专题09 语法填空十年高考英语真题分项详解全国通用解析版.docx

1、专题09 语法填空十年高考英语真题分项详解全国通用 解析版专题09 语法填空【2021年】1.（2021年新高考I卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song“The Long and Winding Road”. _56_is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once y

2、ou are at the top will remind you how tiny we _57_ (human) are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will _58_(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _59_ (hot) the spring!

3、Strange, isnt it? But thats how nature is always leaving us _60_(astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps. You cant help wondering how hard it _61_ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it

4、highlights the whole adventure _62_offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _63_ (ache) legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in _64_(I).While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is _65_ must to v

5、isit!【答案】56. What 57. humans 58. undoubtedly 59. hotter 60. astonished 61. was 62. and 63. aching 64. mine 65. a【解析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物云海，温泉以及台阶。【56题】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。【57题】考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human

6、的复数形式。故填humans。【58题】考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！修饰动词help，应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。【59题】考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the +比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越，越”。故填hotter。【60题】考查形容词。句意：但大自然就是这样总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾形容词。故填astonished。【61题】考查一般过去时。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难

7、。分析句子可知，“how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。【62题】考查连词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights the whole adventure”与“offers a place”部分为并列关系，都是作it的谓语，故用并

8、列连词and。【63题】考查形容词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知，此处应用形容词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs，意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。【64题】考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitors memory”可知，本句为does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故

9、填mine。【65题】考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。2.（2021年全国甲卷）The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history. It _41_ (build) originally to protect the city _42_ the Tang dynasty and has now bee

10、n completely restored (修复). It is possible _43_ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After _44_ (spend) some time looking at all the defensiv

11、e equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what _45_ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!We _46_ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky _47_ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all _48_ way around the Xian City Wall.

12、 Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and _49_ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their _50_ (day) routines.【答案】41. was built 42. in 43. to walk 44. spending 45. better 46. hired 47. but 48. the 49. watchtowers 50. dail

13、y【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。【41题】考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。【42题】考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。【43题】考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我

14、们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。【44题】考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。【45题】考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than

15、可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。【46题】考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。【47题】考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。【48题】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the

16、。【49题】考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。【50题】考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。3.（2021年全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourism

17、 is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become _61_ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and

18、benefits the _62_(develop)of the local areas. Ecotourism has _63_(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept _64_ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to _65_ growing popularity of envi

19、ronmentally-related and adventure travel, various types _66_ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:Minimize the impact of _67_(visit)the place. Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. Pro

20、vide _68_(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples. Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity._69_(activity)there range from whale watch

21、ing to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim _70_(have) a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】61. educated 62. development 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. of 67. visiting 68. financial 69. activities 70. to have【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必

22、须满足一些规定。【61题】考查形容词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对有所了解”。故填educated。【62题】考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。【63题】考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于2

23、0世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。【64题】考查固定句型。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到才”使用固定句型“notuntil”。故填until。【65题】考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure t

24、ravel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。【66题】考查介词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。【67题】考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。【68题】考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financia

25、l。故填financial。【69题】考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填activities。【70题】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。4.（2021年1月浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重

26、指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 28 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 29 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a

27、 30 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 31 (consider) healthy. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 33 (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers des

28、cribed “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 35(sharp). Th

29、is may be due to some disadvantages for people 36 (live) in the countryside, including 37 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.【答案】28and29that/which30persons31is considered32by33was34Studied35sharply36living37lower【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体

30、重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的体重指数（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。28考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。29考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。

31、分析句子结构可知，tool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。30考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的，用 person的名词所有格persons。故填persons。31考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered。32考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。33考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。34考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的