1、C语言程序设计答案 曹计昌第一章习题1.4原码:对于一个二进制数X,如果规定其最高位为符号位,其余各位为该数的绝对值,并且规定符号位值为0表示正,为1表示负,采用这种方式的二进制编码称为该二进制数X的原码。补码:正数的补码等于正数的原码,负数的补码为其原码除符号位不动外,其余各位变反再加1所得。反码:对于正数而言,反码与原码相同;对于负数而言,反码符号位的定义与原码相同,但需要将对应原码的数值位按位变反。1.5 和:10101010差:000100001.6 和 01073 差 -03371.7 和 0x1AABA差 -0x53201.8(251)10=(11111011)2=(373)8=(
2、FB)161.10在16位机中,157补= 0000000010011101 -153补= 111111*1157-153=157+(-153)= (0000000010011101) 2+(1111111101100111) 2=(0000000000000100) 2=(4) 101.14算法设计:用变量s存储累加和,k表示计数描述为:(1)定义变量s,k。(2)s清零,k赋初值1。(3)判断k101?如果是,顺序执行(4);否则转步骤(5);(4)k加到累加和变量s中,k加1;转步骤(3)。(5)输出累加和s。(6)结束。开始结束int s=0,k=1;k101?s=s+k;k=k+1;
3、输出sNY1.16 第二章习题2.2(1) x, +, +, y(2)-, 0xabL(3)2.89e+12L(4)”String+” FOO”(5)x, *, *, 2(6)”X?/”(7)a, ?, b(8)x, -, +=, y(9)intx, =, +, 10(10)”String”, “FOO”2.3不是表识符的如下:4th 首字母为数字 sizeof关键字x*y *不是字母、数字、下划线temp-2 -不是字母、数字、下划线isnt 不是字母、数字、下划线enum 关键字2.4合法常数:.12 0.L 1.E-5 3.F 浮点型常量2L 33333 0377UL 0x9cfU 整型
4、常量“a” “” 字符串常量45 a 字符常量非法常数:必须用转义序列0x1ag 十六进制没有gE20 没有尾数部分18 要用八进制数xa 格式错误,可以是xa“34” 需要转义序列” 需要转义序列2.5(1)int a, b=5;(2)double h;(3)int x=2.3; 0.3 会被截取。(4)const long y=1; 必须赋初值(5)float a= 2.5*g; g 没有定义。(6) int a=b=2; 在 turbo C 中编译出错:未定义的符号b在main函数中。2.6(1)4(2)0(3)1(4)6(5)8(6)0(7)3.00(8)1(9)108(10)02.7
5、 答案不确定(1)a=b=c c未定义(2)正确(3)正确(4)正确(5)a*+-b 表达式缺值(6)a|bi 运算的操作数必须是整型,而i不是(7)i*j%a %运算的操作数必须是整型,而a不是(8)正确(9)正确(10)int(a+b) 应该改成(int)(a+b)2.9(1)0(2)-2(3)65535(4)5(5)60(6)113(7)-2(8)-1(9)65532(10)32.10unsigned long encrypt(unsigned long x) unsigned long x0,x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7; x0=(x & 0x0000000F) 8; x1
6、=(x & 0x000000F0); x2=(x & 0x00000F00) 8; x3=(x & 0x0000F000); x4=(x & 0x000F0000) 24; x7=(x & 0xF0000000); return(x0|x1|x2|x3|x4|x5|x6|x7);2.11#includevoid main()unsigned long in;unsigned long a,b,c,d;scanf(%ld,&in);/in=1563;a=(in&0xff000000)24;b=(in&0x00ff0000)16;c=(in&0x0000ff00)8;d=in&0x000000ff
7、;printf(%d.%d.%d.%d,a,b,c,d);2.15(k 8)& 0xFF00) | (p & 0x00FF)b?ac?a:c:bc?b:c;max=a b ? (a c) ? a : c):(b c) ? b : c);2.17X=yn2.18(c=0 & c=9)? c 0 : c2.19(a % 3 = 0) & (a % 10 = 5) ? a : 0;第三章习题3.1 函数原型是指对函数的名称、返回值类型、参数的数目和参数类型的说明。其规定了调用该函数的语法格式,即调用形式。putchar函数的原型为:int putchar(int c);puts函数的原型为: int
8、 puts(const char *s);printf函数的原型为:int printf(const char *format,);getchar函数的原型为:int getchar_r(void);gets函数的原型为:char * gets_r(char *s);scanf函数的原型为: int scanf(const char *format,);3.2 不同点: puts为非格式输出函数,printf为格式输出函数; puts函数的参数类型和数目一定(一个字符串),printf函数的参数类型和数目不固定; puts函数输出后会自动换行,printf函数没有这一功能。 相同点:二者都向标
9、准设备输出; 二者返回值类型都为int。3.3 x1=-1,177777,ffff,65535 x2=-3,177775,fffd,65533 y1=123.456703, 123.457,123.457,123.457 (注意对齐) y2=123.449997,1.23450e+02,123.45 x1(%4d)= -13.4 %c;%c;%f;%f;%lu;%d;%d;%d;%f;%Lf3.5 错误,运行提示为divide error 正确,结果为b 正确,结果为 * 正确 正确,但无法正常从结果中退出 正确 正确,结果为82,63 编译错误,提示 cannot modify a cons
10、t object 正确 正确3.6 -6.70000 -6 177601 123 -2 03.8#includevoid main() char c; c= getchar_r(); if(c=0&c=A&c=a&c=0&c=A&c=F) printf(%dn,c-A+10); else printf(%dn,c-a+10); else putchar(c);3.9#includevoid main() short num,high,low; printf(Please input a short number:n); scanf(%hd,&num); low = 0x00ff & num;
11、high = 0x00ff & (num 8); printf(The high byte is:%cn, high); printf(The low byte is:%cn, low); 3.10#include stdafx.hint main(int argc, char* argv) unsigned short int x; unsigned short int high,low; printf(input a integer:n); scanf(%d,&x); high = (x12)&0x000f; low = (x12)&0xf000; x= x&0x0ff0; x=x|hig
12、h|low; printf(%dn,x); return 0;3.11#includevoid main()unsigned short int x,m,n;unsigned short int result;scanf(%hu%hu%hu,&x,&m,&n);result=(x(m-n+1)(15-n+1);printf(%hun,result);3.12#includevoid main() float f,c; scanf(%f,&f); c=(5*(f-32)/9; printf(%.0f(F)=%.2f(C)n,f,c);或者#includevoid main()int f;floa
13、t c; scanf(%d,&f); c=(5*(f-32)/9; printf(%d(F)=%.2f(C)n,f,c);3.13#include #define PI (3.1415926)int main(int argc, char* argv) double r, h; double s, v; printf(Please input the r and h.); scanf(%lf,%lf, &r, &h); s = 2 * PI * r * h + 2 * PI * r * r; v = PI * r * r * h; printf(s is %lf, v is %lf, s, v
14、); return 0;3.14#include stdafx.hint main(int argc, char* argv) char a4 = 编; printf(机内码:%x%xtn,a0&0xff,a1&0xff); printf(区位码:%xtn,a0&0xff8+a1&0xff-0x2020-0x8080); printf(国际码:%xtn,a0&0xff8+a1&0xff-0x8080); return 0;第四章习题4.1#include void main(void)float a,b,c;printf(Please enter the score of A:n);scanf
15、(%f,&a);printf(Please enter the score of B:n);scanf(%f,&b);printf(Please enter the score of C:n);scanf(%f,&c);if(a-b)*(a-c)0) printf(A gets the score %.1f,a);if(b-a)*(b-c)0) printf(B gets the score %.1f,b);if(c-a)*(c-b)0) printf(C gets the score %.1f,c);4.3#include int mdays(int y,int m) if (m=2) re
16、turn (y%4=0 & (y%100=0 | y%400=0)?29:28; else if (m=4 | m=6 | m=9 | m=11) return 30; else return 31;main() int y,m,d,days; printf(Enter year:); scanf(%d,&y); printf(Enter month:); scanf(%d,&m); printf(Enter day:); scanf(%d,&d); days=d; while(m1)days+=mdays(y,m-1);m-; printf(%dn,days);4.4 if方法:#inclu
17、de stdafx.h#include int main(int argc, char* argv) float x = 0; printf(input the salaryn); scanf(%f,&x); if(x0 & x1000) printf(0n); else if(x2000) printf(%fn,x*0.05); else if(x3000) printf(%fn,x*0.1); else if(x4000) printf(%fn,x*0.15); else if(x5000) printf(%fn,x*0.2); else printf(%fn,x*0.25); retur
18、n 0;Case方法:#include stdafx.h#include int main(int argc, char* argv) float x ; printf(input the salaryn); scanf(%f,&x); int xCase = 0; xCase = (int)(x/1000.0); switch(xCase) case 0: printf(0n); break; case 1: printf(%fn,x*0.05); break; case 2: printf(%fn,x*0.1); break; case 3: printf(%fn,x*0.15); bre
19、ak; case 4: printf(%fn,x*0.2); break; default: printf(%fn,x*0.25); return 0;4.7#include stdafx.h#include int main(int argc, char* argv) char *sa; char c; int i = 0,j = 0,k = 0; do c= getchar_r(); sai+ = c; while(c != r); for(i=0;sai+1;i+) for(j = i+1;saj;j+) if( sai=saj & saj = ) for(k=j;sak;k+) sak
20、 = sak+1; j-; for(k=0;sak;k+) printf(%2c,sak); return 0;4.10#include #define EPS 1e-5void main() int s=1; float n=1.0,t=1.0,pi=0; while(1.0/n=EPS) pi=pi+t; n=n+2; s=s*(-1); t=s/n; pi=pi*4; printf(pi=%10.6fn,pi);4.11#includeint main() int a,b,num1,num2,temp; printf(Input a & b:); scanf(%d%d,&num1,&num2); if(num1num2) temp=num1; num1=num2; num2=temp; a=num1; b=num2; while(b!=0) temp=a%b; a=b; b=temp; printf(The GCD of %d and %d is: %dn,num1,num2,a); printf(The LCM of them is: %dn,num1*num2/a);4.13#include stdafx.h#incl
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