考研英语一真题及答案解析.docx

1、考研英语一真题及答案解析2007年考研英语一真题及答案解析Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 1 of these nations looked 2 to t

2、he future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence 3 the ideas of representative government, careers 4 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 5 to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 6 there was a

3、belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of 1aws.On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the Church, 9 there was less agreement 10 the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion a

4、nd the only one 11 by the Spanish crown. 12 most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism 13 the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the 14 of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying 15 for the conservative forces.The ideals of the early leaders of independence we

5、re often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had 16 in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spains 17 colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed orig

6、in came much 18 because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19 .Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule and democracy.1.Anatives BinhabitantsCpeoples Dindividuals2.AconfusedlyBcheerfully CworriedlyDhopefully3.AsharedBfor

7、gotCattainedDrejected4.ArelatedBcloseCopenDdevoted5.AaccessBsuccessionCrightDreturn6.APresumablyBIncidentallyCObviously DGenerally7.AuniqueBcommonCparticularDtypical8.AfreedomBoriginCimpactDreform9.AthereforeBhoweverCindeedDmoreover10.AwithBabout CamongDby11.AallowedBpreachedCgrantedDfunded12.ASince

8、BIfCUnlessDWhile13.AasBforCunderDagainst14.AspreadBinterferenceCexclusionDinfluence15.AsupportBcryCpleaDwish16.AurgedBintendedCexpectedDpromised17.AcontrollingBformerCremainingDoriginal18.AslowerBfasterCeasierDtougher19.AcreatedBproducedCcontributedDpreferred20. A puzzled byBhostile to Cpessimistic

9、aboutDunprepared for文章中心：完型填空的命题理论规定，文章的中心思想一般体现在文章首段的首句;有时首段首句其他段落的首句共同表达文章中心思想。因此，在选择具体题目答案前，把握文章中心对于理解文章语句，把握逻辑关系，确定语意衔接提供了足够的信息依据。文章首段主题句叙述到By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成为独立国家。本文的中心思想为 前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放以及面对的问题。题目解析：By 1830 t

10、he former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 1 of these nations looked 2 to the future.1.Anatives Binhabitants Cpeoples Dindividuals2.AconfusedlyBcheerfully Cworriedly Dhopefully1. 语意辨析题 本题目选择名词，在句子中充当主语。句子叙述到The roughly 20 millionof these nations

11、looked to the future. “这些国家大概有2000万对未来。”选项A. natives 本地人;B. inhabitant居民;C. peoples 民族;D. individuals个体。不难发现，选项A. natives 本地人，“这些国家大概有2000万本地人”，符合句子含义;选项B. inhabitant居民，“这些国家大概有2000万居民”，符合句子含义;选项C. peoples 民族，“这些国家大概有2000万个民族”，显然有悖于常理，不符合句子含义;选项D. individuals个体，“这些国家大概有2000万个体”，不符合句子含义，个体一般用于区分于集体时使

12、用。选项A和B都可以在句子中做主语，确定该题目为语意辨析题。前面相邻语句(或文章中心思想)叙述到“By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成为独立国家。”本句解释了这些居住在摆脱殖民地地位而独立的国家的人们对于未来的态度。因此，正确答案为 B。2. 语意辨析题 本题目选择副词，在句子中做状语。句子叙述到The roughly 20 million inhabitants of these nations looked to t

13、he future. “这些国家大概有2000万居民对未来。” 选项A. confusedly困惑地;B. cheerfully 高兴的;C. worried 担心的;D. hopefully 充满期待地。不难发现，选项A. confusedly困惑地，“这些国家大概有2000万居民对未来感到困惑”，符合句子含义;选项B. cheerfully 高兴的，“这些国家大概有2000万居民对未来感到高兴”，符合句子含义;选项C. worried 担心的，“这些国家大概有2000万居民对未来感到担心”，符合句子含义;选项D. hopefully 充满期待地，“这些国家大概有2000万居民对未来充满期待

14、”，符合句子含义。四个选项似乎在单个句子中都合理通顺，确定该题目为语意辨析题。前面相邻语句(或文章中心思想)叙述到“By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成为独立国家。”本句解释了这些居住在摆脱殖民地地位而独立的国家的人们对于未来的态度。既然独立，当让是充满希望的。因此正确答案D。Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the

15、 leaders of independence 3 the ideas of representative government, careers 4 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 5 to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society.3.Ashared Bforgot Cattained Drejected4.Arelated Bclose Copen Ddevoted5.Aaccess Bsuccession Cright D

16、return3. 词汇辨析题 本句子选择动词，在句子中充当谓语动词。句子叙述到many of the leaders of independence the ideas of representative government “许多独立国家的领导人都议会政府。”选项A. shared 共有;B. forgot 忘记;C. attained 获得;D. rejected 拒绝.。不难发现，文章中心思想叙述到“By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和

17、葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成为独立国家。”既然是独立的国家，那么新的国家领导人们应该推崇一种公平的政治举措。对于，当时比较先进而且民主的“议会制度”当然应该是全力支持的。选项A. shared 共有，“许多独立国家的领导人都认同议会政府”，符合句子含义;选项B. forgot 忘记，“许多独立国家的领导人都忘记了议会政府”，不符合句子含义;选项C. attained 获得，“许多独立国家的领导人都获得了议会政府”，不符合句子含义，“attain 获得”一般是通过长期努力而获得什么物品，实现什么目标，不能表达为“获得议会政府”;选项D. rejected 拒绝，“许多独立国家的领导人都拒绝了议会政府

18、”，不符合文章中心“国家独立”。因此，正确答案为A，许多独立国家领导人都认同议会政府。4. 词汇辨析题 本题目选择形容词，在句子中体现前、后名词之间的关系。句子叙述many of the leaders of independence shared the ideas of representative government, careers _to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, “许多独立国家领导人都认同议会政府，职业于人才，商业和贸易自由。”显然，短语“careers _to talent”、短语“freedom of commerce an

19、d trade”等都是与“认同议会政府”相并列的独立国家领导人们新政的民主政策。应该充分体现独立和民主。选项A. related 相关的;B. close 接近的;C. open 开着的;D. devoted 投入的.不难发现，选项A. related 相关的，“职业相关于人才”，不符合句子含义;选项B. close 接近的，“职业接近于人才”，不符合句子含义;选项C. open 开着的，“职业对于人才开放”，符合文章中心同时也符合句子含义;选项D. devoted 投入的，“职业投入于人才”，这种表达错误，应该是“人才投入与工作”才是正确的语句表达。职业对人才开放才符合文章“独立”这一中心。

20、因此，正确答案为 C。5. 词汇辨析题 本题目选择名词，在句子中体现句子内容的连贯性。句子叙述到many of the leaders of independence shared the ideas of representative government, careers open to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the_ to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. “许多独立国家的领导人都认同议会政府，认为职业应该向人才开放，认

21、可商业贸易自由，认可私有财产的，认为个人是社会的基础。选项A. access to 接近;B. succession to 继承;C. right to 的权利;D. return to 返回。不难发现，从前面的“议会制政府”，“向人才开放的职业”，“商业和贸易自由”可以看出这里提到的是推动国家进步和发展，充分调动人们积极性的另一个理念“人们对私有财产的所有权”，故此处选择right。因此，正确答案为C。6 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enou

22、gh to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of 1aws.6.APresumablyBIncidentallyCObviously DGenerally7.Aunique Bcommon Cparticular Dtypical6. 逻辑关系题 本题目选择副词，体现前、后两个句子之间的逻辑关系。句子叙述到 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, “有一种的信念，新独立的国家应该是自治并且独立的国家。”

23、 选择逻辑关系词，相关联的两个句子提供信息决定答案。选项A. Presumably 大概的;B. Incidentally 偶然的;C. Obviously 显然的;D. Generally 普遍的。不难发现，前面的句子叙述到“many of the leaders of independence shared the ideas of representative government, careers open to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the right to private property, and a belief in t

24、he individual as the basis of society. “许多独立国家的领导人都认同议会政府，认为职业应该向人才开放，认可商业贸易自由，认可私有财产的，认为个人是社会的基础。” 该句与后面的句子没有任何内容相反或转折的信号词，可以判断两个句子是顺接关系，后面承接上一句内容而来，继续介绍新的独立国家领导人都认同的理念。因此，正确答案为D。7. 词汇辨析题 本题目选择形容词，在句子中充当定语。句子叙述到Generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent st

25、ates, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a set of 1aws. “有一种普遍接受的信念，新独立的国家应该是自治并且独立的国家, 要足够大并且能够在经济上运行良好，通过一套的法律将各个新独立的国家联合”。选项A. unique唯一的;B. common普通的;C. particular 特殊的;D. typical 典型的。不难发现，想要“联合各个国家”只有通过共同接受的法律才能够实现。选项A. unique唯一的，体现与众不同，标新立异与 “联合国家”没有关联;选项B. common普通的，共同的，“通

26、过共同接受的法律将各个新独立的国家联合”，符合句子含义;选项C. particular 特殊的，体现自身特点“异于常规”，不符合句子含义;选项D. typical典型的，指具有既定特点的，不符合句子含义。因此，正确答案为B。On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the Church, 9 there was less agreement 10 the leadership.8.Afreedom Borigin Cimpact Dreform9.Atherefore Bhowever Cindeed Dmoreover10.Awith

27、 Babout Camong Dby8.语意辨析题 本题目选择名词，在句子中做宾语。句子叙述到On the issue of of religion and the position of the Church。“关于宗教的和教会地位的问题。”选项A. freedom自由;B. origin 起源;C. impact 影响;D. reform 改革。不难发现，选项A. freedom of religion“宗教信仰自由”，符合短语表达;选项B. origin of religion “宗教的起源”，符合短语表达;选项C. impact of religion “宗教的影响”，符合短语表达;选

28、项D. reform of religion “宗教改革”，符合短语表达。显然，四个选项在句子中似乎都合理，确定该题目为语意辨析题。由于前文叙述内容未涉及宗教，所以信息在后文。.(完成下面题目发现，罗马天主教是西班牙国教，是西班牙王室唯一认可的宗教。多数领导人致力于保留天主教为新国家的官方宗教;而另一些领导人致力于终结排斥其他宗教的状况。)显然，关于宗教信仰的自由问题产生分歧。因此，正确答案为A。9. 逻辑关系题 本题目选择逻辑关系词，体现前后句子之间的逻辑关系。句子叙述到On the issue of freedom of religion and the position of the C

29、hurch, there was less agreement 。“关于宗教信仰自由和教会地位的问题，各国领导人之间存在分歧。”选项A. therefore 因此;B. however 然而;C. indeed的确;D. moreover而且。不难发现，第一段最后叙述到Generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a set of 1aws.

30、 “有一种普遍接受的信念，新独立的国家应该是自治并且独立的国家, 要足够大并且能够在经济上运行良好，通过一套共同的法律将各个新独立的国家联合”，介绍了新成立的独立国家领导人之间在治国理念方面的共识。而随后的语句提到的是他们之间存在的分歧，显然两部分之间为转折关系。因此，正确答案为B。10. 词汇辨析题 本题目选择介词，体现句子内容的范围。句子叙述到On the issue of freedom of religion and the position of the Church, however there was less agreement _the leadership.“关于宗教信仰自

31、由和教会地位的问题，各国领导人在主导地位.方面存在分歧。”选项A. with和;B. about 有关;C. among 在之中;D. by通过。不难发现，本句表明各国领导人之间在宗教问题方面不那么有默契了，among表示“在之间”，这里among the leadership表范围。其他几个介词与后面内容搭配作状语时，都不表示范围。因此，正确答案为C。Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one 11 by the Spanish crown.11.Aallowed Bpreached Cgranted Dfunded11.词汇辨析题 本题目选择过去分词，修饰前面相邻的名词。句子叙述到Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one by the Spanish crown. “罗马天主教过去是西班牙的国教，是西班牙王室唯一的宗教。” 该过去分词短语修饰前面的“Roman Catholicism 罗马天主教”，体现出“Roman cr