother was angry to me.正 My mother was angry with me.误 He was angry with what I said.正 He was angry at what I said.析 要注意 be angry 后面如果接人，表示“对某人生气不满”时应用 be angry with somebody. 但要接事物时要用 be angry at something.another误 I have two sisters, one in America and anot

23、her in English.正 I have two sisters, one in America and the other in English.析 要注意英语中 another, other, the other, the others, others 的不同用法，现分别说明如下：another 作形容词其意为：泛指的另一个或再一个，别的，类似的。一般在句中作定语，如: This is not good enough, please show me another one. another 还可以作为代词用，如：One student said：“I want to play bas

24、kball.”another said：“I want to play football.”other 作形容词其意为“泛指其余的，别的”。如：I have other books besides these. 又如：Ask some other people please. the other 则为特指，作形容词时其后面可接单数或复数名词，如：She has two flowers. One is white, the other one is yellow. (特指，单数)又如：There are fifty students in our class, twenty five are b

25、oys, the other students are girls. (特指，复数)但当 the other 作为代词时，它代表的可以是单数，也可以是复数，如：He has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. (单数)又如：There are some people in the room. Four are girls, the other(复数)are boys. 要注意的是当 the other 作主语时，其后面的谓语动词要视具体情况而定，它可能是单数，也可能是复数。others 则只能作代词，其意为 other ones 即为：泛指某

26、些，某一部分人或物，如：Each of us must think of others. 而 the others 只能作为代词，它是特指某一些人或物，如：I know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me. answer误 Someone is knocking at the door. Please reply the door bell.正 Someone is knocking at the door, Please answer the door bell.析 answer 与 reply 是近意词

27、，作为及物动词用时有时二者是可以互换的，如：The student answered/replied that he wanted to watch TV. 但在某些特定场合则不易互换。作为应答之意时则多用answer，如：You should answer to your name. Please answer my letter as soon as possible. Answer my question in English.any误 Do you have some questions?正 Do you have any questions?析 some一般要用于肯定句，而any则用

28、于否定句或疑问句。误 China is larger than any other countries in Asia.正 China is larger than any other country in Asia.析 要注意 any other 其后要跟单数名词，但 any of the other 其后要接复数名词。 China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.误 Here are some books; you can choose anyone of these.正 Here are some books; you

29、can choose any one of these.析 anyone 只能指人，而 any one 即可指人，也可以指物。around误 The nine planets go around of the sun.正 The nine planets go around the sun.析 around后面不要再加介词，如：The sun shines all around us.around, round作介词用的 around 与 round 通常可以互换，只不过美语常用 around，而英语常用 round，例如：You can see the post office round/a

30、round that corner. (绕过那个弯你就可以看到邮局。但是一定要区别它们的不同之处：round 可以用作形容词、副词、介词、动词、名词；而 around 只能用作副词或介词。例如：The post office is just round (around) the house (用作介词). He has round face (用作形容词). The river rounded the stones. (用作动词)arrive误 I arrived Beijing the day before yesterday.正 I arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday.正 I reached Beijing the day before yesterday.误 He arrived in the school at 1100.正 He arrived at the school at 1100.析 arrive 为不及物动词，当到达的是较大的地理区域时用介词 in，而到达较小的地方时则用 at, 如：arrive in New York, arrive at the village.arrive, reach, getarrive 如上所述是不及物动词，而 reach 则是及物动词。如：How did y