考研英语核心词汇真题语境详解.docx

1、考研英语核心词汇真题语境详解Aabandon构词a不+ban禁止+don给予不禁止给出去放弃vt. 1.give up completely放弃2.forsake，desert 遗弃, 丢弃3.yield completely to 放肆, 放纵; 沉湎于n. freedom from worry or inhibitions放肆; 放纵; 尽情; 任意真题连线2001 Passage 5Abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting” bri

2、ngs with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. 放弃“忙忙碌碌”的生活哲学，转而过一种“放慢生活节奏”的生活所带来的回报，比经济成功和社会地位更有价值。absolute构词ab不+solute松开决不松开绝对的plete; total绝对的; 完全的, 纯粹的,确实的2.unrestricted; unlimited; unqualified无条件的, 不受限制的3.having unlimited power 专制的, 独断的4.certain; undoubted 确实的, 肯定的真题连线2

3、001 Passage 5My experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. 我这个被美国人称为“放慢生活节奏”的试验，却使我老掉牙的借口变成了绝对的现实。absorb构词ab表强调+sorb吸吸引vt.1.to take sth in through 吸收2.include sth/sb as part of; merge with 并吞3.hold the interest of sb fully使(精神)贯注习惯用语be a

4、bsorbed by 被吞并, 为所吸收be absorbed in 全神贯注在, 一心从事, 热衷于absorb sb.s attention 吸引某人注意真题连线2007 Part CSharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalists intellectual preparation for his or her career.通过并运用法律来提高判断能力是一名新闻记者为其职业生涯做好知识准备的一个重要组成部分。absorbed构词ab.表强调+so

5、rb吸+ed形容词后缀被吸引的全神贯注的;专心的a.wholly involved or occupied; engrossed 热衷的，专注的真题连线2006 Text 1People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption”launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. 人们被一种消费文化所吸引，这种文化是由十九世纪在高雅的氛围中陈列着琳琅满目的商品的百货商店所发起的。abstr

6、act构词abs离开+tract拉，拖拉出，抽a.1.existing in thought but not having practical抽象的; 理论上的, 不现实的2.difficult to understand;深奥的;难以理解的vt. 1.to take away; remove抽取;拿走2.to summarize;概括;归纳n.摘要，梗概链接abstracteda.心不在焉的abstractionn.提取习惯用语in the abstract 抽象地, 观念上, 理论上; make an abstract of 把的要点摘录下来真题连线2003 英译汉Thus, the an

7、thropological concept of “culture”, like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. 因此，人类学中的“文化”概念就像数学中“集”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念。它使大量的具体研究和认识成为可能。abundant构词ab 表强调+und波动+ant形容词后缀多得象波浪一样丰富的a.plentiful大量的，充足的，丰富的习惯用语ab

8、undant in富于;很丰富真题连线2005 Text 1Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. 不公平而引起的愤怒感似乎不是人类的专利。拒绝接受较少的酬劳可以让这些情绪准确无误地传达给其它成员。abuse构词ab 偏离+use用偏离正常使用滥用v.1.to u

9、se wrongly or improperly; misuse乱用，滥用2.to hurt or injure by maltreatment虐待，伤害n.1.improper use or handling; misuse 误用;恶习2.physical maltreatment虐待，伤害真题连线1997 Passage 3The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be jus

10、t as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine. 他们常用“物质滥用”而不用“药物滥用”来清楚表明滥用酒精、烟草这样的物质如同滥用海洛因和可卡因一样有害。accelerate构词ac表方向 +celer快，速+ate动词后缀加速vt.1.to increase the speed of 加速，促进，加快的速度2.cause to occur sooner than expected使比预期发生的要早链接acceleration n.加速，增速真题连线2001英译汉According to BTs futurologist，Ian Pearson，the

11、se are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of 1000years)，when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. 根据英国电讯公司的未来学家伊恩皮尔逊的看法，上述种种科研成就均属新千年的最初几十年内的开发项目之列，届时超级计算机将大大加快人类生活各个领域里的进步。access构词ac表方向+cess走过去接近n.1.means o

12、f approaching or entering (a place)(接近或进入某地的)方法; 通路;入口2.opportunity or right to use sth or approach sb接近某人的机会或权利;到达，享有权v.存取真题连线2008 Text 2The Internetand pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government funded research by restricting acce

13、ss to itis making access to scientific results a reality. 网络连同来自于投资机构的压力，他们质疑为什么商业出版商通过限制人们的使用来从政府资助的科学研究中获利使免费接触到科学成果成为一个现实。accessible构词access+ible形容词后缀可接近的a.1.easily approached or entered易接近的，易进入的2.easily obtained易得到的3.easy to talk to or get along with易相处的真题连线2002英译汉As the interaction between orga

14、nism and environment has come to be understood，however，effects once assigned to states of mind，feelings，and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions. 然而，由于人(生物)和环境之间的相互作用已经逐渐被人们所认识，所以现在正开始从已知的环境去寻找一度认为是心态、情感和性格特征所造成的影响其根源所在。accommodation构词ac表强调+com共同+mod方式，模式，风度+ ion名词后缀住处, 膳宿n.1.t

15、he act of accommodating or the state of being accommodated; adjustment适应2.something that meets a need; a convenience.方便，方便设施3.a seat, compartment, or room on a public vehicle.座位，车厢，房间习惯用语come to an accommodation达到和解, 达到妥协真题连线2002 Text 1He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weath

16、er, and so on. 他看到了豪华的住宅、美丽的花园、晴朗的天气等等。accomplish构词ac表强调+com共同+pli满，填满+ish动词后缀全部弄满完成vt.to reach the end of; complete达到终点;完成;实现(计划)真题连线2009 Part CThe need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out

17、of account. 显而易见，这需要培训;而且急需改变态度和习惯，这是我们不得不考虑的后果。accord构词ac表强调+cord心脏一致v.1.to cause to conform or agree; bring into harmony. 使符合，使同意;使和谐2.to grant, especially as being due or appropriate授予，尤其是应该或恰当地n. 符合，一致习惯用语in accord with 与一致, 与契合(指见解, 观点等); of ones own accord 自愿地, 主动地out of accord (with) (同)不一致;

18、(跟)不调和; accord with 与一致, 与相符真题连线2004 Text 4Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. 按照霍夫斯塔特的观点，才学不同于天生的智力，它是一种我们不太情愿去赞赏的品质。accountant构词ac表强调+count计数+ant人会计n.会计人员，会计师真题连线1999 Passage 3It is, however, presumptuous to insist that there

19、will only be so many jobs for so many scientists, so many businessmen, so many accountants. 然而，去臆断科学家、商人、会计职位的数量是武断的。accumulate构词ac表强调+cumul堆积+ate堆积起来积累v.gradually get or gather together积累, 聚集而成;堆积真题连线2001 Passage1Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation

20、of scientific knowledge. 专业化可被视为针对科学知识不断膨胀这个问题所作出的反应。accurate 构词ac表强调+cur关心+ate表强调关心，弄精确为止a.1.free from error 正确无误的2.careful and exact 精确的; 准确的真题连线1995 Passage 3Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business,

21、social and family life, will survive and succeed. 那些拥有准确、可信、最新信息并用来解决日常问题、工作中的重要问题以及社会和家庭问题的人就能生存下去并取得成功。accuracy构词ac表强调+cur关心+acy名词后缀正确n.conformity to fact.准确;准确度;准确(性)真题连线2002 Text 2And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that

22、 can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy-far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. 由于电子和微观机械仪器的不断缩小，现在已有一些机器人系统能够进行精确到毫米的脑部和骨髓手术，其精确性远远超过熟练的医生用他们的双手所能达到的水平。acknowledge构词ac表强调+knowldge知识，学识;知道承认;答谢;报偿;告知收到v.1.accept t

23、he truth of (sth); admit (sth) 承认(某事物)属实; 供认(某事物)2.report that one has received (sth) 告知已收到(某物)链接acknowledgementn.承认; 致谢; 感谢真题连线2006 Text 3Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. 渥姆博士承认这些数字还只是保守数字。acquaintance构词ac使+quaint知道+ance名词后缀熟悉n.1.knowledge of a person acquired by a relatio

24、nship less intimate than friendship认识，相识，了解2.a person whom one knows熟人习惯用语a passing acquaintance with对的肤浅的了解have no acquaintance with不熟悉, 不了解make the acquaintance of sb.(make sb. s acquaintance)结识某人真题连线2001 Passage 5While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic declineafter the ma

25、ss redundancies caused by downsizing in the late-80sand is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle class downshifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives. 在美国，这种趋势一开始是对经济衰落所做出的一种反应出现于80年代后期缩小经济规模所引起的大量人员冗余之后在英国，至少在我所认识

26、的中产阶级的简化生活者中，这种趋势仍被认为与节俭有关联，虽然如此，然而我们有着不同的缘由去寻求，使自己的生活简单化。acquire构词ac表强调+quire寻求得到获取vt.1.acquired, acquiring获得(知识等);取得;养成(习惯)2.to gain possession of 占有习惯用语acquire currency 传播; 流传, 散布 acquire acknowledge of 求得的知识真题连线2003 Text 2They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal righ

27、ts misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. 他们应该对读者致编辑的来信及时做出反应，以防止动物权利倡导者借机伪装起真理的外表，猖獗盛行。acquisitive构词ac表强调+quis寻求，询问+itive形容词后缀一再寻求贪婪的a.1.characterized by a strong desire to gain and possess渴望得到的，贪婪的2.tending to acquire and retain ideas or information获得并保存的习惯用语be

28、 acquisitive of(迫切地)想获得真题连线2000 Passage 5What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. 现在的情况是人们不能像以前那样轻易地、公开地坦陈自己的梦想，惟恐别人认为自己爱出风头、贪婪、庸俗不堪。act构词act to do , to drive,“行动，做”n.1.the pr

29、ocess of doing or performing sth过程;一幕2.a decisional product delivered by a legislative body.法案，法令3.a formal written record of proceedings or transactions备忘录，会议记录v.1.to play the part of; assume the dramatic role of扮演2.to behave like or pose as; impersonate假装习惯用语be in on the act参与;clean up(ones)act改进举

30、止get into the act加入，参与;get(ones)act together组织起来，有头绪真题连线1996 Passage 3The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. 为公司做事的经理与员工及他们的需求关系更加直接，但即便是这个经理也很少像逐渐消失的传统家族企业中的、更具家族化体制下的雇主那样对员工的情况了如指掌。activate构词act行动，做+ivate使动用法使活动v.make(sth)active 使(某事物)活动链接active a.活跃的，敏捷的，积极的;在活动中的真题连线1997 Passage 3