英语非谓语动词易错易混点.docx

1、英语非谓语动词易错易混点【英语】非谓语动词易错易混点一、单项选择非谓语动词1All the staff in our company are considering _ to the city centre for the fashion show.Ato go Bgoing Cto have gone Dhaving gone【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们公司所有的员工都在考虑去市中心看时装表演。此处consider的意思是“考虑”，后接名词或动名词，considering sth./doing sth“考虑某事或做某事”，故选B。2Be careful when yo

2、u deal with this chemical, as it will explode when _ to sunlight.Aexposed Bto expose Cexposing Dbeing exposed【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。本题考查短语be exposed to暴露与。句意：处理这种化学物质时要小心，因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。故A正确。考点：考查非谓语动词3Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man _ from around 2,300 BCAdated Bdating Cdates

3、Dto date【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几年前，他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的男子坟墓。date from表示“追溯到(某一时期)，始于(某一时期)”，a tomb of a man（男子的坟墓）与date from之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词短语作后置定语，若用句子表示二者之间的关系，可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 BC故选B。4_ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.ATasted BTastingCTo taste D

4、Being tasted【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种药尝起来非常难吃，被这个孩子扔掉了。主语是medicine，taste与主语是主动关系，而且taste是系动词无被动，因此用现在分词，故选B。5_ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.AHaving exposed BBeing exposedCTo expose DExposed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even

5、for a short time是插入语，may influence是谓语，前面的部分应该是主语，be exposed to“暴露于”，要用动名词Being exposed to。故B选项正确。6I stopped the car _ a short break as I was feeling tired.Atake Btaking Cto take Dtaken【答案】C【解析】句意：我停下车来休息一会儿，因为我感觉累了。此处动词不定式表目的，故选C。【考点定位】考查非谓语动词7At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, _ in a small apartm

6、ent near Boston and _what to do about his future.Aliving; wondering Blived; wonderingClived; wondered Dliving; wondered【答案】A【解析】试题分析：现在分词做伴随状语，At the age of 29,D was a worker.这是完整句子,所以后面要用分词结构. 有and,显然是两个并列分词. 主要注意用现在分词，现在分词的主语就是主句的主语，它们之间的关系是主动关系。用现在分词做状语，DAVE在29岁时是一名工人，住在一间小公寓里，不知道未来会如何。选A。考点：考查现在

7、分词做状语点评：现在分词还是过去分词做状语主要取决于动词和逻辑主语的关系：如果动词和逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词，如果动词和逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词。8Pressed from his parents, and _ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.Arealizing BrealizedCto realize Dbeing realized【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决

8、定停止玩电脑游戏。首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语动词做状语，主语the boy与press是被动关系，但是与realize是主动，所以是现在分词做状语，选A。9I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _with students.Aworking BworkCto work Dworked【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：我在海上航行和现在和学生一起工作一样快乐。分析句子可知，have fun doing sth.做某事很开心，as I now do working with students补充完整为as I no

9、w have fun working with students。故选A。10The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed out of the reading room”.Abeing taken Bto takeCto be taken Dtaking【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆墙上的牌子上写着：“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。11Tsinghua University,_ in 1911,is

10、 home to a great number of outstanding figures.Afound Bfounding Cfounded Dto be founded【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意: 建立于1911年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的母校。Tsinghua University和found之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语, 选C。12（四川）Little Tom sat _watching the monkey dancing in front of him.Aamaze BamazingCamazed Dto amaze【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词作状

11、语。句意：小汤姆坐在那里惊讶地看着猴子在他面前跳舞。amazed感到惊讶的，修饰人，此处作伴随状语，表状态。本题主要考查B、C之间的区别，选项B意为：令人吃惊的，常修饰物；而选项C意为：感到吃惊的，常修饰人。故选C。13（天津）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs_.Ataking BtakenCbeing taken Dtake【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补

12、足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。点睛：本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分，找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，再分析二者之间的关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。14The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have _ right from wrong.Adistinguished BdistinguishingCto distinguish Dto be distinguished【答案】B【解析】试题分析：首先have difficult /trouble do

13、ing sth是固定词组。The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong在这个句子中，deal with的宾语是trouble，所以后面的句子是修饰trouble这个词的定语从句。考点：固定用法考查点评：对于固定用法，平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。15 in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.ALosing BHaving lostCLost DTo lose【答案】C【解析】【分析】【

14、详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于陷入沉思中，他差点撞上了前面那辆车。分析句子可知，本句为过去分词作原因状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致都是he，逻辑主语省去了 。故选C。16Emphasis on quantity of growth overlooked gaps in the quality, _ many aspects of the social services neglected.Ahaving left Bto be leaving Cto have left Dleaving【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：强调数量的增长却忽视了质量间的差距，使得很多社会服务的方

15、面被忽视了。此处的逻辑主语是前面主句描述的情况，存在逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，表主动。故D选项正确。17The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported _.Ato miss Bto have been missing Chaving missed Dmissing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：新闻报道称，印尼海啸造成的死亡人数已攀升至400多人，据报道还有更多人失踪。分析句子可知，be reported

16、to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语，且在本句中被应用到with的复合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前，所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。【点睛】动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式，一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式。1）不定式的时态意义不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的。不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示其动作正在进行，与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。不定式的完成式不定式的完成时表达下列意义：a. 不定式的完成式所

17、表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。b. 用在intended, expected, meant, hoped, promised, planned, wished, thought, desired, was, were等词后，不定式的完成式表示未曾实现的愿望、期待、想法、打算或计划等。to have + 过去分词表示动作， to have been表示状态。C .用在seem, appear, thing, consider, believe等后，表示一个动作先于另一个动作发生。不定式的完成进行式表示动作在谓语动词之前发生，而且一直进行着。 come + 不定式表示一个动作发生

18、的过程He will come to understand it in the end.他最终会懂得的。分析句子可知，be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语，且在本句中被应用到with的符合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前，所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。18_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.AUnderstanding BTo be

19、 understoodCBeing understood DHaving understood【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式（短语）或动名词（短语）均可作主语，区别在于不定式常表示将来，是特指；而动名词表示一般情况，是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象，属泛指，故用动名词较好。故选A。19The study， from academics at Harvard， claims _ the first clear evidence showing that when temperatures go up， school

20、performance goes downAto have produced Bto produceCproducing Dbeing produced【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项来自哈佛大学学者的研究声称，它首次提供了明确的证据，表明气温上升时，在校表现会下降。claim to表示“声称做”，而且produce这个动作发生在claims之前，故A项正确。20I think it a great honor _ to visit your country.Ato invite Binviting Chaving invited Dto be invited【答案】D【解

21、析】【详解】考查不定式用法。句意：我认为被邀请来访问你们的国家是一件十分荣幸的事情。本句中不定式to be invited to visit your country是真正的宾语，it是形式宾语。故D正确。【点睛】本句考查不定式作真正的宾语，it是形式宾语。it作形式宾语，通常和下列动词连用：consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess.。一般说来，当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。21He looked around and caught a man _ his

22、 hand into the pocket of a passenger.Aput Bto be putting Cputting Dto put【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：他环顾四周，偶然撞见一个男人把手放进了一位顾客的口袋里！catch sb doing sth 偶然撞见某人在干某事，这里的现在分词是做宾语补足语，强调动作的主动和进行，故选C。22China National Womens Volleyball Team made great achievements, _ them a symbol of the spirit of China.Ato make Bha

23、ving made Cmade Dmaking【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家女排取得巨大成就，使得他们成为了中国精神的象征。根据句意，_ them a symbol of the spirit of China是理所当然的结果，用现在分词表示理所当然的结果，且“make them a symbol of the spirit of China”这一动作不先于“made great achievements”这一动作，故不用完成时。故选D。【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语

24、。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。23Mark often attempts toescape_ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.Ahaving been fined Bbeing finedCto have been fined Dto be fined【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查escape的用法。句意：马克经常试图逃脱罚款，每当他违反交通规则的时候。escape doing sth 逃脱、避免干某事。故选B。24A total of 19 Golden R

25、ooster Awards _, The Wandering Earth took home the award the Best Picture.Ato present Bhaving presented Cbeing presented Dpresented【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：在颁的19个金鸡奖中，流浪地球获得了最佳影片奖。分析句子可知，A total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards _是独立主格结构，a total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards和present之间为被动关系，且这个动作已完成，故用过去分词pr

26、esented表被动和完成，故选D项。【点睛】本句考查独立主格独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。其结构为：名词/代词+to do/ doing/done/adj/ adv/ n以本题为例：因为前后两部分有独立的主语，且没有连接词，故判断前面部分是独立主格结构，名词a total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards和present之间为被动关系，且这个动作已完成，故用过去分词presented表被动和完成。25(福建) _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly

27、to emergencies.AKnown BHaving knownCKnowing DBeing known【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分，谓语是will help，所以前面的是主语，用动名词做主语，故选C项。26The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake.Amissing; playing Bmissing; play Cmissed; played Dmissed; to play【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个失踪的男孩最后被看见时正

28、在湖边玩。missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”。was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩，play作宾语补足语，表示动作在进行，用现在分词。结合选项，故选A。27The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.Aforced Bforcing Cto be forced Dhaving forced【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：政府计划引入新法律，迫使父母

29、对他们的孩子的教育承担更多的责任。分析句子可知，_ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children作定语，修饰new laws ,force用非谓语动词形式，force与主语The government是主动关系， 用现在分词形式表示主动，force与bring in是同时发生的，不用完成时，故选B。28Some of them, _ in rural villages, had never seen a train.Ato be born and brought up Bborn and brou

30、ght upChaving born and brought up Dhaving been born and brought up【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中的一些人，在农村长大，从来没见过火车。分析句子可知，in rural villages部分为定语，修饰Some of them，与其为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式，同时也是表示一种状态，故选B。【点睛】过去分词作定语，过去分词作定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。位于名词之前的过去分词定语一般只有单个词。The new product finally passed the required test. 新产品终于通过了要求的测试。Those repeated efforts were still inadequate. 这些重复的努力仍然不足。过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰，如：The prime minister issued a cautiously worded statement this afternoon. 今天下午首相发表了一份措辞谨慎的声明。如果是过去分词短语或结构，则放在名词后作后置定语。The idea present