1、中考英语专题20 定语从句 单选题解析版专题20 定语从句 单选题1.(2019山东滨州)Do you know the man _ spoke at the meeting just now?- No, I dont know.A. what B. who C. which D. whose【答案】B【解析】句意:你认识刚才在会上讲话的那个人吗?不,我不认识。考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句,what不是关系词不可引导定语从句,可排除。who用于先行词是人时;which用于先行词是物时;whose表示物主,后面需接名词;本句先行词the man是人,根据句意结构和语境,可知选B。2.(2019
2、江苏淮安)The charities have helped more children with the money _ people raise.A. who B. what C. where D. which【答案】D【解析】句意:慈善机构用人们筹集的钱帮助了更多的儿童。A. who关系词,先行词是人;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. where关系副词,在定语从句中做状语;D. which关系代词,先行词是物。people raise 修饰the money,先行词是物,关系词用which引导。根据题意,故选D。3.(2019湖北黄冈)Tomorrow is Fathers Day
3、. Whats your surprise for your father? The first thing_ I will do is to make a card for him.A. who B. where C. whose D. that【答案】D【解析】句意: 明天就是父亲节了。你想给你的父亲什么样的惊喜? 我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。A. who谁;B. where哪里;C. whose谁的;D. that用来引出从句。当先行词是序数词或其被序数词修饰时,引导词用that来引导。空前面的先行词是The first thing,是序数词,因此本题的引导词应该用that。故选
4、D。4.(2019湖南郴州)All the classmates enjoyed the cake _I made at the party. It was really deliciousA. that B. who C. what【答案】A【解析】句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词;先行词是人或物;B. who关系代词,先行词是人;C. what什么,不能引导宾语从句。I made at the party.是定语从句修饰先行词the cake,在这里是物,用关系词that。根据题意,故选A。5.(2019湖北鄂州) Do you like th
5、e weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? Sure. Its a great TV program _ can develop the habit of reading.A. who B. that C. what D. whose【答案】B【解析】句意:-你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目朗读者吗?-当然了,这是一个很棒的节目,能培养阅读的习惯。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,who是关系代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词人或物都可以,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句,先排除;whose的,先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从
6、句的先行词是program,故排除A;D选项意思不合适。故应选B。6.(2019甘肃兰州)The movie _ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.A. who B. which C. where D. when【答案】B【解析】句意:我看过两次的电影是流浪地球。A. who谁,指人的引导词;B. which哪一个,指物的引导词;C. where哪里,指地点;D. when什么时间,指时间。本题考查定语从句。先行词是The movie,因此引导词用which。故选B。7.(2019山东临沂)Peppa Pig (小猪佩奇) is a Britis
7、h cartoon _has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.A. who B. which C. /【答案】B【解析】句意:小猪佩奇是一部在中国很受欢迎的英国动画片,深受幼儿和父母的喜爱。根据句子结构,空后部分是作定语修饰British cartoon, 所以是定语从句。先行词是British cartoon, 是物,故选B。8.(2019贵州安顺)Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is
8、the woman _used the special power of the plant to save _lives.A. which, millions of B. who, millions ofC. whose, million of D. who, million of【答案】B【解析】句意:青蒿是中国常见的一种植物,而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词who;短语millions of:数以百万的;故选B。9.(2019四川眉山)Success al
9、ways belongs to those _ have tried their best to make their dreams come true.A. who B. whom C. whose D. which【答案】A【解析】句意“成功总是属于那些尽他们最大的努力让他们梦想实现的人”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作宾语;C.指人或物,在从句中作定语;D.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句话中,先行词为those,指人,且在从句中作主语,故选A。10.(2019广东)1Not all children _ watch this video will
10、 become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.A. whom B. which C. who D. whose【答案】C【解析】句意:不是所有的看这个录像的孩子会成为科学家,但是有一些也许会对科学感兴趣。分析句子结构,本题是定语从句。whom关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中作宾语。 which关系代词,先行词是物,在从句中作主语和宾语。who关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中作主语和宾语。whose关系代词,先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语。根据句子结构,可知先行词是children(人),并且从句中缺少主语,所以用关系代
11、词who;故选C。11.(2019湖南湘西)一What kind of movies do you like?一I prefer movies _ give me something to think about.A. that B. what C. where【答案】A【解析】句意: 你喜欢什么类型的电影? 我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。A. that:指人或物,做主语或宾语;B. what什么,不能引导定语从句,排除;C. where哪里,先行词是表示地点的。本题的先行词是movies,指物,因此用that 来引导。故选A。12.(2019四川内江)The book _was written
12、 by him is very interesting.A. who B. whom C. which D. /【答案】C【解析】句意:他写的那本书很有趣。考查关系代词。A. who代指人,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;B. whom代指人,在定语从句中做宾语;C. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构,可知本句为定语从句,先行词the book为物,而且从句中缺主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which;故答案选C。13.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨)-Have you got ready for the soccer game?-Yes,Ive done ev
13、erything _ I can to win the game.A. who B. that C. which【答案】B【解析】句意:你准备好参加足球比赛了吗?是的,我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。本题考查定语从句的连接词,who的先行词是人,that的先行词是人或物,which的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时,只能用that,不能用which,故答案为B。14.(2019河南)Do you know the boy over there?The one _ is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.A. what B. which C. who
14、 D. 不填【答案】C【解析】句意: 你认识那边那个男孩吗? 那个拿着球的人?哦,他是我的邻居菲尔。本题考查定语从句。A. what什么;B. which哪一个;C. who谁。what引导的是主语,表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从句。因为定语从句是形容词性质的。而what所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A;分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知,本题缺少的是主语,且关系词在定语从句中做主语,不能省略。故选项D不对;我们知道:who 的先行词是人,which的先行词是物。本题的The one是指上文的the boy over there,指人
15、的先行词,因此应该用who来引导。故选C。15.(2019贵州贵阳)Wang Yangming is a great educationalist _ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A. which B. what C. who【答案】C【解析】句意:王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家,他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是物;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. who关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,根据 educationalis指人,所以用who,故选C。16.(2019湖南岳阳)Ill
16、never forget the story _.A. that cheers me up B. who cheers me up C. what cheers me up【答案】A【解析】句意:我将永远不会忘记那个使我振作起来的故事。that cheers me up使我振作起来;who cheers me up使我振作起来的人;what cheers me up使我振作起来的。根据句子结构可知,该空应该是一个定语从句,修饰空前的名词the story,指物,故B不对,who引导的定语从句,先行词应该是人;C选项中what不能引导定语从句,也不对。故应选A。17.(2019吉林)Mr.Bro
17、wn is a teacher _ is strict with all is students.A. which B. who C. where【答案】B【解析】句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选B。18.(2019辽宁盘锦)A landmark(里程碑) in the history of science was made by a photo _ was taken on April 10th abou
18、t the black hole in a faraway galaxy(星系).A. who B. which C. what D. when【答案】B【解析】句意:4月10日,一张被拍摄的遥远星系黑洞的照片,是科学史上的一个里程碑。本题考查定语从句。A. who谁;B. which哪个;C. what什么;D. when什么时候。选项C. what不能用来引导定语从句,排除;本题的先行词是a photo,名词,因此用引导词which来引导。故选B。19.(2019福建)Du Fuguo is a hero _ is known to millions of Chinese people.A
19、. who B. which C. what【答案】A【解析】句意“杜富国是一个许多中国人都知道的英雄”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.定语从句中关系词没有what。先行词为a hero,指人,在从句中作主语,故选A。20.(2019甘肃天水)Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?Yes. Its the best one _ I have ever seen.A. that B. which C. what D. it【答案】A【解析】句意:你看过流浪地球这部电影吗?这是我看
20、到过的电影中最好的一部。此句考查定语从句的关联词,that/which可以引导定语从句,what,it不能引导定语从句,首先排除C,D;先行词是不定代词one,前面被形容词的最高级best修饰,引导词只能用that不能用which,故答案为A.21.(2019甘肃定西)I prefermusic_has great lyrics.A. who B. whose C. that D. /【答案】C【解析】句意“我喜欢有美妙的歌词的音乐”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;B.指人或物,在从句中作定语;C.指人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;D.若that在从句中作宾语,that
21、可省。本句话中先行词为music,指物,且在从句中作主语,用that,故选C。22.(2019贵州铜仁)“What are you doing?” “We are talking about the books and writers _ we like.”A. that B. which C. who D. whom【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句的引导词用法。句意:“你们在做什么?我们在谈论我们喜欢的书籍和作家。”。本句的定语从句的先行词是book书和writer人,所以关系代词用that,故选A。23.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特)Sitting down after a walk is re
22、laxing. But would you like to sit on a seat_tell you your weight?A. / B. who C. whom D. that【答案】D【解析】句意:散步后坐下来很令人放松。但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗?考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句,who和whom用于先行词是人时,前者多做主语(也可做宾语),后者只做宾语;that指人或物,可省略。本句先行词seat是物,可排除BD两项;引导词做从句的主语,that不可省略,故选D。24.(2019四川达州)Frank, look! Who are the children under
23、the tree _ waiting in a line?They are the students from No. Primary School.A. that are B. where are C. which is D. who is【答案】A【解析】句意:弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?他们是来自第一小学的学生。考查定语从句。根据句意:弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁? 他们是来第一小学的学生可知先行词是children,指人,作主语,故选代词用who/that;children是复数,系词用are,故选:A。25.(2019四川遂宁)My mother doesnt li
24、ke stories _have sad endings.A. that B. who C. where D. those【答案】A【解析】句意:我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事。根据句子结构可知这里考查定语从句的引导词,先排除D;先行词是stories,指物,排除B;且定语从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词,排除C,故选:A。26.(2019湖南湘潭)On Monday April 15, 2019, the fire_broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the worldA. that B. who C. where【答案】A【解析
25、】句意:2019年4月15日,周一,巴黎圣母院发生大火震惊了全世界。A. that先行词是人或物,B. who先行词是人;C. where先行词是地点名词。本句先行词是 fire,指物,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词用which/that。故答案为A。27.(2019广西玉林)Hey Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me?You mean, the new police story _was filmed by Chen Musheng?A. who B. what C. whose D. which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句
26、引导词辨析。句意:嘿,安娜。你愿意和我去看电影白色风暴吗?你的意思是由陈木胜拍摄的新警察故事?定语从句的先行词story是物,关系代词在句中做主语,所以引导词用which,故选D。28.(2019湖北随州)What kind of movies do you like? I prefer movies _give me something to think about.A. which B. who C. what D. when【答案】A【解析】句意:你喜欢什么种类的电影?我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。A. which关系词,先行词是物;B. who关系词,先行词指人;C. what不能
27、引导定语从句;D. when关系副词,在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物,关系词用which。根据题意,故选A。29.(2019四川成都)The boy _ lost is crying there.How do you know he gets lost?A. whose B. who C. whos【答案】C【解析】句意:那个迷路的男孩在那里哭。你怎么知道他迷路了?考查定语从句。whose关系代词,先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语。who关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中做主语或宾语。本题先行词boy是人,并且从句部分缺少主语和谓语,且空格后无名词。所以选用关系代词who, be lo
28、st迷路。排除A,B。C. whos=who is. 故选C。30.(2019四川乐山)What are you looking for?Im looking for the storybook _ you lent to me last week.A. who B. which C. when【答案】B【解析】句意“-你正在找什么?-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。本题考查定语从句。A.who指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;B.which指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C.when表示时间,在从句中作状语。本句话中,先行词为the storybook,指物,且在从句中作宾语,故选B。31.(2019
29、湖南长沙)China is getting better at making hi-tech products _ can be bought in all parts of the world.A. who B. which C. what【答案】B【解析】句意:中国在制造高科技产品方面很擅长,并且这些产品世界各地都能买到。此句考查定语从句的关系词。who引导定语从句时,先行词是人,who在从句中作主语或宾语;which引导定语从句时,先行词是物,which在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句。本句的先行词是hi-tech products,指物,用which来引导,故答案为B。3
30、2.(2019辽宁营口) Tom, where do you work?I work in a shop _ sells different kinds of vegetables.A. which B. who C. where D. what【答案】A【解析】分析句子可知是定语从句,首先排除D选项,what不能作关系词;空格处缺少主语,副词不能作主语,所以排除C 选项where;先行词是a shop,指物,所以关系词用which,作主语,排除B选项故选:A33.(2019湖南株洲)We have decided to sell five things _ we no longer use.
31、A. that B. where C. who【答案】A【解析】句意“我们已经决定卖5个我们不再用的东西”。本题考查定语从句。A.关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;B.关系副词,表示地点,在从句中作状语;C.关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语和宾语。本句话中,先行词为five things,指物,且在从句中作宾语,用that,故选A。34.(2019黑龙江大庆) The book _ I read last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. who【答案】A【解析】句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whose先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who先行词是人,在从句中作
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