1、高中英语省略句讲练高中英语省略句讲练为了使话说得简明扼要,英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象,称为省略(ellipsis)种类例句说明主语的省略Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day, isnt it?Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea.有时也可省略整个句子的主语和谓语,只保留次要成分。She was poor but (she was honest.-Did you know an
2、ything about the accident?-Not until you told me. (= I didnt know anything about it until you told me.谓语的省略-what do you think made Mary so upset?-Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset.状语从句的省略Seen from the plane (when it is seen from the plane, the house looks like tiny toys.If (it is possible,
3、Ill go there with you.注意状语从句中的主语同主句主语的一致性。不定式的省略The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street.-Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?-I was going to (come yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.若不定式后面是完成时,省略时应保留have;不定式后含有动
4、词be的结构时,也要保留be动词。-Did you tell him the news?-I ought to have (told him the news, but I didnt know how to speak.-Are you an engineer?-No, but I want to be.、状语从句中的省略用法一、 如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式(am/is/are/was/were),可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。1、 when,while引导的时间状语从句e.g. Do be careful when (you are cr
5、ossing the street.When/While (I was on my way to work, I met her.2、 if,unless,once引导的条件状语从句e.g. If (it is properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.Ill not go to the party unless (I am invited.Once (you are caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished.3、 though,although,wh
6、ether,no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was poor.Whether (she is sick or well, she is always cheerful.No matter how/However hard the task (is, we must fulfill it in time.(注:从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时,只省略从句中的be动词形式)4、 as if,as though引导的方式状语从句e.g. He rubbed his eyes a
7、nd yawned as if/though (he was waking up after a long sleep.He stood up as if/though (he wanted to leave.(as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作)二、 than,as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法:当不同的主语进行比较时,一般省略从句中的谓语;当从句中的主语与谓语(be动词除外)和主句中的主语与谓语相同时,通常省略从句中的主语和谓语,只保留比较部分。e.g. He is taller than his brother (is.I have as much as conf
8、idence in you as (I have confidence in him.三、 以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法:通常省略了it is,that is,there is/are。e.g. If (it is possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt.If (that is so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm.There are only a few books in our school library, if (there are any.、定语从句中的省略用法关系词的省略
9、 关系代词that,which,whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时,可以省略;in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。e.g. The man (that/who/whom you visited last night is my grandpa.I dont like the way (in which/that you treat the girl.、虚拟语气中if及should的省略1、 当条件状语从句中有were,had,should等时省略if,把它们提至句首,形成倒装句。e.g. If I were a teacher, I would
10、 be strict with my students.= Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students.2、 Suggest,insist,order,require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的从句中,谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。e.g. The doctor suggested that he (should try to lose weight.、不定式符号to的省略1、 感官动词see,hear,feel,watch等和使役动词have,make,let等后接不定式作宾语时,不定式省略t
11、o。(一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch2、 do nothing but,cant help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。E.g. We didnt do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday.Hearing the news, she couldnt help but cry.3、 在特定语境中为了避免重复,当不定式再次出现时,在want,wish,hope,try,plan,like,love,hate后往往只保
12、留to,而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be,have时,也保留be和have。E.g. My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didnt want to.、So和not的替代性省略用于避免重复前面所说过的内容,替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe,do,expect,fear,guess,hope,say,speak,suppose,think,Im afraid等连用e.g. Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting? I suppose not.、
13、日常交际中的省略在情景会话中,答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分,而只保留对方希望了解的内容。在复合句或并列句中,也有省略主、谓、宾的情况。e.g. How many copies do you want? - (I want Three copies, please.- Have you ever been to the Great Wall? - No, (I have never (been to the Great Wall.随讲随练1、Lucy,could you please spare me a few minutes?_,but I hope a few minut
14、es wont turn into a few hours.A. It doesnt matter B. Thats kind of youC. Im afraid not D. I guess so2、Hey,taxi!_I want to go to the dentists.A. Good morning, sir. B. Nice to see you, sir.C. Where to, sir? D. What are you going to do, sir?3、The doctor expresses his strong desire that the patient _ im
15、mediately.A. be operated on B. operated onC. was operated on D. would be operated on4、When he came back, he found the bag he had _ over the seat was gone.A. left to hang B. left hanging C. left hung D. to leave hanging5、Liu Xiang spoke slowly to the Special Olympic competitors so as to have them_.A.
16、 understand him B. to be understoodC. be understood D. to understand him6、Are there any English story books for us students in the library?There are only a few, _.A. if any B. if have C. if some D. if has8、Does Betty know where her violin is?She saw somebody walking off with one, but she doesnt know
17、_.A. whose B. it C. whom D. which9、Arent you the manager?No, and I _.A. dont want B. dont want to C. dont want to be D. dont10、How are you getting on with your work?Oh, Im sorry. Things arent going so well as_.A. plans B. planning C. planned D. to plan11、Whats the matter with you?I didnt pass the te
18、st, but I still_.A. hope so B. hope to C. hope it D. hope that12、The doctor did what he could _ the boy, but in vain.A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved13、You look happy today, Mary.I like my new dress and Mother _, too.A. likes B. does C. is D. do14、What happened to the boy? He was making so much
19、 noise.He wanted to play football, but his mother warned him _.A. not B. to C. not to D./15、_ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.A. If it is not B. Were it notC. Had it not been D. If they were not省略句练习1. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (NMET 20
20、04全国卷IIA. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss. (NMET 2004全国卷IVA. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he
21、was going in the right direction. (NMET 2003 安徽春A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see4. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (NMET2003上海卷A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken5. Unless _ to speak, you should remain sil
22、ent at the conference. (NMET 2003上海春A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited6. When _ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (NMET 2002上海春A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed7. Though _ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university. (N
23、MET 2002上海卷A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in8. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. (NMET 2002A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun9. You re always working. Come on, lets go shopping. _ you ever want to do is going shopping. (NMET 2002北京、安
24、徽、内蒙古春A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That10. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?(NMET 2002上海春A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained11. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. (NMET 2004湖北卷A. the way B. in the w
25、ay that C. in the way D. the way which12. It is easy to do the repair. _ you need is a hammer and some nails. (NMET 2004天津卷A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything13. Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ hes done for you. (NMET 2004全国卷A. something B. anything C. all D. that14.
26、 As youve never been there before, Ill have someone _ you the way. (MET 1990上海卷A. to show B. show C. showing D. showed15. Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?Not at all, _ . (NMET 1995A. I have no time B. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Id be happy to16. Does your brot
27、her intend to study German?Yes, he intends _ . (NMET 1998上海卷A. / B. to C. so D. that17. Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight? _ . (NMET 1999上海卷A. Yes, Id like to go to the Grand TheatreB. Id like to, but I have an exam tomorrowC. No, I wontD. Thats right18. You should have thank
28、ed her before you left.I meant _ , but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere. (NMET 2000北京春招卷A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing to19. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. (NMET 1994上海卷A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will20. _ for the free tickets, I would
29、 not have gone to the films so often. (NMET 1995上海卷A. If it is not B. Were C. Had it not been D. If they were not21. I will know what was on his mind at the time, nor will _ . (NMET 2004 江苏卷A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else22. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither _ an
30、y end to their influence on mans lives. (NMET 2004 广东卷A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there23. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! _ . (NMET 2004全国卷IIIA. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do IKeys:15 BCDBA 610 AADCA 1115 AACBD 1620 BBBBC 2123 BCB
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