考研英语一真题完整版.docx

1、考研英语一真题完整版2011年考研英语(一)真题完整版2011-1-15 11:43腾讯考研 【大 中 小】【我要纠错】 2011年考研真题答案解析专题入口2011考研英语（一）真题完整版参考答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed

2、 laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But _1_some claims to the contrary， laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does _2_short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels， _3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter

3、is difficult to _4_， a good laugh is unlikely to have _5_ benefits the way， say， walking or jogging does._6_， instead of straining muscles to build them， as exercise does， laughter apparently accomplishes the _7_， studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter_8_ muscles， decreasing muscle

4、tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9_the effects of psychological stress. Anyway， the act of laughing probably does produce other types of _10_ feedback， that improve an individuals emotional state. _11_one classical theory of emotion， ou

5、r feelings are partially rooted _12_ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry _13_they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also _14_ tears， evidence suggests that emotions can flow _15_ muscular responses. In an exp

6、eriment published in 1988，social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of wrzburg in Germany asked volunteers to _16_ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile or with their lips， which would produce a（n） _17_ expression. Those forced to exercise their enthusiastically

7、 to funny catoons than did those whose months were contracted in a frown， _19_ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around _20_ ， the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1.Aamong Bexcept Cdespite Dlike2.Areflect Bdemand Cindicate Dproduce3.Astabilizing Bboos

8、ting Cimpairing Ddetermining4.Atransmit Bsustain Cevaluate Dobserve5.Ameasurable Bmanageable Caffordable Drenewable6.AIn turn BIn fact CIn addition DIn brief7.Aopposite Bimpossible Caverage Dexpected8.Ahardens Bweakens Ctightens Drelaxes9.Aaggravate Bgenerate Cmoderate Denhance10.Aphysical Bmental C

9、subconscious Dinternal11.AExcept for BAccording to CDue to DAs for12.Awith Bon Cin Dat13.Aunless Buntil Cif Dbecause14.Aexhausts Bfollows Cprecedes Dsuppresses15.Ainto Bfrom Ctowards Dbeyond16.Afetch Bbite Cpick Dhold17.Adisappointed Bexcited Cjoyful Dindifferent18.Aadapted Bcatered Cturned Dreacted

10、19.Asuggesting Brequiring Cmentioning Dsupposing20.AEventually BConsequently CSimilarly DConverselySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （40 points）Text 1The

11、decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part， the response has been favorable， to say the least. “Hooray！ At last！” wrote Anthony T

12、ommasini， a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise， however， is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini， who had advocated Gilberts appointment in the Times， calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidab

13、le conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez， that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part， I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great condu

14、ctor or even a good one. To be sure， he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions， but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall， or anywhere else， to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf， or boot up my computer and download still m

15、ore recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time， attention， and money of the art-loving public， classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses， dance troupes， theater companie

16、s， and museums， but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap， available everywhere， and very often much higher in artistic quality than todays live performances； moreover， they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the li

17、steners choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilberts own interest in new

18、 music has been widely noted： Alex Ross， a classical-music critic， has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different， more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference？ Merely expanding the orchestras repertoire will not be enou

19、gh. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed， they must first change the relationship between Americas oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilberts appointment hasAincurred criticism.Braised suspicion.Creceived acclaim.Daroused curiosity.22. T

20、ommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who isAinfluential.Bmodest.Crespectable.Dtalented.23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoersAignore the expenses of live performances.Breject most kinds of recorded performances.Cexaggerate the variety of live performances.Doverestimate the value of l

21、ive performances.24. According to the text， which of the following is true of recordings？AThey are often inferior to live concerts in quality.BThey are easily accessible to the general public.CThey help improve the quality of music.DThey have only covered masterpieces.25. Regarding Gilberts role in

22、revitalizing the Philharmonic， the author feelsAdoubtful.Benthusiastic.Cconfident.Dpuzzled.Text 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August， his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses， he came right out and said he w

23、as leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision，” McGee says. Within two weeks， he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group， which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without

24、 a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isnt alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for

25、 a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure， executives who dont get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery

26、begin to take hold， deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter， CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had， according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up， opportunities will abound for aspiring lead

27、ers.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey：“I cant think of a single search

28、Ive done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job havent always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age， saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based

29、 commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between j

30、obs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was its safer to stay where you are， but thats been fundamentally inverted，” says one headhunter. “The people whove been hurt the worst are those whove stayed too long.”26. When McGee announced his departure， his manner can best be described as beingA

31、arrogant.Bfrank.Cself-centered.Dimpulsive.27. According to Paragraph 2， senior executives quitting may be spurred byAtheir expectation of better financial status.Btheir need to reflect on their private life.Ctheir strained relations with the boards.Dtheir pursuit of new career goals.28. The word “poached” （Line 3， Paragraph 4） most probably meansAa