山东省菏泽市定陶县某高中高考英语人教版一轮讲义.docx

1、山东省菏泽市定陶县某高中高考英语人教版一轮讲义Unit 4Sharing1concept(n.)观念；概念2relevant(adj.)有关的；切题的3remote(adj.)遥远的；偏僻的4adjust(vi.& vt.)调整；(使)适合5otherwise(conj.)否则；不然(adv.)用别的方法；其他方面6arrangement(n.)安排；排列7purchase(vt.& n)买；购买8anniversary(n.)周年纪念(日)9click(vt.& vi.)(使)发出咔嗒声(n.)咔嗒声10security(n.)安全；保护；保障11participate(vi.)参与；参加p

2、articipation(n.)参加；参与participant(n.)参加者12donate(vt.)捐赠donation(n.)捐赠，捐款donator(n.)捐赠者13voluntary(adj.)自愿的；志愿的；无偿的volunteer(n.& vi.)自愿者；志愿者；自愿做14distribute(vt.)分配；分发distribution(n.)分布状态；分配；分发15operate(vi.)工作；运转；(vt.)操作operation(n.)手术；运转operator(n.)操作人员1hear_from接收的信2the_other_day不久前的一天3dry_up(指河流、井等)

3、干涸4adapt_to适应5to_be_honest诚实的说6get_through通过7set_up建立；开张8(be)_dying_to_do极想；渴望做某事9dry_out(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透10in_need在困难中；在危急中11come_across遇见12stick_out伸出1We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the val

4、ley below.我们步行两个半小时才到达那里先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。名师指津：from where we had fantastic views是修饰a ridge的定语从句。例句仿写：我们爬到山顶，在那儿我们可以一览整个城市。We went up to the top of the hill，from_where we had a good view of the whole city.2To be honest，I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives at

5、 all.说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。名师指津：doubt whether.怀疑是否例句仿写：我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这项艰巨的任务。I doubt_whether they will finish the hard task in two days.3The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实

6、有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。名师指津：not.but.不是而是例句仿写：能使一个人成为科学家的不是这些工具，而是他使用这些工具的方法。It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.adjust vi.& vt.调整；使适合教材原句P30：The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑，因此我们的眼睛过了好一阵才适应过来。(1) (2) (2013北京卷阅读理解)A

7、manmade tail is created for Grace to adjust her way of swimming.给小海豚Grace带上人造尾巴的目的是调整它的游泳方式。When a child is studying abroad，he must learn to adjust/adapt_to_living_on_his_own.当孩子出国留学时，他必须学会适应独立生活。We have made an adjustment to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent.我们对价格做了调整，给你们百分之三的优

8、惠折扣。participate vi.参与；参加教材原句P30：I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language，even though I could not participate in the conversation.我喜欢听他们家人细声细气地用自己的语言交谈，尽管我不能参与谈话。(1) (2)participant n参加者；共享者(3)participation n参与；分担；共享Students are encouraged to participate in the ru

9、nning of the college.学生们被鼓励参与学院的管理工作。More than 400 children participated in a cleanup the park.400多个孩子参加了公园的清扫活动。All the participants in the debate will have an opportunity to speak.所有参加辩论的人都有机会发言。privilege n特权；特别优待教材原句P30：It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.能与汤比一家度过一天的时间真

10、是莫大的荣幸。(1) (2) Education should_not_be_a_privilege in the modern society for everyone has the right to do so.在现代社会中，不应该把教育看成一种特权，每一个人都有权利接受教育。Ladies and gentlemen，I have_the_great_privilege_of introducing our speaker for tonight.女士们、先生们，我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。We are privileged to have a distinguished gues

11、t with us tonight.我们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。donate vt.捐赠；赠送教材原句P34：Would you like to donate an unusual gift?你愿意捐献一份不平常的礼物吗？(1)donate sth.to sb./sth.向某人/事捐献某物(2) (3)donator n捐赠者，赠送者As a volunteer，he recognized that donating_blood required very little work and virtually no pain while helping to save a life.作为一个志

12、愿者，他承认献血不是一件艰难的事情，几乎没有疼痛却有助于挽救生命。If most breadwinners donate a days pay to the Hope Project，then it will make a great difference.如果大多数挣工资的人把一天的所得捐给希望工程的话，那将意义重大。Charities appealed for donations of food and clothing for victims of the hurricane.慈善机构呼吁为飓风的受害者们捐献食品和衣物。operate vi.工作，运转；给动手术；vt.操作(2012辽宁

13、卷)This machine is very easy to operate.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.这种机器很容易操作，任何人都可以在几分钟内学会使用。(1) (2) The doctor said that the patient had to be_operated_on at once，which made us all worried.医生说这个病人必须立刻做手术，这使我们都非常担心。For most people，its almost impossible to operate a computer without

14、a mouse.对大多数人而言，没有鼠标几乎无法操作电脑。People were trapped between floors because the lift didnt_operate_properly.由于电梯运转不正常，人们被困在了楼层之间。.完成句子1Jim didnt prepare ahead of time.What he said_(与我们的讨论无关) at all in the meeting.答案：was not relevant to our discussion2The retired man_(把大部分积蓄捐给了) to the school damaged by

15、the earthquake.答案：donated most of his savings3The war may come to an end soon because both sides want_ _(加入和平会谈)答案：to participate in the peace talks4In order to meet everyones need，I _(做调整) to the design.答案：made a few adjustments5_(有幸) to perform on the same stage with such a super star.答案：It was a

16、privilege.单项填空1The government will force companies to_any possible measure to reduce PM2.5 in the air in 2014.Aadjust BadoptCadapt Daccept解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：在2014年政府会迫使公司采取任何可能的措施来减少空气中PM2.5的含量。adopt采用，采纳，收养，符合句意。adjust调整，适应；adapt适应；改写；accept接受。答案：B2(2014海口高三质检)To be honest，it took me more than a month t

17、o_myself_the new school life.Aadopt；to Badjust；toCadapt；into Dsuit；for解析：adjust.to调整，使适合。句意为：老实说，我花了一个多月时间才适应新学校的生活。adapt与to搭配；adopt采纳，收养；当suit表示“使适合”时，与to搭配。答案：B3(2013南京三模)It is unfair that one can enjoy_just because he or she is rich or powerful.Aprivilege BpossessionCprinciple Dposition解析：考查名词辨析。

18、句意为：一个人仅仅因为有钱或者有权就可以享有特权是不公平的。privilege(有钱有势者)的特权，特殊待遇，符合句意。possession拥有，个人财产；principle原则；position位置，职位。答案：A4A local woman has given her ninemonth baby a second life by_part of her liver on Sunday.Adistributing BgivingCsupplying Ddonating解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意为：星期天，一位当地妇女通过捐赠自己的部分肝脏给了她九个月大的宝宝第二次生命。supply意为“

19、供应(所需要，所要求的)”；distribute意为“分配，散发”；give意为“给予”，为一般词汇，一般接双宾语；donate意为“捐赠”。答案：D5Students in our school are encouraged to_more activities after class in order to broaden their knowledge.Aattend BjoinCtake part Dparticipate in解析：participate intake part in表示“参加集体活动”的意思。答案：D6The new drug began to_not long a

20、fter it was taken.Aoperate Boperate onChelp Dwork on解析：句意为：这种新药在服用后不久就起作用。operate在此意为“起作用”；operate on做手术；work on继续工作，影响。help起作用，但是结构不正确。答案：A (be) dying to do sth.渴望做某事教材原句P29：I know youre dying to hear all about my life here，so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk a

21、bout.我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况，我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想像出我所谈到的地方。(1)be dying for sth.渴望得到某物(2) 想要，渴望When will the result of the exam be announced？The students are_dying_to_know it.考试结果什么时候公布？学生们渴望知道结果。The child wants to return to school because he is thirsty for knowledge.那个孩子想回到学校，因为他渴望知识。Mike is eager to stay aw

22、ay from the busy city life for a while.迈克渴望离开繁忙的城市生活一段时间。come across偶然遇到或发现，碰见(2011天津卷)She came across an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.昨天她在百货商店购物的时候偶遇一位老朋友。(1) (2) 偶然遇见I often help my friends if they come across some difficulties in English.如果我的朋友在英语方面遇

23、到什么困难，我经常帮助他们。The new law has come into effect in 2014，which will surely have an effect on industry of the country.2014年新的法律已经生效，它肯定会对这个国家的工业产生影响。No matter what difficulty you will meet with，carry_out_your_plan.不管你遇到什么困难，都要执行计划。in need在困难中；在危急中(牛津P1338)The charity aims to provide assistance to peopl

24、e in need.这个慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。in need of需要There is no need for sth.不需要某物There is no need for sb.to do sth.某人没有必要做某事As the saying goes，a_friend_in_need is a friend indeed.常言道，患难见真情。Deeds are better than words when people are in need of help.当人们需要帮助时，行动比话语更好。There_is_no_need_to regret what has happened

25、.没必要为已经发生的事感到后悔。.完成句子1Its clear that the young American man_(渴望学汉语) from you.答案：is dying to learn Chinese2The small brook nearly_(干涸) because it hadnt rained for months.答案：dried up3Faced with so much trouble，I am_(需要你的帮助)答案：in need of your help4In summer，water the plants regularly and never let the

26、soil_(干透)答案：dry out5Dont refer to a dictionary every time you_(偶然遇到) an unknown word.答案：come across6Being abroad for so many years，I always look forward to_(收到家人的信)答案：hearing from my family.单项填空1(2014日照模拟)When reading English novels，I often_some idiomatic expressions that I cant understand.Acome acr

27、oss Bgo overCget across Dtake over解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在读英文小说的时候，我通常会碰到(come across)一些我不懂的习惯用语。go over复习，重温；get across使被理解；take over接管，接收。根据语境可知答案选A项。答案：A2(2013福建泉州四校第二次联考)Hearing the news of the flood，thousands of people donated money and food to the children_.Ain need Bin vainCin common Din particular解

28、析：考查介词短语辨析。句意为：听到有关洪水的消息，成千上万的人给这些贫困的孩子们捐赠现金和食品。in need意为“缺(食物或钱)”，符合句意。in vain徒劳无益，in common；公有，共有；in particular尤其，特别，均不符合句意。答案：A3These people from different backgrounds and with different personalities could have quarreled with each other，but actually，they spent the year together_.Ain danger Bin t

29、roubleCin peace Din need解析：句意为：来自不同背景和有不同个性的人们本来会彼此争吵，但实际上他们在过去的一年里相处得很好。A项“在危险中”，B项“在麻烦中”，C项“处于和平中”，D项“需要”。答案：C4Jack failed to seek a job for his poor education，though he was_to get one to support his family.Adying Blooking forwardCfighting Dwanting解析：句意为：杰克因为文化程度低而没有找到工作，尽管他渴望找一份工作养家。be dying to do sth.渴望做某事，符合句意。答案：AWe walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep slope to the valley below.我们走了两个半小时才到了那儿。先爬到了一座山的山顶，从那儿我们欣赏到了优美的风景，然后又沿着陡峭的山坡到了下面的山谷。from whe