八下 U10 单元语法主题作文重点短语和必背句子.docx

1、八下 U10 单元语法主题作文重点短语和必背句子延续性动词与非延续性动词现在完成时表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for+段时间”、“since+过去点时间”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。eg. Ive had this bike for three years. = Ive had this bike since three years ago. 我拥有这辆自行车三年了。含有for，since的现在完成时: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现

2、在。句中动词的特点：表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外)。eg. Hes owned it since his fourth birthday. 他从四岁起就拥有了。I have known Ann for three years/ since three years ago. 我认识安已经三年了。非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换1) 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。borrow keep buy have put on wearcatch a cold have a cold get to know knowget to sleep sleep2) 转化为“b

3、e + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”begin / start be on go out be out close be closedopen be open get to/arrive/reach be (in)die be dead leave be away finish be overfall sleep be asleepfall ill be ill join be in/be a member ofbecome be make friends be friendscome/go/ be+相应的介词短语eg. He arrived in Japan three days ago. =

4、 He has been in Japan since three days ago. 三天前他到达了日本。小语法点How long 多久，多长时间。 对时间段进行提问常见回答：for + 短时间 或者 since +段时间+agoeg. -How long have you had the bike over there? 你拥有那边那辆自行车多长时间了？-I have had it for three years./since three years ago. 我拥有它三年了。how soon 多久以后。常用于一般将来时, 其答语常用“in+时间段”。eg. -How soon will

5、you be back? 你多久能回来？-In a week. 一周之内。 how often 多久一次 对频率提问, 其答语为: once (twice/)+时间段, always, usually等。eg. -How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次？-Once a day. 一天一次。how far多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。eg. -How far is it from here to your school? 从这里到你学校有多远？-Three kilometers. 3千米。bring back 使回忆起来，使回想起 主语一般为事物eg. A

6、my wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们勾起她的甜蜜回忆。bring back 还有”带回“的意思eg. Please bring back my books.since + 从句（用一般过去式）表示自从.以来eg. Amy has had the boy bear since she was a baby. 当艾米还是婴儿的时候，艾米就拥有这只玩具熊了。It is +时间段+since+一般过去时的句子”, 表示过去某个时间发生并持续到说话时的动作或状态。eg

7、. It is two years since I came to China. 自从我到中国以来已经两年了。anymore = any more, 常用于否定句末尾, 表示“再也(不); (不)再”。相当于not any longer。eg. Amy can give away the sweater and dress because they do not fit her anymore. 艾米可以捐赠毛衣和连衣裙，因为她穿着不合身了。a couple of表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物体；表示数量不定的”少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定

8、。eg. I have had this magazine for a couple of months. 这本杂志我买了几个月了。sale n. 出售，销售on sale 出售，上市eg. Chickens are on sale in the market. 小鸡在市场上出售。memory n. 记忆；回忆 复数形式为memoriesmemorize v. 记忆，背诵eg. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们勾起她的甜蜜回忆。a bit 一点儿, 稍

9、微 修饰形容词或副词, = a little;a bit of +不可数名词a little+不可数名词eg. There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有点儿水。The stories inside may be a bit old, but theyre still interesting. 里面的故事可能有点旧，但是仍然很有趣。not a bit =not at all 一点也不not a little =very 非常eg. She is not a bit happy. =She is not happy at all. 她

10、一点儿也不快乐。He is not a little tired. = He is very tired. 他非常累。check v. 检查, 审查 n. 支票, 账单check out 察看，观察eg. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. 察看一下这些给更小的孩子的毛绒玩具和棋类游戏吧。If you finish it, check it by yourself first. 如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。clear v. 清理；清除clear out 清理；丢掉eg. We have alread

11、y cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms. 我们已经从我们的卧室里清理出来很多东西。1) no longer 不再；不复 = not any longer或not anymore2) each在句中进行限定，表示 “(两个或两个以上的人或物中)各自，每个”。eg. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. 我们决定每人出售五件不再使用的商品。1) certain adj. 某种；某事；某人; 确实的，无疑的be certain to do sth. 确定要

12、做某事be certain of/about sth. 对某事确定、有把握2) part with 放弃、交出part v. 离开， 分开eg. My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. 我女儿比较懂事， 尽管失去某些玩具会很伤心。1) as for 至于，关于2) to be honest 说实在的，说实话，经常单独使用，用逗号与句子隔开。= to tell the truth 老实说，说实话eg. As for me, I did not want to

13、 give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have not played for a while now. 对于我来说，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但是老实说，我也有一段时间没有踢过足球了。3) while n. 一段时间，一会儿while conj. 引导时间状语从句，当的时候，while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。eg. He kept in touch with us while he was in China. 他在中国期间仍与我们保持联系。search v. 搜索；搜查search for 搜寻，找寻 eg. Now

14、adays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. 如今，数以百万的中国人离开农村到城市找工作。among与betweenamong prep. 在三者或三者以上之间eg. Among these is Zhang Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father. 钟伟一位46岁的丈夫和父亲就是其中一位。between prep. 在两者之间 eg. Tom sits between Mary and Frank. 汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰克之间。复合形容词常

15、见结构：数词+名词单数+形容词（注意词与词之间要用连字符连接）eg. a 46-year-old husband and father 一位46岁的丈夫和父亲 = a husband and father of 46 years oldshame n. 不可数名词，羞耻；羞愧；惭愧a shame 可耻的人或事；可惜（遗憾）的事 eg. Its a shame, but I just dont have the time. 实在是遗憾，但是我就是没有时间。Its a shame 后面可接不定式或由that引导的从句。eg. Its a shame (that) you have to leave

16、 so soon. 真遗憾你这么快就要走了。Its a shame to cover this beautiful table with a tablecloth. 把这张漂亮的桌子用桌布盖起来真是可惜。regard v. 将认为；把视为regardas 将视为；把当做，as为介词，其后接名词或代词。eg. I regard you as my best friend. 我把你当做我最好的朋友。Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. 许多人都像钟伟一样都对家乡

17、发生什么样的变化充满着极大的兴趣。century n. 世纪；百年 pl. centuriesthe mid-20th century 20世纪中期 eg. Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century. 从20世纪中期以来，孩子们都是在我以前的小学里学习阅读和数数。according to 依照，按照 (to为介词，后接名词、代词或从句)eg. According to Zhong Wei, however, some things will never

18、change. 在钟伟看来，有些东西从未改变。stay the same 一成不变eg. Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same. 钟伟认为这些发展很好，而且他也知道他的家乡不可能总是一成不变。especially adv. 尤其；特别；格外, 用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性。adj. especial 特别的，特殊的eg. Most of the children in my time liked to play

19、together under that big tree , especially during the summer holidays. 在我那个时代很多孩子在那棵大树下一起玩，特别是暑假期间。such + a/an + adj. + 名词单数 = so + adj. + a/ an + 名词单数 如此.eg. It was such a happy childhood. = It was so happy a childhood. 多么快乐的童年。consider v. 考虑 = think about 后跟名词，代词，动名词，宾语从句或“疑问词+不定式”eg. Please consid

20、er my suggestion. 请考虑我的建议。I am considering going home. 我正在考虑回家。He has never considered how to solve the problem. 他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题。in ones opinion=in the opinion of sb. 依看eg. in my opinion 在我看来hold v. 拥有；抓住 (held; held)eg. hold your hand 抓住你的手He also thinks some things will never change, and his hometo

21、wn is still the place that holds all his childhood memories. 他也认为有些事情从未改变，他的家乡依然是承载他童年记忆的地方。hold 举行；主持 = haveeg. The meeting was held in Qingdao. 会议在青岛举行。八下 U10 重点短语和必背句子重点短语bring back sweet memories 唤起甜蜜的回忆give old things away 捐赠旧物品people in need 需要的人not . anymore 再也不bread maker 面包机board games 棋类游戏

22、soft toys 布绒玩具a couple of months 几个月a bit old 有点旧check out 察看junior high school 初级中学give the money to a childrens home 给儿童之家捐钱clear out 清理，丢掉a railway set 铁路轨道套装his fourth birthday 他的四岁生日feel sad to do sth. 做某事感到伤心part with 放弃，交出the toy monkey 玩具猴have a yard sale 进行庭院销售certain toys 某些玩具as for me 对我来

23、说give up my football shirts 放弃我的足球球衫to be honest 说实在的for a while 一段时间，一会儿have been in 在某地get too cold 天变很冷miss their hometown a lot 非常想念家乡hometown feelings 家乡情感millions of Chinese 数以百万的中国人in towns and villages 在城镇和乡村some . others.一些. 另一些.search for work 找工作for the last 13 years 在过去的13年间with a hard j

24、ob in a crayon factory 在彩色铅笔厂有一份辛苦的工作at least once a year 至少一年一次have been back 回来Its a shame 真遗憾regard as 把.当做since the mid-20th century 从20世纪中期such developments 这些发展stay the same 一成不变，保持不变according to 根据close to 几乎，接近opposite the school 在学校对面during the summer holidays 在暑假期间such a happy childhood 如此

25、快乐的童年leave many soft and sweet memories 留下温柔甜蜜的回忆return to ones homtown 回到某人的家乡hold all his childhood memories 承载/ 拥有他所有的童年回忆after moving to China 搬到中国之后必背句子You can also give old things away to people in need. 你可以把旧物品捐赠给需要的人。-How long have you had the bike over there? 你拥有那边那辆自行车多长时间了？-I have had it

26、for three years./since three years ago. 我拥有它三年了。Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们勾起她的甜蜜回忆。Amy has had the boy bear since she was a baby. 当艾米还是婴儿的时候，艾米就拥有这只玩具熊了。Amy can give away the sweater and dress because they do not fit her anymore. 艾米可以捐赠毛衣

27、和连衣裙，因为她穿着不合身了。I have had this magazine for a couple of months. 这本杂志我买了几个月了。The stories inside may be a bit old, but theyre still interesting. 里面的故事可能有点旧，但是仍然很有趣。And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. 查看一下这些给更小的孩子的毛绒玩具和棋类游戏吧。We have already cleared out a lot of things from o

28、ur bedrooms. 我们已经从我们的卧室里清理出来很多东西。We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.我们决定每人出售五件不再使用的商品。My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. 我女儿比较懂事， 尽管失去某些玩具会很伤心。As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest

29、, I have not played for a while now. 对于我来说，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但是老实说，我也有一段时间没有踢过足球了。Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. 如今，数以百万的中国人离开农村到城市找工作。Among these is Zhang Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father. 钟伟一位46岁的丈夫和父亲就是其中一位。Its a shame, but I just dont have the

30、 time. 实在是遗憾，但是我就是没有时间。Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. 许多人都像钟伟一样都对家乡发生什么样的变化充满着极大的兴趣。Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century. 从20世纪中期以来，孩子们都是在我以前的小学里学习阅读和数数。According to Zhong Wei, however, so

31、me things will never change. 在钟伟看来，有些东西从未改变。Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same. 钟伟认为这些发展很好，而且他也知道他的家乡不可能总是一成不变。Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree , especially during the summer holidays. 在我那个时代很多孩子在那棵大树下一起玩，特别是暑假期间。I noticed thats true of my hometown. 我留意到我的家乡正是那样发展的。It was such a happy childhood. 多么快乐的童年。He also thinks so