高中英语必修二知识点外研版.docx

1、高中英语必修二知识点外研版必修二Module 11. see +宾语+ doing (正在做)hear do (全过程)done （被动）2. fit adj: 健康的 keep fit 合适的 be fit for/ to dov: 适合，合身（大小，形状）fit in 相处融洽suit 适合(颜色，款式，时间)as 当时候由于随着As time goes on,.按照do as (you are) told正如As you can see， As we all know,As is known to us, 不定式作定语的用法归纳1). 被修饰名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或the only

2、, the last, the very, the next修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。被修饰名词和不定式具有逻辑主谓关系。Eg. John Smith is the only person to know the secret.2).表示抽象概念的名词，后面用动词不定式做定语，用于解释中心词的内容，如ability, way, ambition, anxiety, attempt, campaign, chance, courage, decision, determination等。Eg. she gave up the chance to go abroad.3).如不定式动词是不及物

3、动词作定语时，其后须加一个适当的介词。例如：Have you got a chair to sit on? 你有椅子坐了吗?pay 的短语 注意pay attention to 拜访pay a visit to 付清，还清（债务）；得到回报pay off buy sth for some money 用多少钱买某物 sb. spend money on sth. / in doing sth. 把钱花在上 sth. cost (sb.) money （某物）花了（某人）多少钱sure1).make sure that do(时态) When you leave the office, make

4、 sure that all the lights are turned off.(灯关上了)2).make sure of / about 确保，弄清楚 Youd better make sure of the time and place for the meeting .(弄清楚开会得时间和地点)3) be sure to do肯定会，务必 Be sure to come on time. be sure of / about 有把握，肯定 He is to succeed/ win. 他肯定会赢。(说话者的主观意见) He is sure of his success. 他确信自己会成

5、功.（主语的观点）= He is sure that he will succeed. 一般将来时态will do sth / shall do sth 单纯表示将来要发生的动作，不强调已经打算好。be going to do sth 表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。表示说话人根据已有的迹象判断将要发生的事情Itisgoingtorain. Wearegoingtohaveameetingtoday. I am going to leave.betodo sth表示安排、计划、决定、命令或注定要发生的事. TheboyistogotoschooltomorrowThe bridge is t

6、o be built next year. “beaboutto+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作，或已经打算好马上要去做的动作，意为bereadytodosth.后面一般不跟时间状语。Imabouttoleave. go,come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive,stay等表示位置转移的词可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。ImleavingforBeijing. 某些动词(如come,go,leave,arrive,start,get,stay等表示位置转移的词)的一般现在时也可表示将来。表示按照时刻表上规定的时间将要发生，有具体的时间点。 Themeetingst

7、artsatfiveoclock. The plane takes off at 7:05 am.注将来时态中，如果单纯表示将来，或即兴动作，用will; 表示早已经打算好了则应该用be going to do / be to do be about to do / be doing 等。必修二Module 21.addict v./n. addiction adj. addictive /addicted Adam Rouse used to be a drug addict(瘾君子)He is now fighting against his cocaine addiction（瘾）Her

8、oin is highly addictive(使人上瘾的)Her son is addicted to(沉迷于) computer games.Cocaine is a powerfully addictive(使人上瘾的)drug.likely adj. 可能的;有希望的, 适合的 adv. 或许, 可能It is likely that. 很可能. = Its probable/ possible thatsb./sth. be likely to do很可能做 = It is possible for sb./sth. to do Not likely!不可能! 才不呢! (强调否认或

9、拒绝)They are the likeliest candidates. 他们是最有可能当选的候选人。He is the likeliest person for the job. 他是最适合做这份工作的人。她下月很可能不来。She is not likely to come next month.很可能他不会同意。It is likely that he wont agree.The smokers are twice as likely as non-smokers to develop Alzheimers disease. = The smokers are more likely

10、to develop Alzheimers diseasetooto“ too + adj/adv. + to + do sth.” 意思是太而不能.此外，” too+ adj/adv. + for sb. to do sth.” 意为对某人来说，太.而不能。Tooto 中的too 前面有否定词，如never 时，表示肯定：It is never too late to learn. 活到老，学到老。【补充】：too.to结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready, eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加动词不定式结合成

11、一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容，而是修饰形容词，不定式就不再表示结果。例如： Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others. 雷锋同志乐于助人。 .everwhatever用法 “不管/ 无论（任何）” -用法和what 类似。.引导状语从句： .Whatever happens, you shouldnt lose heart. = No matter what happens, you shouldnt lose heart. .Whatever (great) difficulty you m

12、eet, you shouldnt give up. = No matter what difficulty you meet, you shouldnt give up.引导名词性从句： .You should tell me whatever happened. . Whatever he did is for your good.(引导名词性从句时不能用no matter what) whichever 用法 “任何一个（件、本）” (有选择范围).引导状语从句： Whichever computer you choose from those, I will buy it for yo

13、u. = No matter which computer you choose from those, I will buy it for you.引导名词性从句：Whichever book he bought from the shop would be paid for. (引导名词性从句时不能用no matter which)whoever 用法 “任何的人”.引导状语从句： .Whoever sees the dog, please contact Mr. Smith. = No matter who sees the dog, please contact Mr. Smith.

14、.Whoever studies hard, he can make progress later. = No matter who studies hard, he can make progress later.引导名词性从句：.Whoever studies hard can make progress later. .Give the book to whoever is interested in it.(引导名词性从句时不能用no matter who)必修二Module 3By the time sb. do/does,will have done ; sb. did, had

15、done find/ make/ feel/ think/ believe/ consider + it + adj./n. + to do 结构我们相信通过学习有可能改变人生。We believe it possible to change our life by learning.医生认为你度个假期比较好。The doctor considered it better for you to have a holiday take a vocation.主语+ be + adj. + to do 结构1). What he said is difficult to understand.2)

16、. The book is easy to read.3). Chair is comfortable to sit on.do you think 作插入语的用法你认为他们何时会得出结论？When do you think they will come to a conclusion ? 你认为我会怎么处理这件事？How do you think I can deal with this matter?其他插入语：do you believe/ suppose/ imagine/ guess/ expect/ suggest注意：do you suggest 所在的句子要用虚拟语气，即sho

17、uld+ do, should 可以省略必修二Module 41. situation；point；case；experience；story；family 这类词充当先行词时常用where或相应介词which。happen vi. 发生 (不能用于被动语态。)相关的短语： sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上 happen to do 碰巧做 happen to be doing 碰巧正发生 happen to have done 碰巧做过 = It happened that + 从句关系代词引导的定语从句1）不用that, 只能用which的情况:a) 在引导非限定性

18、定语从句时 The tree, (which is four hundred years old,) is very famous here. b) 介词后不能用 Gun control is a subject, (about which Americans talked a lot.)2) 不用which, 只能用that的情况: a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。 Finally, the thief handed everything (t

19、hat he had stolen) to the police. b) 先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时，只用that。 He is the very man (that helped the girl out of the water) . c) 先行词为序数词(the last)、形容词最高级时，只用that。. The first English book (that I read) was “The Prince and the Pauper” by Mark Twin . d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。 He talked about the

20、teachers and schools( that he visited). e)当主句是以who 或which 开始的特殊疑问句时，用that 以避免重复。译作“认为”时，有下列句型consider sb./sth.(to be/as)认为某人是sb./sth. is considered (to be/as)某人被认为是sb is consideredto have done sth. 某人被认为做了某事consider itadj.to do sth. 认为做某事是sth/ sbcant stand + (sb/sbs) doing不能忍受being doneadopt vt.1) T

21、hey adopted my suggestion. 采纳2) The poor child was adopted by the couple. 收养3) Hes not my real father; Im adopted. 收养 tell A and B apart把A和B区分开 tell A from B_ tell the difference between A and B说出A和B 的不同to tell (you) the truth 说实话 tell a story/joke/lie 讲故事、讲笑话、撒谎可接不定式作宾语的动词有：afford ,agree, aim, atte

22、mpt, decide, expect, fail, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, want ,wish, turn 完成句子1 他买不起这么贵的小汽车。He cant afford to buy such an expensive car. 当老师进来的时候，他假装正在读书。When the teacher came in, he pretended to be reading. 他主动提出开车去接我们。 He offered to pick us up. “疑问词+不定式”也可作宾语，这样的动词有 t

23、each, show, discuss, decide等。完成句子到目前为止他们还没决定什么时候走. So far they havent decided when to leave. 2 .他们正在讨论如何解决这个问题。They are discussing how to deal with this problem. She practises playing the piano every day. v-ing 作宾语 下列动词通常直接v-ing作宾语finish, enjoy, mind, miss, keep, avoid, imagine, practice, suggest, r

24、isk, appreciate, admit等 ，你介意打开门吗？Do you mind opening the door?她每天练习弹钢琴。She practises playing the piano every day. 一些动词词组由“动词+介词”组成的他们的后面也接v-ing 作宾语。常见的有：look forward to, get used to , put off, believe in, dream of , think of , give up, insist on, feel like, 等等。我盼望收到你的来信。Im looking forward to receivi

25、ng your letter. .有些动词接不定式和v-ing 作宾语意义不同，forget/remember to do忘了、记着要去做某事 forget /remember doing 忘了、记得做过某事regret to do 遗憾要做某事 regret doing 后悔做了某事stop to do 停下来做另一件事 stop doing 停止做某事try to do 努力试图去做某事 try doing 试着做某事（看看结果，效果）mean to do 打算要做 mean doing 意味着cant help to do 不能帮着做某事 cant help doing 禁不住做某事我本

26、来打算去，但有事没去。I had meant to go there, but something unexpected happened. 必修二Module 5congratulate祝贺其宾语是人;celebrate 祝贺，其宾语是物（ 节日、生日 、胜利、成功）aboard. aboard adv.& prep 在(船、飞机、火车上)-The plane crashed , killing 200 people aboard.-All aboard!-Welcome aboard!区别：abroad/ board A. abroad adv. 在国外-She often goes ab

27、road on business. 她经常因公出国。 - Ive never lived abroad before.-He was famous, both at home and abroad.B. board n. 木板，董事会v. 上船（或火车、飞机、公共汽车等） on board = aboard-I wrote the examples up on the board. -There is still only one woman on the board of directors. 在董事会3. Welcome to space ( 1 ) vt 欢迎，迎接President H

28、u Jintao will welcome 10 heads of states to Hainan Province for the 7th Boao For Asia next week .胡锦涛主席下周将赴海南迎接前来参加亚洲第七届博鳌论坛的10国领导人。( 2 ) adj . 受欢迎的You are welcome to stay with us as long as you like . -Thank you for the coffee .- You are welcome .总结：Sb be welcome to do sth 欢迎某人干某事be welcome to sth./

29、 to do sth. “可随意取用某物或做某事”。You are welcome . 不用谢，别客气。连词有：because，as，since，now that， seeing that, considering that,because通常表示直接的、主要的原因，从句通常置于句尾，也可置于句首，语气比较强回答why提出的问题；as和since表示明显的、已知的原因，从句通常放在句首；for表示补充说明或推测的原因，从句必须后置，且必须用逗号和主句分开。（1）because由因导果，because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。You want to know why Im l

30、eaving? Im leaving because Im full.（2）for语气较because要弱得多，只能置于主句之后，对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断如：Its morning now, for the birds are singing.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。）（3）since，as“既然，由于”，它们通常被置于语句之前，但有时却相反。Seeing all of the children already seated, he said,“Since everyone is here, lets start.”(4)下列情况下只能使用because:在回答why的问句时； 在用于强调句型时； 被not所否定时。 (5) 一些介词短语同样可以表示原因，这样的短语有：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to, as a result of等。- He couldnt walk because his leg was broken/ because of his broken leg-They stayed in because the weather was bad/