高考英语真题汇编阅读理解之故事类精解版.docx

1、高考英语真题汇编阅读理解之故事类精解版2017年高考题故事类1.【2017浙江卷6月考，A】Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camels hair. There were no camels

2、 nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he

3、had been doing.The cats lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamins cousins, Mr Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pict

4、ures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr

5、 Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a wellknown painter，came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin co

6、uld read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said，“Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nineyearold boy decided then that he

7、would be an artist.21What is the text mainly about?A. Benjamins visit to Philadelphia.B. Williams influence on Benjamin.C. The beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.22What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?A. The cat would be clo

8、sely watched.B. The cat would get some medical care.C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.23What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.B. He provided him with painting materials.C. He sent him to a

9、 school in Philadelphia.D. He taught him how to make engravings.24Williams two books helped Benjamin to _A. master the use of paintsB. appreciate landscape paintingsC. get to know other paintersD. make up his mind to be a painter【文章大意】 本文是一篇人物介绍类的记叙文，主要讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明韦斯特小时候绘画天赋的培养和他在6至9岁时受到的艺术启蒙教育。21.

10、C主旨大意题。根据文章第一段首句“Benjamin Westshowed his talent for art when”，以及下文第四段首句提到的“In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old”和最后一段内容及最后一句“boy decided then that he would be an artist.”，并结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了Benjamin West (本杰明韦斯特)少年时代的艺术启蒙，特别是69岁阶段，所以C项能概括全文大意。22. D句意理解题。该句需要结合上下文来理解。根据上文第二段提到本杰明剪猫的毛来制作画笔，导致猫的“毁毛破相”

11、，而第三段提到本杰明的堂兄Pennington给他送来了很多画画的颜料和画笔。由此我们可以推断，该下划线句子内容说明“猫的命运不久将得到改善”，而这一点可以从本杰明得到了很多画笔资助推断出来。故这句话隐含着“本杰明将很快不再需要用猫的毛制作画笔了，他将得到很多真正的画笔”的意思，答案选D项。23. B 细节理解题。根据文章第五段首句“In the city, Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”可知，为了更好地培养本杰明的画画天赋，堂兄Pennington给了他很多帮助，提供了创作用的材料等，故选B

12、项。24. D 推理判断题。格局文章最后一段本杰明说的话，以及“While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知，著名画家William给予的两本关于绘画的著作启迪了本杰明幼小的心灵，帮助他打开了通往伟大艺术的殿堂之门，使他立志成为艺术家，所以答案选D项。【名师点睛】本文后两个小题考查了细节题

13、。在完成细节题时，要特别注意排除干扰项。如【小题23】中的D项“He taught him how to make engravings”属于“偷梁换柱”类干扰项，根据第三段第五句“He also sent six engravings by an artist”可知“这些版画是Pennington送给Benjamin的”，并非是Pennington教Benjamin如何画版画，说明D项明显错误。干扰项的设置方法通常有以下几种方式：1.张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。2

14、.偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。3.无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。4.以偏概全。考生在做猜测文章中心思想、给文章添加标题或判断推理题时，往往会犯以偏概全的错误。产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周，以局部代替整体。其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。不合理关联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆。表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆，往往是文章直接表述的结论；深层理解则是对文章中的

15、客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息。学科&网考点：考查记叙文阅读2.【2017北京卷，A】It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighthgrader Taylor Bi

16、sbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didnt know each other wellTaylor had just moved to town a month or so before.Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground.“Pariss eyes rolled back，” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”It certainly was.

17、 Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR？”CPR is a lifesaving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick persons chest so that blood moves

18、through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen, the brain is damaged quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didnt think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was s

19、cary. I knew it was the difference between life and death，” says Taylor.Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them

20、: Pariss heartbeat returned.“I know I was really lucky，” Paris says now. “Most people dont survive this. My team saved my life.”Experts say Paris is right: for a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.Today, Paris is back on the

21、softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now，” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”56What happened to Paris on a March day?AShe caught a bad cold.BShe had a sudden heart problem.CShe was knocked do

22、wn by a ball.DShe shivered terribly during practice.57Why does Paris say she was lucky?AShe made a worthy friend.BShe recovered from shock.CShe received immediate CPR.DShe came back on the softball team.58Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?AEnthusiastic and kind.BCourageous and ca

23、lm.CCooperative and generous.DAmbitious and professional.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了垒球女孩 Paris 在打球的过程中突然心力衰竭， 队友 Taylor对其进行了紧急心肺复苏，Paris因此恢复了心跳的故事。文章旨在说明病人心力衰竭时，其他人保持冷静并对其进行紧急心肺复苏的重要性。56B细节理解题。 根据第三段中“It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.”可知， Paris突然心力衰竭，所以答案为B。57C推理判断题。根据第六段可知队友的协助使P

24、aris得到了及时的救助，所以 Paris说自己很幸运。故答案为 C。58B推理判断题。根据第五段中“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR.”可知Taylor非常的勇敢，以及第六段首句“Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down.”可知， Taylor是一个勇敢、冷静的女孩， 所以答案为 B。【名师点睛】故事类文章是高考阅读理解常选材料之一。这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个人经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时

25、间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。解题技巧： 1、高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋习，或赞扬某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不意的变化，而这些往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。如本题中的第58题，总结人物品质的，Taylor根据自己所学的CPR知识及时的挽救了 Paris的生命，虽然犹豫了，但是很快地进行CPR抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，不像其他孩子那样陷入惊慌之中，故选B。2、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题

26、往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。这类文章同学们常有文章易懂，题目不易做的感觉。要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。切不可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。3、对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。3.【2017全国卷，B】 I work with Volunteers for Wildlif

27、e, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful. I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(

28、猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2 to 3weekold owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree

29、. The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of

30、the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring. A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spir

31、its of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of allLUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably

32、continue to do so.24What is unavoidable in the authors rescue work according to Paragraph 1?AEfforts made in vain.BGetting injured in his work.CFeeling uncertain about his future.DCreatures forced out of their homes.25Why was the author called to Muttontown?ATo rescue a woman.BTo take care of a woman.CTo look at a baby owl.DTo cure a young owl.26What made the chick calm down?AA new nest.BSome food.CA recordin