高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破考点精讲+语法专练四动词和动词短语课件+教师用书+真题分.docx

1、高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破考点精讲+语法专练四 动词和动词短语课件+教师用书+真题分动词和动词短语【2013新课标全国卷I】23Try not to cough more than you can _ since it may cause problems to your lungs.Acheck BallowCstop Dhelp【解析】本题考查动词的意义辨析。A项check“检查，核对”；B项allow“允许”；C项stop“停止”；D项help在这里不表示“帮助”，而是表示“control it or stop it happening”。根据句意“既然咳嗽可能引起肺病，那么你能不

2、咳嗽就尽量不要咳嗽”可知，more than you can help是“除非忍不住；尽量控制”的意思。故答案选D项。【答案】D【2013新课标全国卷II】8The watch was very good，and he _ 20 percent down for it.Apaid BcostCbought Dspent【解析】本题四个选项都为常见动词，都可以表示“花费”。本题题意为“这块手表很好，他先付了20%的订金”。pay.down(或pay down)付押金，付订金，符合题意。要注意以下表示“花费”的句式：sb.pay(s) money for sth.某人花钱买某物，主语为“人”，符合

3、题意，故选A。sth.cost(s) sb.money某物花费某人多少钱，主语为“物”；sb.buy(s) sth.for money某人买某物花多少钱，for后面接money；sb.spend(s) money on sth.某人花钱买某物，主语为“人”，与介词on搭配。解答这道题目需要抓住句中的关键信息词down和for。【答案】A【2013天津卷】2If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to _ a hand.Alend BshakeCwave Dwant【解析】句意：“如果你有麻烦，迈克总是愿意伸出援助之手。”lend a hand意

4、为“伸出援助之手”，符合语境。shake a hand意为“握手”，wave a hand意为“挥手”，want a hand意为“需要帮忙”，均与句意不符。【答案】A【2013浙江卷】9When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to _ it with important points.Aconclude BleadCavoid Dhold【解析】题干的意思是：“小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要用几条要点作为结束。”conclude(使)结束，conclude.with以结束，符合题意。lead领导，引领；avoid避免，回避；h

5、old容纳，举行。其中nearing its end为重要信息提示。【答案】A【2013福建卷】24Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _ spending quite a lot of time with students.Aenjoys BinvolvesCpractices Dsuggests【解析】首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。enjoy表示“享受，喜欢”；involve表示“需要；包括；涉及，牵涉”；practice表示“练习，实践”；suggest表示“建议”。由题干中的关键信息a job以及spending.tim

6、e.可知此处应填involve，意为“需要”。本题的意思是：“米歇尔找到了一份中学老师的工作，这份工作需要花费相当多的时间和学生在一起。”【答案】B【2013江苏卷】23The town is so beautiful! I just love it.Me too.The character of the town is well _.Aqualified BpreservedCdecorated Dsimplified【解析】本题中四个选项都为常见动词，句中使用过去分词作表语，具有形容词的性质。be qualified合格的，有资格的；be well preserved保存完好的；be we

7、ll decorated装饰得很漂亮的；be simplified被简化的。根据句意：这座小镇是如此美丽！我实在是喜欢它。我也是。小镇的特色保存得很完好。可知选B项。【答案】B【2013湖北卷】23While intelligent people can often_the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.Asacrifice BsubstituteCsimplify Dsurvive【解析】根据语境，这里用simplify与后面的simple呼应，complex与后面的complicate呼应。另外三个选项的含义

8、为：sacrifice“牺牲”；substitute“代替”；survive“幸存”。句意：聪明人经常能把复杂的事情简单化，而愚蠢的人更可能会把简单的问题复杂化。【答案】C【2013湖北卷】24According to the law, all foreigners have to_with the local police within two weeks of arrival.Aassociate BdisputeCnegotiate Dregister【解析】这里说的是在警署登记注册，用register表示“登记，注册”，register with表示“在处登记”。associate“将

9、联系起来”；dispute表示“异议，争论，争吵”；negotiate“协商；谈判”。句意：按照该法律，所有外国人在到来的两周内必须到当地警署登记。【答案】D【2013江西卷】31She_the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.Aconnected BfittedCequipped Dmatched【解析】选项中四个单词均为动词：connect意为“连接”；fit意为“(使)适合”；equip意为“装备，配备”；match意为“使相配，使相称”。句意：她装饰了一些非常好看的窗帘，使之在颜色上与地毯相配。故D项符合语境。【答案】D【20

10、13浙江卷】17Bears _ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.Apack up Bbuild upCbring up Dtake up【解析】题干的意思是：“熊在整个夏天和秋天储存脂肪，以便有足够的能量维持它们冬眠期的生命。”pack up停止工作，收拾行装；build up逐渐增加，逐渐积累，逐渐增强；bring up教育，抚养；呕吐；take up从事，开始。根据题干的意思可知正确答案为B项。题干中have sth

11、.to last sb.结构意为“足够某人使用/维持”。【答案】B【2013新课标全国卷I】30At the last moment，Tom decided to _ a new character to make the story seem more likely.Aput up Bput inCput on Dput off【解析】本题考查动词短语的语意辨析。A项put up“搭建，张贴”；B项put in“把放进”；C项put on“穿上，上演”；D项put off“推迟”。根据句意“在最后一刻，汤姆决定添加一个新的角色，从而使得这个故事显得更加真实”可知，答案选B项，put in有“

12、加入，添加”的意思。【答案】B【2013新课标全国卷II】2Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight?Acome along Bcome offCcome across Dcome through【解析】首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。A项come along“一起来”；B项come off“成功，举行”；C项come across“偶尔；偶然发现”；D项come through“穿过；传来；(健康)恢复”。题干的意思是：“今晚和我们一起去看电影好吗？”根据with us及题意可知选A。【答案】A【2013天津卷】8I had hoped to

13、 take a holiday this year but I wasnt able to _.Aget away Bdrop inCcheck out Dhold on【解析】本题四个选项都是常见动词词组。get away脱身，逃离；外出度假；drop in顺便拜访；check out检查，核实；hold on坚持。根据but可知后面的wasnt able to_与前面的had hoped to take a holiday构成转折关系，故get away符合题意。本题句意为“我本希望今年去度假，但是没能去成”。【答案】A【2013福建卷】28Oldfashioned phones matt

14、er when wireless networks _ in disasters.Aturn down Bturn outCbreak down Dbreak out【解析】首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。turn down表示“调小；拒绝”；turn out表示“生产；结果是，证明是”；break down表示“出故障”；break out表示“(战争、疾病等的)爆发”。由题干中的关键信息oldfashioned phones matter和in disasters可知此处填break down“出故障”。本题的意思是：“在灾难中，当无线网络出故障时，老式电话就(显得)很重要了。”【答案】C【2

15、013辽宁卷】32Briggs will _ as general manager when Mitchell retires.Aget away Btake overCset off Drun out【解析】get away意为“走开；逃脱惩罚”；take over意为“接管；接任”；set off意为“出发；动身”；run out意为“用完；耗尽”。根据retires(退休)可得知答案。句意：当Mitchell退休时，Briggs将会接任总经理的职务。【答案】B【2013江苏卷】29Team leaders must ensure that all members _ their natu

16、ral desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.Aget over Blook overCtake over Dcome over【解析】本题中四个选项均为常见的动词短语。get over克服，恢复，熬过，look over查看，仔细检查；take over接收，接管；come over过来，来访。根据句意“团队领导者必须确保所有成员克服他们发自内心的渴望想要避免犯错所带来的尴尬。”可知，A项为正确答案。【答案】A【2013湖北卷】26In much of the animal world, night

17、 is the time_for sleeppure and simple.Aset aside Bset downCset off Dset up【解析】这里pure and simple表示“完全，不折不扣”，用来指某事只有唯一的原因。这里用set aside表示“留出，拨出(时间等)”，表示这段时间就是用来睡觉的。set down“写下”；set off“出发，引起”；set up“建立”。句意：在大多数动物世界里，夜晚就是完全用来睡觉的时间。【答案】A【2013安徽卷】22Before you pay a visit to a place of interest，look in you

18、r local library _ a book about it.Aon BatCfor Dto【解析】句意：在你到某一旅游胜地去游览之前，先在你当地的图书馆找本有关的书看看。本题考查动词短语look for，因为in your local library这一地点状语插入其中，从而增加了识别的难度。实际上，本句也可以表达为：.look for a book about it in your local library.故选C项。【答案】C【2013安徽卷】26Traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encour

19、age themselves before they _ on their life journey.Agive up Bsettle downCget through Dset off【解析】give up放弃；settle down定居，(使)安静下来；get through完成，读完，通过，用完；set off出发，(使)开始，引起。句意：依照惯例，为激励自己，大学生在踏上人生旅程之前会举行一场毕业典礼。根据句意应选D项。【答案】D【2013江西卷】27Mother always complains that children_their shoes very quickly.Afind

20、 out Bwash outCwear out Dset out【解析】四个选项均为动词短语：find out意为“查明”；wash out意为“洗净”；wear out意为“用坏，穿破”；set out意为“动身，出发”。句意：妈妈总是抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋子穿烂了。根据语境判断，此处用C项最为合适。【答案】C【2013陕西卷】25My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has_.Acut out Bcut downCcut up Dcut off【解析】cut out裁剪，戒掉；cut down削减，压缩，缩减；cu

21、t up切碎，切开；cut off切断，隔断，断绝。由语境My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking可知说话者的叔叔并没有“戒掉”吸烟，从后面的but at least的转折可以得知“他减少了吸烟的量”。因此该题的正确答案为B。题干的意思是：“我叔叔虽然没能戒掉吸烟，但是至少他吸得少了。”【答案】B【2013湖北卷】 25Butterflies_a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.Acarry on Bfeed onCput on Dfocus o

22、n【解析】四个动词短语的主要含义：carry on“继续”；feed on“吃，以为食”；put on“上演，穿/戴上”；focus on“聚焦于”。句意：蝴蝶以花卉产生的一种甜甜的液体为食，蜜蜂和别的昆虫则采集这种液体。根据句意选B，表示“吃，以为食”。【答案】B【2012江西卷】30We were all agreed that the cottage would a perfect holiday home for the family. Amake Bturn Ctake Dhave【答案】A【解析】句意：我们一致同意，这个小舍将会给我们的家庭营造一个完美的假日家园。make表“可以用

23、作，可发展为”，与for连用。turn表示“变为”，一般后跟into。【2012辽宁卷】26. Rod loves clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again. A. taking apart B. giving away C. making up D. turning off【答案】D 【考点】考查动词短语辨析。【解析】break in打断； 闯入； 开始工作；break up结束，散开；分解；break out爆发；break down崩溃，垮掉；出毛病；抛锚。题干意思是：他时不时地停下来擦去额头的汗水，因为空调

24、出毛病了。选D。【2012全国II】12. We _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down【答案】C【解析】此处set about开始做. . .，后接名词、动名词；set up建立；set out开始做. . .，后接不定式；set down写下，记下。根据to paint可知选set out。句意：那天我们开始粉刷整个房子但只完成了前面的部分。【考点】考查动词短语的含义。【2012天津卷】13. Pare

25、nts and children should communicate more to _the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.【B】A. open B. narrow C. widen D. leave【答案】B【解析】此处put out熄灭； put down记下，写下；put away收拾，把东西放好；put together放在一起。句意：Mary非常擅长在课上记笔记。她能把她的老师说得每个词写下来。【考点】考查动词短语的含义及语境理解。【2012浙江卷】15.Armed with the

26、information you have gathered, you can_ preparing your business plan.A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up【考点】动词词组词义辨析。【答案】B【解析】根据句意：有这么些个你所收集的信息，你可以着手（set about doing sth.）准备你的商业计划了。set out to do sth.着手；set off出发；set up建立，均不符合语境，故排除。【2012浙江卷】12. According to scientists, our mental abilities

27、begin to_ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.A. differ B. shrink C. fail D. decline【考点】动词词义辨析。【答案】D【解析】根据句意：根据科学家研究，我们的精神气在22岁达到高峰值之后便从27岁开始下滑（decline）。differ不同；shrink缩水；fail失败、衰竭，均不符合语境，故排除。【2012湖北卷】 21. Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to _ our schools campaign “Help the Nee

28、dy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.A. sponsor B. launch C. organize D. plan【答案】A【考点】考查动词辨析。【解析】该句意为：两位律师捐赠了5，0000美元赞助我校“帮助贫困生”活动A项意为“赞助”，符合句意；B项意为“发射，开办”，C项意为“组织”，D项意为“计划”，都与句意不符。故A项正确。【2012湖北卷】22. Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions a

29、nd comments on my paper and _ every page of my draft.A. approved B. quoted C. polished D. folded【答案】C【考点】考查动词辨析。难度中等。【解析】句意为：最后，我要感谢我的辅导老师，他给我的论文提出了很多批评和建议，并对每张稿件作了推敲。C项意为“推敲”,符合句意,故C项正确。A项意为“通过”，B项意为“引用”，D项意为“折叠”，都与句意不符。【2012湖北卷】23. Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage.A. ho

30、ld up B. keep up C. set up D. take up【答案】B【考点】考查动词短语辨析。难度中等。【解析】句意为：独自在黑暗中行走，男孩吹口哨保持勇气。B项意为“维持，不使低落”，符合句意。A项意为“举起”，C项意为“建立”，D项意为“拿起”，都与句意不符。【2012湖北卷】24. Im so glad youve come here to _ this matter in person.A. lead to B. see to C. turn to D. refer to【答案】B【考点】考查动词短语辨析。难度中等。【解析】句意为：很高兴你能来亲自负责这起事件。B项意为“负责”，符合句意；A项意为“导致”，C项意为“向求助”，D项意为“参考”，都与语意不符。【2012江苏卷】26. OK, Ive had enough of it. I give up.You cant your responsibilities.A. run off with B. run up against C. run out of D. run away from【考点】动词短语辨析。【答案】D【解析】ru