英语高考答题技巧.docx

1、英语高考答题技巧英语高考答题技巧定语从句及连词as与which均可替代整个主句在非限制性定语从句中,均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后,两者皆可用;如从句在主句之前,用as。介词/逗号后, 永远不用that!关系代词as的考查。关系代词as引导限制性定语从句时既可指人又可指物。它只能替代由such,the same等修饰的先行词;as引导非限制性定语从句时,可放于句首,句中或置于句尾,而which则只能置于主句之后。但如果定语从句为否定句或表示否定意义,使用which。As引导的定性定语从句有2010全国As a child , Jack studied in a village schoo

2、l ,_ is named after his grandfather.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that空格设置在名词school后, 且school后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中的关系代词只有which和that, 由于是非限定性定语从句, 不能使用that, 因此选择A。2010四川After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling,turned out to be a wise

3、decision.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前边整个句子。句意为:大学毕业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。2009山东Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. that不论何时遇见她, 她总是用甜美的微笑和我打招呼,这是非常经常的事。考查非限制性定语从句, 从句_ was fairly often插在主句中的时间状语从句后,

4、 关系代词which可代替主句整个句子的意思并在从句中作主语。答案B。2009辽宁Theyve won their last three matches, _I find a bit surprisingA. thatB. whenC. whatD. which此处意思是他们赢得了最后的三场比赛, 我觉得这确实有点让人意外, which代替上句Theyve won their last three matches做find的宾语, 选D。A项不能用于非限制性定语从句中, B, C此处没有他们的意思。状语从句及连词2011四川卷volleyball is her main focus, shes

5、 also great at basketball.A. SinceB. OnceC. UnlessD. While虽然排球是她的主要项目,但她还擅长篮球。while“虽然,尽管”。答案D。2010全国Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal .A. so thatB. althoughC. whileD. as ifso that译为以便表示目的, although译为尽管, 虽然, as if译为好像, while译为当.的时候, 因此while符合句意, 选择C。2009安徽I wonder how much you

6、charge for your services.The first two are free the third costs $30.A. whileB. untilC. whenD. beforewhile表转折而, 然而。根据句子意思, 前两份免费, 而第三份要$30。2006全国We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, , in fact, there were 40.此题考查连词的用法。while在此表示转折, 意为但是, 而。2006天津The cost of living in Glasgow is among t

7、he lowest in Britain, the quality of life is probably one of the highest.根据句中among the lowest in Britain和probably one of the highest可知前后的意义存在对比;while用作连词, 可用于表示对比或相反的情况, 而;但是。名词性从句区别什么从句应看主句,主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时,从句可能是定语从句,状语从句,或者同位语从句。需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成份时,指人用指物用不缺意思和成份时用That只有

8、在宾语从句中可以省略。引导主、宾、表语从句时,what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分,that不作任何成分,只在语法上起连接的作用。_we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What; whatB. what; thatC. That; thatD. That; what本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句,且两个从句都缺乏宾语,可见两个引导词都必须充当成分,所以答案是A。_ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Where该题答案是A,what

9、在主语从句中作主语,即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中,that不充当任何成份,只起语法连接作用(因为句子本身不缺成分):2011江西卷The villagers have already known well do is to rebuild the bridge.考察宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥,后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物,所以选择what。答案:C2011四川卷Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed

10、.A. whyB. howC. whatD. whichin介词后面接宾语从句,且从句中缺do的宾语,故选C项。why、how在句中作状语; which在名词性从句中作定语。选C.2011陕西卷Id like to start my own business thats Id do if I had the money.所填词引导的从句位于系动词之后,是表语从句,所填词在从句中做宾语,指物,用what,选D。其余选项与题意不符。2011北京卷Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. WhichB. WhatC. T

11、hatD. Whom考察名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少offer的宾语,选择what。抽象名词前加a/an表具体的人或物。抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,如Failure is the mother of success.success(抽象名词) a success(具体化) 成功的人或事a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西2011山东卷Take your timeits just_short distance from here to_restaurant.A.不填;theB. a; th

12、eC. the; aD.不填;a句意为别急从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。a short distance短距离,是固定搭配的短语;the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆,故用the特指。答案:B2011浙江卷Experts think that _recently discovered painting may be _ Picsso. ;不填B. a ;theC. a ; 不填D. the; a句意为专家认为,最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。the painting特指最近发现的油画;a Picsso意为a Picssos painting,指毕加索的一件作品,有one的含义。

13、答案:D2010福建Itsthem pleasure.A. 不填, aB. a, 不填C. the, aD. a, thegood feeling并非特指, 故用a;pleasure是抽象名词, 无需冠词。句意为人们喜欢上海世博会给它们的快乐, 这是(一)种不错的感觉 a good feeling , 一种不错的感觉, give sb pleasure。答案B(2006全国卷) Hello,could I speak to A.不填;a;theC. 不填;the;a题意为:我原先认识一个叫约翰列农的人,不是那个着名的约翰列农。据题意可知叫约翰列农的人很多他只是其中一位,故用a;那位着名的也即是

14、特指的,应用the。(2005湖南卷)I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons only,the,the,a,a题意为:我记不清罗宾逊一家人何时离开这坐城市了。我只记得是星期一。第一空用the 表示双方都明白的人或物;第二空用a表示不确定的某个周一。【答案】D2010江苏The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_ people from allA.不填;aB. 不填;theC. the;aD. the;the第一空,来自社会各阶层的人. 是不特指,不用冠词. 第二空, 在Jian

15、gsu 前有形容词new 因此,应加冠词a.表示一个全新的江苏.答案A.;a;the;the;a稍稍休息如何我想打个电话。break相当于rest,make a call相当于call.【答案】D;theB./;the;/;a题意为:我想赶早班车但没能找到到车站去的车。第一空用the表示双方都明白的人或物;第二空用a,get a ride=ride.【答案】DA. a;the;a;a;the我喜欢你的衬衫的颜色,与你的短裙极相配。a good match相当于match well. 答案C2010四川In most countries, a university degree can give

16、 youA. the; aB. the; 不填C.不填; 不填D.不填; amost countries此处表泛指, most前不加定冠词the.第二个空处应为一个高起点的开始, 故用a ,正确答案为D。It:作形式主语和形式宾语当动词不定式,动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it 作句子的形式主语:当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,动名词,宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面,而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前:注意:see to it that(务必)和take it for granted that(想当然)句型中的it,以及词组make it中的it(做事成功,搞定)

17、。2011北京卷The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .A. themB. thoseC. itD. that句意为由于当地政府的努力,大城市里的就业率持续升高。it代指前面交代过的the employment rate,是单数,而them和those是复数。答案:C2011江西卷Why dont you bring _ to his attention that youre too ill to wor

18、k onA. that考查代词it作形式宾语的用法。句意为为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能工作it作形式宾语,指代句子后面that引导的宾语从句。答案:B2011山东卷The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other.A. itB. themC. herD. that句意为这两个女孩长得很相似,不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。it在此句中充当形式宾语,代指to tell one from the other。答案:A2011天津卷We feel our duty

19、to make our country a better place.A. itB. thisC. thatD. one句意为我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好是我们的职责。it在此句中充当形式宾语,代指to make our country a better place。答案:A2010全国The doctor thought _would be good for you to have a holiday.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. itIt的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语, it 在这里代指后面的真正宾语to have a holiday。one 的用法

20、常用来代替与上文所提到人或物相类似的不确定的另一人或物(泛指),且被替代者为可数名词单数形式。若下文替代者表示非特指含义,则用a/a na d jo n e形式表示;若下文替代者为另一特指含义,则用t h e o n e或t h ea d jo n e表示;若下文替代时为复数含义,则用t h ea d jo n e s或t h e o n e s表示。2011福建卷We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests.A. eitherB. eachC. oneD

21、. it句意为在你们的假期里,我们这儿有各种暑期夏令营,你们可以根据自己的兴趣任选一个。one代替单数可数名词,表泛指,相当于a/an + 单数名词。这里泛指某个summer camp 夏令营。答案:C2010山东Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age.A. itB. thatC. whatD. one句意应为帮助别人是一种习惯, 一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。空格处与前句中的habit构成同位关系, 所以选择D项。句中you can learn even at an early age是省略了关系代词th

22、at 的定语从句, that在定语从句中作learn的宾语使用。that的用法t h at用来指前文中确定的非同一事物,常用来替代与定冠词或形容词性物主代词连用的单数可数名词或不可数名词,相当于“t h e+名词”,其复数形式为t h o s e。t h at表替代时为始终是特指(作指示代词和关系代词用时另论),可指上文谈到的人、物或情况(均为单数),可代替可数名词和不可数名词。若t h at所代替的内容为前置用法,即要代替的内容将出现在下文中,一般用t h i s,t h e s e或t h e fo l l ow i n g表示。2011重庆卷Silly me! I forget what

23、 my luggage looks like.What do you think of over thereA. the oneB. this指示代词that指时间与空间上较远的事物,over there交代了空间上的远距离。this指时间与空间上较近的事物,the one和it都特指前面曾经交代过的事物。答案:D2010陕西The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.A. thatB. thisC. itD. one所填词用于比较状语从句中, 指代句子的主

24、语cost, 即指代不可数名词, 用that。This指代下文即将提到的事物;it指代同一物;one指代同类中的一个之意。/名词/形容词搭配in要求接in 的名词有:interest、satisfaction、expert等。2007上海Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly size and shape.differ in在方面不同;differ from与不同。答案D2007湖南the silence of the pauses, we could hear each others breathing

25、and could almost hear our own heartbeats.句意为:在停顿的沉默中, 我们能听到对方的呼吸, 甚至能听到我们自己的心跳。A项为在中;B项为因为, 由于;C项为在下面;D项为在之间。in favor of赞成2011湖北When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.A. in terms ofB. in need ofC. in favor ofD. in praise

26、 of句意为“当被问到对于校长的看法时,许多老师都愿意看到他靠边站为更年轻的人让路。”in terms of就而论;in need of需要;in favor of赞成;in praise of表扬,赞扬。答案:C。in detail详细地2011江苏Wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the plan. detail general purpose time句意为“我们最好先详细地讨论好一切,然后再制定计划。”in detail详细地;in general 一般而言, 总的来说;on purpose故意地;on time准时。

27、根据句意,先讨论后定计划,选A。in store贮藏着;储备着2008湖北When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have for her, but now all her worries are gone. need time preparation storein need需要;in time及时;in preparation准备;in store贮藏着;储备着, 由句意可知D 项正确。in turn 反过来2007湖北People try to avoid public transportat

28、ion delays by using their own cars, and this creates further problems. short case doubt turnA项简言之;B项以防万一;C项怀疑;D项反过来。句意为:人们想开自己的车来避免交通耽搁, 这反过来却导致了进一步的问题。答案Din exchange for 作为交换2007山东I have offered to paint the house a weeks accommodation. exchange for regard to means of place ofin exchange for作为交换;with regard to至于, 关于; by means of通过的方式;in place of代替。句意为:我提出愿意粉刷房子, 条件是让我免费吃住一周。答案Ain case万一, 以防2010浙江I guess weve already tal