高三下学期第一次热身练生物试题 含答案.docx

1、高三下学期第一次热身练生物试题 含答案2019-2020年高三下学期第一次热身练生物试题 含答案一、选择题（单选题，共6个小题，每小题6分，共36分）1.下列有关生命的物质基础和结构基础的阐述,不正确的是A.C、H、O、N、P是、染色质、核苷酸共有的化学元素B.脂质中的磷脂是构成细胞膜的重要物质,所有细胞都含有磷脂C.糖蛋白、抗体、受体、限制性内切酶都是具有识别作用的物质D.线粒体、核糖体、质粒、酶等结构或物质中肯定不含有核糖2.急性早幼粒细胞白血病是最凶险的一种白血病，发病机理如图所示，xx年国家最高科学技术奖获得者王振义院士发明的“诱导分化疗法”联合应用维甲酸和三氧化二砷治疗该病。维甲酸通

2、过修饰PML-RAR，使癌细胞重新分化“改邪归正”；三氧化二砷则可以引起这种癌蛋白的降解，使癌细胞发生部分分化并最终进入凋亡。下列有关分析不正确的是A这种白血病是早幼粒细胞发生了染色体变异引起的B这种白血病与早幼粒细胞产生新的遗传物质有关C维甲酸和三氧化二砷均改变了癌细胞的DNA结构D“诱导分化疗法”将有效减少病人骨髓中积累的癌细胞3.下列有关生物学说法正确的是A.突变能改变核苷酸序列，不能改变基因在染色体上的位置B.细胞免疫过程中，效应T细胞通过分泌淋巴因子作用于靶细胞，使其裂解死亡C.人体细胞在mRNA合成的同时就会有多个核糖体结合到mRNA上D.观察植物细胞的减数分裂，不可选用开放的豌豆

3、花的花药作为实验材料4.Fabry病是一种遗传性代谢缺陷病，由编码-半乳糖苷酶A的基因突变所致下图是该病的某个家系遗传系谱，通过基因测序已知该家系中表现正常的男性不携带致病基因下列分析错误的是（）A该病属于伴X隐性遗传病B2一定不携带该病的致病基因C该病可通过测定-半乳糖苷酶A的活性进行初步诊断D可利用基因测序技术进行产前诊断来确定胎儿是否患有此病5.某小组研究干旱对玉米叶片内生长素和脱落酸浓度的影响，数据见图8，据图分析可以得出的初步结论是A干旱对玉米叶片中的脱落酸影响远远大于对生长素的影响B干旱对玉米叶片中的生长素影响远远大于对脱落酸的影响C随着干旱时间延长，玉米叶片内的生长素浓度减少量越

4、来越多D随着干旱时间延长，玉米叶片内的脱落酸浓度越来越大6.下表为三个稳定草原生态系统中植物调查的统计数据。据表可以确认的是A在植物丰富的区域采用样方法获得数据B典型草原中各种群密度均大于荒漠草原C流经草甸草_原的总能量大于典型草原D表中荒漠草原旱生植物的丰富度最高二.非选择题（共44分）7马铃薯(2n=48)是一种重要的经济作物，但病毒的侵染会导致其产量大幅下降，培育抗病毒的马铃薯新品种是提高产量的有效方法。病毒复制酶基因(T)通常整合到受体细胞的9号染色体上，转基因抗病毒马铃薯植株基因型可表示为Tt。已知无正常9号染色体的花粉不能参与受精作用。现有基因型为Tt的马铃薯植株A，其细胞中9号染

5、色体组成情况如下图1。限制酶Swa l识别的碱基序列和酶切位点为 ATTTAAAT。请回答下列问题：(1)上述抗病毒植株A的变异类型有 。植株A自交产生F1，F1为不抗病毒：抗病毒=1：1，则说明T基因位于 染色体上。(2)以植株A为母本，以正常的不抗病毒植株为父本进行杂交产生的F1中，发现了一株抗病毒植株B，其染色体及基因组成如图2。分析该植株出现的原因可能有 。若以上述过程得到的植株B在减数第一次分裂过程中3条9号染色体会随机的移向细胞两极并最终形成含1条和2条9号染色体的配子，那么以植株B为父本进行测交，后代的表现型及比例 ，其中得到的染色体数目异常植株占 。(3)若图3中虚线方框内的碱

6、基对被CG碱基对替换，那么基因T就突变为基因t(不能控制合成正常的病毒复制酶)。从抗病毒植株B(图2所示)中分离出图3及其对应的DNA片段，用限制酶Swa I完全切割，产物中共有 种不同长度的DNA片段。(4)若从上述抗病毒马铃薯植株B自交所得某F1细胞中分离出其中所含的各种T(或t)基因有关区域，经限制酶Swa l完全切割后，共出现330、777、877和1654对碱基的四种片段，那么该植株的基因型有多种可能性，其共同特点是 。8I下图是人体内有关神经调节和体液调节部分结构示意图，图中A、B和a、b、c代表相关结构，、代表不同的激素。回答下列问题：（1）兴奋从A传到B导致B兴奋，c的膜内电位

7、变化是_。（2）人体受到寒冷刺激后，将兴奋传至的体温调节中枢_，一方面使骨骼肌颤栗，另一方面使肾上腺素和_（填序号）的含量升高，产热增加。（3）血糖含量降低时，会刺激_细胞合成并分泌胰高血糖素，该激素调节血糖升高的原理是_。（4）某病人体内产生的某种抗体作用于乙酰胆碱（一种兴奋性递质）受体后，使乙酰胆碱受体退化且再生受阻，从免疫角度上说，该疾病属于_病。临床上可以切除_来治疗重度患者，其原因是切除该器官能抑制T细胞的发育，使淋巴因子不能产生，从而减少抗体的产生。II下列是有关植物生长素的一些信息，请结合所学内容，根据所给信息回答问题：（1）生长素的化学本质是_，其出入细胞的运输方式是_。（2）

8、图甲利用琼脂块收集来自小麦胚芽鞘尖端所产生的生长素（1AA），研究比较小麦胚芽鞘尖端在光下和暗处产生生长素的量。除所需探究的变量外，其他无关变量相同且适宜。根据实验结束时收集到的生长素量（图中数字)，可能得出的实验结论是_。(3)将生长正常的植株幼苗水平放置时受重力的影响，根向地生长、茎背地生长。则图乙是水平放置后，幼苗根和茎的生长与生长素浓度的关系。则曲线上与茎的近地侧和根的远地侧对应的点依次是：_。图丙为生长素浓度与茎生长关系的曲线。若测得茎的近地侧生长素浓度为2f，茎的远地侧生长素浓度为x，用数学式表示x的范围：_。9下图表示某植物叶肉细胞内发生的生理过程，其中A至H代表物质，据图回答：

9、(1)图中D是_，_(字母代号)直接为细胞生命活动提供能量。用_法，可以研究物质B的去向。(2)场所是_。多种化学反应能够互不干扰地在场所、内进行，是由于_(结构)的分隔作用。(3)选用A、B两种植物进行光合作用的探究实验，实验结果如下表。请分析回答：A、B植物在不同条件下单位时间内O2的释放量(mL) CO2浓度灯泡的功率(单位：W)2050751002003000.1%A植物3.416.028.240.556.556.5B植物2.69.119.255.775.6102.60.03%A植物2.311.219.827.627.527.6B植物1.88.418.954.275.2101.8在阳光

10、不充足的地区，大棚种植A、B两种植物时，光照将最可能成为限制_植物正常生长的主要因素。分析上表数据可以看出，处于灯泡功率为200 W、CO2浓度为0.03%条件下的A植物，采取_措施能显著提高光合作用强度。A植物在CO2浓度为0.1%时，若将灯泡功率由300 W再逐渐增大至400 W，请预测O2释放量的变化趋势是_。123456二.非选择题（共44分）7 (1) 。 。(2) 。 ， 。 (3) 。(4) 。8I（1）_ _。（2）_ _，_（填序号）。（3）_ _ _ _。（4）_ _。_ _。II（1）_ _， _ _。（2）_ _。(3)_ _。_ _。9(1)_ _，_(字母代号)。用

11、_ _法。(2)场所是_ _。_ _(结构)。(3)_。_ _。_。1.D2.C3.D4.B5.A6.D7、(1)染色体结构变异(或染色体结构缺失)和基因重组 异常 (2)母本(或父本)减数分裂时9号同源染色体未分离或父本减数分裂时9号染色体着丝点分裂后移向同一极 抗病毒：不抗病毒=2：3 35 (3)4 (4)同时含有T和t基因8I（1）由负变为正 （2）下丘脑 （3）胰岛A 促进肝糖原分解和非糖物质的转化为葡萄糖 （4）自身免疫病 胸腺II(10分)（1）吲哚乙酸 主动运输（2）小麦胚芽鞘在暗处和在光下产生的生长素的量差不多（3）C，B 0xf9(1)丙酮酸F放射性同位素示踪(标记)(2)

12、线粒体细胞器膜(或生物膜)(3)B增大CO2浓度保持相对稳定2019-2020年高三下学期第一次热身练英语试题 含答案 本试卷分第I卷（选择题）、第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至 9 页，第II卷10 至 11 页。考试结束后，将答题卡收回。祝各位考生考试顺利！ 第I卷 选择题 (共95分)注意事项：1. 答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用2B铅笔涂写在答题卡上。2. 选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再填涂其它答案，不能答在试卷上。3. 本卷共55小题，满分95分。第一部分：英语知识运用（

13、共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项选择 （共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）1. David didnt invite us to his wedding party._? I dont care. After all, we dont get along quite well with him.A. How e B. So what C. What for D. What if2. It is hoped that the civil war will e to _ end soon and people there can lead _ peaceful life.A. an; a B.

14、the; a C. an; the D. the; the3. pared with the long-standing friendship between the two countries, their boundary dispute is only a(n) _ and limited issue. A. contemporary B. permanent C. temporary D. aggressive4. My phone was _ and I didnt realize it until this morning.No wonder I couldnt get throu

15、gh last night. A. out of date B. out of place C. out of order D. out of reach5. To _ a good mand of English, she spends nearly three hours every day on the language.A. acquire B. require C. admit D. adopt6. Jane has many new friends in the school, _ she shared her feelings. A. with which B. to whom

16、C. for which D. with whom 7. Have you watched the movie? Yes. I _ it three times while I was in the university.A. had watched B. watched C. have watch D. was watching8. When arranging our work, we should _unforeseen circumstances.A. answer for B. allow for C. account for D. head for9. Im waiting for

17、 the group to decide our traveling plan _ making it myself.A. rather than B. other than C. apart from D. far from10. They will try to catch you out, _ do have all your answers well prepared. Thank you. Ill try my best A. but B. and C. so D. or11. Never before _ I should have the opportunity to live

18、with so many kind neighbors. A. did I imagine B. I imagine C. I have imagined D. have I imagined12. What I really doubt is _ the western media, as they say, is really that objective and just.A. which B. what C. whether D. that13. The writer always carries a notebook along with him, _ he is seized by

19、 sudden inspiration. A. even though B. in case C. now that D. the moment14. It is considered that there is a ten-month supply of newly-built houses _ in our city.Ato be sold Bhaving sold Cselling Dsold15. We spent too much time on shopping, otherwise we _ the temple dating back to Ming Dynasty yeste

20、rday. A. visited B. had visited C. would have visited D. would visited第二节：完型填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）There are many brands of chocolate. If you love it, you cant forget DOVE - the most famous chocolate brand. But do you know what the meaning of DOVE is?Dove chocolate is born because of 16 . One day in

21、 1919 Princess Bazaar of Luxembourgs royal family first met the royal kitchen helper Leon. Many nights Leon slipped into the kitchen and 17 various ice creams for Bazaar. They soon fell in love. Unfortunately owing to their quite different social 18 , both of them had to 19 the deep feelings in hear

22、t.Afterwards Bazaar was made to 20 an arranged royal marriage against her wishes. For many days Leon could not see Bazaar, and he was burning with 21 . Finally Bazaar turned up at the table a month later. While serving desserts, Leon 22 the letters DOVE which is an abbreviation of DO YOU LOVE ME wit

23、h hot chocolate on Bazaars ice cream. Leon 23 that Bazaar could understand his feeling. A few days later, Bazaar got 24 . Leon, broken-hearted, could not 25 the mental suffering and left for America, where he and his own family 26 a candy store years later but lived unhappily.Many years later, they

24、met again before Bazaars death. Bazaar 27 that she did eat the ice cream that afternoon but didnt see the 28 letters and also didnt receive any promise from Leon and she had to _29_ to her fate and missed him all her lifetime.Hearing this, Leon broke down in tears. If that chocolate had been 30 , th

25、ose letters would never have melted and he would not have lost his last 31 . Leon decided to create a solid chocolate which can 32 a long time.After lots of research, he succeeded and each piece of chocolate was 33 engraved(刻) with the lettersDOVE. It is a 34 of the love between Leon and Bazaar.Now

26、more and more people fall in love with this chocolate. Giving someone DOVE means sending the _35 _of love DO YOU LOVE ME?16. A. anger B. sorrow C. love D. envy17. A. served B. made C. drew D. heated18. A. opinion B. view C. attitude D. status19. A. discover B. forget C. bury D. struggle20. A. know B

27、. accept C. try D. practise21. A. sympathy B. impatience C. joy D. humor22. A. mixed B. sent C. wrote D. pressed23. A. allowed B. promised C. declared D. expected24. A. married B. sick C. bored D. changed25. A. repeat B. bear C. reduce D. keep26. A. supported B. found C. ran D. sold27. A. learned B.

28、 recalled C. heard D. believed28. A. annoying B. confusing C. interesting D. melting29. A. give in B. give up C. give out D. give away30. A. powerful B. liquid C. solid D. frozen31. A. belief B. promise C. courage D. chance32. A. eat B. preserve C. miss D. sell33. A. quickly B. happily C. firmly D. lightly34. A. symbol B. sign C. survey D. study35. A. story B. secret C. rumor D. whisper第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AWele to Our Clubs in Masonic Village Art ClubThe Art Club provides a place for aged people to pai