英语语法代词归纳总结.docx

1、英语语法代词归纳总结英语语法代词归纳总结一、单项选择代词1If the product is significantly different from _ described in the ad, you have every right to complain to the local authority.Aone BonesCthat Dthose【答案】C【解析】考察指示代词用法。当上文的名词被第二次提到，通常用指示代词that（代指单数名词和不可数名词）或those（代指复数名词）来替代，本句中，用that代指前面提到的the product，为特指，故选C。2The Olympic

2、Games makes _ possible for people to live side by side in peace.Athis Bit Cthat D不填【答案】B【解析】本题的含义是奥运会使人们能够和平的生活在一起成为可能，本题make后的真正宾语位于句尾用动词不定式，那么在英文中通常用形式宾语it来代替真正的主语，故本题选B。3-Which of these resorts do you like best? -_. They are both hot and crowded.AEither BNothing CNeither DNone【答案】D【解析】考查情景交际和不定代词

3、。“这些旅游胜地你最喜欢哪个？”“一个也不喜欢。他们既炎热又拥挤。”答语中的both .and修饰的是hot和crowded，不要误以为是两者。根据问句中的these可知，是三者以上，排除A、C；nothing“什么也没有”；none“一个也没有”。故选D。4-Will $ 1,000 _ the cost of the trip? -Im afraid not. Perhaps I need _ $500.Apay; another Bcharge; more Ccover; another Dafford; more【答案】C【解析】句意“1000美元够旅行的费用吗？”“恐怕不够，也许还需

4、要500美元。”charge“收费”；cover“包括”；afford“买得起”。根据句意可知，用cover；在原来的基础上再多一些用“another+数词”或“数词+more”表示，这里用another。故选C。5 You seem busy these days. Yes. Im writing a story. You know, its really not easy to write _ with attractive plots.Athis Bit Cone Dthat【答案】C【解析】句意：你近些天看起来很忙。是的，我在写故事，你知道，写一个有吸引力的情节的故事不容易。.iton

5、e that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词.一般说来,it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于aan名词; that为特指,相当于the 名词.所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 aan some any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the this that。前面提到是a story，故选择C。考点：考查it,one,that用法区别6Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my next birthday, _ beyond my imagination.Awhic

6、h Bthat Csomething Dthe one【答案】C【解析】考查同位语。something beyond my imagination 是 a nice gift 的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子，所以which不能选。the one 指代与 gift 是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的已知的礼物”,与上文的 promised to buy 不符。句意：妈妈承诺我下个生日给我买一个超乎我的想象的好看的礼物。故选C。7Id appreciate _ if you would pick me up at seven this evenin

7、g.Ahat Bthis Cit Dyou【答案】C【解析】试题解析：句意；如果你明早到机场来接我，我将不甚感激。appreciate,like,love,hate等表喜好，憎恨之类词后不能直接接从句，必须先补充it后再接从句。it表虚指，无实义。另外，一些动词短语也不能直接加从句，必须加it再接从句,如see to it that ,depend on it that 等。考点：固定句型8 _ of us think the English examination was difficult. But I still dont think _ could pass it.AAll, ever

8、ybody BNone, anybodyCAll, anybody DNone, everybody【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查部分否定和全部否定。none，nobody，no通常表示全部否定；否定词和all，every，each连用，表示部分否定。句意：我们中没有一个人认为这次英语测试难。但是我仍然不是所有人都能通过这次考试。故D正确。【名师点睛】英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法：一、 all 的否定式：not all（或：allnot）表示并非都、不是所有的都例如：Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be mas

9、ters.) 并非人人都能当头头。Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。二、 both 的否定式：notboth (或：both not) 并非两个都 例如：I dont want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。三、 every的否定式：不是每都 例如：Not every book is educative. (或：Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。Not everyone likes this

10、 book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。四、 always的否定式：并非总是（并非一直） 例如：He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。五、 entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式，不完全，并非完全 例如：The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。I dont ag

11、ree completely. 我并不完全同意。What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。六、 all the time 的否定式：并非一直、未必老是例如： A foolish man doesnt make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。七、 notand的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。例如： He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确?This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但

12、无教育意义。She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。如果将and 换成or，not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never) at all 等。All o

13、f them can do it.- None of them can do it.Both are good.-Neither is good.Everybody likes it. -Nobody likes it.He is always late. - He is never late.We dont trust them entirely. - We never trust them at all.He was here all the time. - He was never here.考点：考查部分否定和全部否定9When the factory closes, _ will m

14、ean 7,000 workers will be out of work.Awhich Bit Cwhat Dthey【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：当那家工厂倒闭，意味着7000名工人将会失业。用it代指前面提到的the factory closes，故选。10Whos that at the door? is the milkman.AHe BIt CThis DThat【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查代词的用法。句意：谁在门外？是送牛奶的。因为不知道门外的是什么人。故用it指代不清楚的人。故选B。【知识拓展】it 的用法it 词小本事大， 人称代词包括它； 不明身份和性别，模

15、糊指代就用它；距离日期和时间，天气环境全靠它；形宾形主惯用法，强调句型它当家。1)指代姓别不明的人Look at the baby.Isnt it lovely?2)指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。Its twenty miles to the zoo.3)作形式主语或形式宾语代替不定式、动名词、名词性从句。Its of great help to learn English well.I find it quite necessary to make some changes.4)特殊的形式宾语it。enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, a

16、ppreciate等表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后接if 从句或when 从句，通常应先在动词后接it 作形式宾语。如：I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand.5)用于强调句中：It iswasthatwho。Its from the sun that we get light and heat.考点：考查代词的用法。11I find _ amazing that anyone would want to listen to Gospel music.Ait Bthat Chow Dthis【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：我发现有人想

17、听Gospel音乐，这很让我吃惊。句中it作形式宾语，amazing作宾补，后面的从句从句that anyone would want to listen to Gospel music.作真正宾语，故选A。考点：考查代词用法。12The exam was easy, wasnt it?Yes, but I dont think _ could pass it.Asomebody BanybodyCnobody Deverybody【答案】D【解析】everybody同表否定意义的词连用时，表达的是部分否定的意义。下句意同“考试是容易。但是我想并非每个人都能通过”。13Some people

18、would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has _of the trouble of taking buses.Anothing Bnone Csome Dneither【答案】B【解析】考查不定代词。A“什么也没有”；B“一个也没有”，指三者以上的人或物；C“一些”；D“两者都不”。句意“一些人宁愿骑自行车，因为骑自行车没有那些像乘公交车会遇到的麻烦。”这里的troubles 是泛指，表示否定一个用none。故选B。14Is your neighbor Mr. King a man with good manners?Actually, he

19、 is _ but polite. And nobody likes to talk to him.Anothing Bsomething Ceverything Danything【答案】D【解析】本题考查短语辨析。nothing but 只不过，只有；anything but：根本不是. 决不.，没有everything but；something but用法。句意：你的邻居Mr. King是一个有礼貌的人吗？ 事实上，他根本不礼貌，没人喜欢同他说话.15The Belt and Road Initiative is viewed by many as a history-making p

20、roject, applauded by the Chinese and those along the route as well.Aone Bone thatCthe one Dthe one that【答案】A【解析】考查代词one的用法。one做a history-making project的同位语，是泛指一个创造历史的项目，故不用加the，排除C项，其后接过去分词短语作定语，而不是定语从句，因此B、D项错误。句意：一带一路的倡议被许多人看作是历史性的项目，受到不仅中国而且还有那些沿路国家的交口称赞。16The English spoken in the United States

21、is only slightly different from spoken in England.Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dthe one【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：在美国说的英语与在英国说的英语略有一点不同。由spoken in England可知，此处不是从句，不能使用which/what。在比较级中，为了避免重复，要用that代替前面出现的同一事情，但此处English为不可数名词，要用that, 而不用the one，the one代替可数名词时，可与that互换。故选C。17I prefer a flat in Inverness to _ in Per

22、th, because I want to live near my Moms.Aone Bthat Cit Dthis【答案】A【解析】one作为代词时，经常替代有修饰成分的名词单数或前面有不定冠词的名词；that替代有后置定语且有定冠词的名词单数；it指代同一事物；this指代较近的事物。故本题选择A项。18-What did the young man come to your company for? - He wanted a job, _could help him support his family.Awhat Bone Cthat Done that【答案】D【解析】试题分析

23、:句意：这位年轻人来你们公司是为了什么目的呢？他想找份工作，一份能够让他养家糊口的工作。逗号后面有谓语动词，但所有选项都不能引导定语从句，故判断为同位语one后的定语从句，选D。考点：考查代词用法。19 How much salt did you put in the soup?一 Oh, sorry! . I forgot.ALittle BNothingCNone DFew【答案】C【解析】考查不定代词。A. Little少许；B. Nothing无事，无物；C. None没有任何东西；D. Few很少。上句：你在汤里放了多少盐？下句：我忘了放盐。也就是一点也没有，故选C。20Id app

24、reciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the expression once more and I always appreciate _ me with my English in the past.Athat; you to help Bthis; your helpingCit; you to help Dit; your helping【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查it做形式宾语和动名词。句意：如果你愿意再教我一次如何使用这个表达，我将不胜感激。我也一直感谢你在过去帮助我学习英语。Id appreciate it if如果

25、可以，我将不胜感激，该句型是固定句型，it做形式宾语，排除A和B，appreciate doing感激做某事。故选D。21Id appreciate _ if you could come and help me once more and I always appreciate _ me with my English in the past.Athis; you to help Bit; your helpingCit; you to help Dthat; you helping【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查it做形式宾语和动名词。句意：如果你能再来帮我一次，我将不胜感激。我一直很感激你

26、过去在英语方面对我的帮助。like, love, appreciate, hate, see to, depend on等词语接从句时，要用 it 作形式宾语。appreciate ones doing sth“感激某人做某事”为固定短语。故B选项正确。22_ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.AAs; whose BIt; who CAs; whom DIt; whom【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主语从句和定

27、语从句。句意：众所周知，这位年老的科学家，过去他的生活很艰难，在他八十多岁时仍然努力工作。It is known to us all that是个固定句型，意思是“众所周知”，这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，如果用as的话，as is known to us all后面要用逗号与后面的句子隔开，没有that；第二空中句子包含一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，指人，只能用whom，故选D。23This was a courageous decision, all the board members of the company opposed.Ait Bthat Co

28、ne Dthe one【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查代词用法。句意：这是一个需要勇气的决定，公司委员会所有成员都反对这样的决定。It代指上文提到的事物本身；that同类事物中不同一个，是特指，相当于that+名词；one相当于a+名词，是泛指；the one 是特指。根据句意，对decision的解释说明，特指这一个决定，故选D。24-Who can I tum to for help in face of difficulty，Mom？-My darling，if not_，anybody else？Ame BI Cmine Dmyself【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查人称代词宾格。句意：面

29、对困难我可以向谁寻求帮助，妈妈?亲爱的，如果不是我，还会有其他人吗?此处是省略句，省略了it is，所以用人称代词宾格。故选A。25You may rely on _ that Jennifer will come and help us if we are in trouble.Ait Bthat Cwhich Dthis【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形式宾语it的用法。句意：如果我们有困难，你可以相信詹妮弗会来帮助我们。it做形式宾语时，常用于“动词 + prep + it + that-从句”结构，此处用it作rely on的形式宾语，真正宾语为其后的宾语从句。故选A。【点睛】能用于“动

30、词 + prep + it + that从句”结构的动词，常见的还有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。26Not all birds can flymeans AAll birds can not fly BNo birds can flyCNone of birds can fly DAll birds can fly【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分否定的用法。句意：不是所有的鸟都能飞。A.All birds can not fly，不是所有的鸟都能飞，当not与all连用时，表示部分否定，不管not在什么位置；B.No birds can fly，没有鸟能飞，no表示全部否定；C.None of birds can fly，没有鸟能飞，none of+名词，表示全部否定；D.All birds can fly，所有的鸟都能飞。故选A。【点睛】not 与a