中考英语复习课本知识整理 八年级上 unit10.docx

1、中考英语复习课本知识整理 八年级上 unit102010中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级上Unit 10 Im going to be a basketball player.【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语1. grow up 长大，成长2. computer science 计算机科学 3.be going to do 表示主观打算、准备或有信心做某事 4. computer programmer 电脑程序设计人 5.baseball player 棒球运动员6. take acting lessons 上演技课 7. professional basketball player 职业篮球运动员

2、 8.practice basketball 练习篮球9.move somewhere=move to somewhere 搬到（不具体的）某一地方 10. sound like 听起来像11.part-time 兼职的,full-time 全职的，全日制的 12.a year or two =one or two years; 一两年an hour or two=one or two hours 一两个小时; a day or two=one or two days 一两天 13. my dream job 我梦想的工作 14. what I want to do 我想做的事情 15. so

3、mewhere interesting 有趣的地方 16. a reporter for fashion magazine 时装杂志记者 17. save some money 积蓄一些钱，攒钱 18. at the same time 与此同时 19.hold art exhibition 举办美术展览 20.all over the world 全世界，世界各地 21. somewhere quiet and beautiful 安静而美丽的地方 22. send sth. to sb. 将某物发送给某人23.Im not sure yet 我还没有定下来24. the Olympic G

4、ames=the Olympics 奥运会 25. New Years resolutions 新年的决心 26. play an instrument 弹一种乐器 27. get a part-time job 找到一份兼职工作 28.make the soccer team 组建足球队 29. get good grades 获得好成绩 30.eat healthier food 吃健康的食物 31.get lots of exercise 多进行体育锻炼 32. take guitar lessons 上吉他课 33. I really love music 我酷爱音乐 34.sound

5、s interesting 听起来很有意思 35. communicate with sb 与某人交流36. a foreign language teacher 一份当外语教师的工作 37. keep fit 保持身体健康 38.work harder in school 在学校里更努力学习 39. make ones resolution 表决心 40. after high school=leave school 中学毕业后 41. international magazines 国际杂志社42. the exchange students 留学生 43. have a welcome

6、party 召开一个欢迎会II. 重要句型1. What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后将干什么？2. I am going to be a computer programmer .我将来成为一名电脑程序设计人。3. How are you going to do that? 你将怎么做？4. Im going to study computer science .我将要学习计算机科学。5. Where are you going to work? 你将去哪里工作？6. When are you going to do that? 你将什

7、么时候去做？7.Some parents are going to study the subjects their children learn at school.8. Its your job to make it cleaner.9.Im going to move from Dalian to Beijing after high school.10. I want to be a reporter because I enjoy talking with people.11. dream job 意思是“理想的工作”。12. Im going to do what I want t

8、o do.what I want to do 是宾语从句作do 的宾语，这句话的意思是我将做我想做的事情。13. Im going to move somewhere interesting .我将搬到有趣的地方。14. Paris sounds like a city that I could enjoy .巴黎听起来像是个我能喜欢的城市。III. 交际用语Where are you going next week?Im going to my grandmothers house next week.How long are you staying?Im staying for a wee

9、k.What are you doing on Saturday?Im playing tennis all day.IV. 重要语法一般将来时态 (be going to do) 用“be going to” 结构表示将来要发生的事，或打算、计划，决定要做的事情。 【课文解析】 1What are you going to be when you grow up?你长大以后打算做什么?(1)“be(is，am，are)going to+动词原形”构成一般将来时态，表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。其中的be要根据句子主语来确定。一般将来时常与表示将来时间的状语如tomorrow，

10、next week，next Sunday等连用。He is going to visit his friend next Sunday下星期天他要去看望他的朋友。Im going to be a doctor when I grow up我长大后打算当一名医生。Are you going to have any lessons next-Saturday?下星期六你打算去上课吗?(2)when在该句中是连词，意为“当时”，用来引导一个时间状语从句。 Im going to give her a present when she comes当她来的时候我打算给她一份礼物。注意：when引导的时

11、间状语从句不用将来时态，而通常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。用法相同的还有：as soon as，before，after等引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句。(3)grow up成长，长大My mother always says Im growing up我母亲总是说我渐渐长大了。2computer programmer电脑程序设计人员，程序师 programmer，1排练节目者，制订计划者。program(me)用作名词时，意为“节目单、节目、课程”；用作动词时意为“为安排节目，编制程序”等。What is the next one on the programme? 下一个节

12、目是什么？ 3how adv如何，怎样how为疑问副词，意为“如何，怎样”。How did it happen?那是怎样发生的?(1)how指(数量、程度)多少，怎么。every day是副词，在旬中作状语；everyday意为“每天的”，是形容词，在句中作名词的定语。He reads the everyday newspaper every day他每天都读日报。This is our everyday homework这是我们每天的作业。Do you go home every day? 你每天都回家吗?He watches TV every day他每天都看电视。(1)问题，发问ask

13、sba question向某人提一个问题(2)疑问，怀疑The question is：what do you want to do?问题是：你想做什么?(3)the answer to the question问题的答案problem与questionproblem指特别难的问题，如数学、几何、失业等问题，或令人困惑的事；question意义广泛，指需要解决或解答的问题。习惯上，解决数理问题用problem，提问史地等问题多用成的介词短语常作一些连系动词的表语，后多跟名词或代词。That sounds like a relaxing place那听起来像是个令人放松的地方。That soun

14、ds like a good idea这听起来像个好主意。sound与sound like(1)sound为系动词，意为“听起来”，其后须跟形容词；sound like意为“听起来像”，由于like为介词，所以其后一般跟名词或代词。The music sounds nice这音乐听起来不错。Your idea sounds good你的主意听起来不错。注意：与sound类似的系动词还有taste(尝起来)，smell(闻起来)，look(看起来)，feel(摸起来)，become(变成)等。Does the soup taste good?这汤尝起来不错吧?The stone feels co

15、ld这石头摸上去很冷。That food smells bad那些食物闻起来很糟糕。(2)that I could enjoy在此作city的定语。定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。引导定语从句的关系词可分为三类：关系代词that既可指人，也可指物。The man that you met is my teacher你遇到的那个(男)人是我老师。She is the singer that I saw last week她是我上周见到的那个歌唱家。关系代词还有who(指人)，whom(who的宾格形式),whose(指人或物)，which(指物)。The room whose window is

16、broken is our classroom那个窗户坏了的房间是我们的教室。He is the man who knows the answer他是那个知道答案的人。关系副词有when(指时间)，why(表原因)，where(表地点)。That is the place where I was born那就是我出生的地方。Can you tell me the time when you*were born?你能告诉我你出生的时间吗?(3)enjoy v.意为“喜欢，喜爱，享受的乐趣”。其后可以跟名词，代词和动名词。 Do you enjoy listening to music?你喜欢听音

17、乐吗? Enjoy yourself!好好玩! lots of：a 1ot of意为“许多”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。 There is lots ofa lot of milk in the fridge冰箱里有许多牛奶。 I have lots ofa 1ot of English books我有许多英语书。lots of, many与much 三者都有“许多”的意思，但用法不同。lots of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词；many只能修饰可数名词，much只能修饰不可数名词。There are lots ofmany people in the hall大厅里有许多

18、人。There is muchlots of water in the river河里有许多水。part-time adj.兼职的a part-time teacher兼职老师a part-time job兼职工作a year or two的同义短语是one or two years。类似的表达方式还有：a book or two=one or two books一两本书 an hour or two=one or two hours一两个小时two or three boys两三个男孩 five or six chairs五六把椅子eight or nine friends八九个朋友save

19、 v.(1)贮存，节省，积攒He saved a 1ot of money他存了许多钱。(2)救，拯救，挽救He saved the boys life他挽救了那个男孩的生命。(3)save time节省时间at the same time可以作“同时”解。They both(=Both of them)passed on their sticks at the same time他们俩同时把接力棒传了过去。We both got to school at the same time this morning今天早上我们俩同时到校。hold此处用作及物动词，意为“举行”，相当于have，指举行

20、活动，其过去式为held。We hold a sports meeting twice a year in our school.我们学校每年举行两次运动会。When did you hold a pop concert?你们何时举行了流行音乐会?hold的主要含义：(1)hold作动词，意为“拿着，抓住，抱住”。He Was holding the baby in his arms他用胳膊抱着婴儿。(2)hold作动词，意为“使保持(在某位置)”。Hold your head up抬起头来。(3)hold作动词，意为“支撑的重量”。I dont think the chair can hol

21、d your weight我想这把椅子不能支撑你的重量。(4)hold作动词，意为“容纳，包含”。The plane holds about 300 passengers这架飞机容纳大约300名乘客。travel v旅行。其过去式为travelled；现在分词为travelling；名词形式是traveller(旅客)。travel Europe旅行欧洲all over the world=throughout the world=around the world遍及全世界He travelled all over the world他周游世界各地。travel，journey，trip与to

22、ur以上各词都可用作名词，表示“旅行，旅游”的意思。其区别是： (1)travel常指长距离旅行或国外旅行。He came home after years of foreign travel多年在国外旅行之后他回家了。(2)journey常指远距离的陆地旅行。They decided to take a train journey他们决定坐火车旅行。(3)trip常指短距离的旅行、远足。I enjoyed our trip to the seaside我很喜欢我们去海边的旅行。(4)tour常指观光、考察等环游旅行。They are on the wedding tour他们正在新婚旅游。其

23、过去式为retired；现在分词为retiring；其形容词形式为retired，意为“退休的，退职的”。The man retired at the age of 60那人是60岁的时候退休的。a retired worker退休工人 send为动词，意为“派，送”；sendto意为“把送到，把派到”。Who sent you here?谁送你来这儿的?He sent his three sons to the same schoo1他送三个儿子去了同一所学校。此外，与send有关的词组还有： (1)send away开除，解雇，赶走Send him away!把他赶走!(2)send fo

24、r派人去请叫Please send for the doctor quickly赶快派人去请医生。(3)send off寄出(信等)，发出(信息)You should send all the letters off soon你应该尽快把信都寄出去。(1)sure在此为形容词，意为“确信的，有把握的”，可用于词组be sure about“对有把握，确信”。Are you sure about your answers?你对你的答案有把握吗?Hes sure about what he said他对他所说的话有把握。(2)yet意为“还”，多用于否定句和疑问句中。Supper isnt rea

25、dy yet晚饭还没准备好呢。He hasnt arrived yet他还没到呢。yet与already两者都有“还”的意思，但是具体用法不同。yet多用于否定句和疑问句中；already多用于肯定句中，若用于疑问句中表示惊讶和意外。Hes already out now他现在已经出去了。Do you have to go to bed already?你现在就得去睡觉吗?这是一般将来时的时间状语。用于一般将来时的时间状语还有：tomorrow明天in a weekyear，month一周(年，月)后next yearweek明年下一周from now on从现在起this yearweekt

26、erm今年本周本学期tomorrow afternoon明天下午play演奏，弹(吹)奏Play The Internationale on the piano用钢琴演奏国际歌。注意：弹奏具体某一种乐器时，乐器前须加the。Play the piano弹钢琴play the flute吹笛子grade在此为名词，意为“分数，成绩，等级”。 He often got good grades when he was in Grade？他在七年级时经常取得好成绩。注意：grade还有“年级”的意思。在表示几年级时，年级数和年级两个单词的首字母都要大写。如：Grade Two二年级，Grade Eig

27、ht八年级。healthier是healthy的比较级；health名词，健康；healthy形容词，健康的；healthy副词，健康地。exercise作“锻炼，运动”解时，为不可数名词，意为“活动”；作可数名词时意为“体操”。Exercise makes us strong and healthy锻炼使我们强壮而健康。Every morningwe see many old people doing morning exercises每天早上，我们看见许多老人在晨练。take在此表示“上课”，可用have来代替。Well have an English class today今天我们要上英

28、语课。Are you going to takehave dancing classes?你(们)要上舞蹈课吗?interesting adj引起兴趣的，有趣的This is an interesting book这本书很有趣。interesting与interestedinteresting有趣的，引起兴趣的；interested(对)感兴趣的，常用于be interested in结构中，意为“对感兴趣”。We are very interested in the story我们对那个故事很感兴趣。(1)get a letter from收到(某人的)来信，等于hear from I go

29、t a letter from my pen-pal last week=I heard from my pen-pal last week上周我收到了笔友的一封信。 (2)over超过，在以上(表示数目、程度)，相当于more than。He is over forty他加多岁了。There are more than fifty students in our class我们班有50多个学生。在之上。反义词为under。There is a bridge over the river河上有一座桥。在的上头，在的上方。同义词为above。A lamp was hanging over the

30、 table在桌子上面悬挂着一盏灯。all over到处都是，遍及 -I wet all over我浑身湿透了。over there在那边all over China遍及全中国修饰可数名词，并用复数形式。a few表示肯定，而few表示否定。l have a few friends in Beijing在北京我有几个朋友。I have few friends in Beijing在北京我几乎没有朋友。A few，few，a little与little 四者均可用于名词前，表示数量，但其含义不同。(1)a few和few用来修饰复数名词。few具有否定意义，意为“很少，没有几个”；a few具有

31、肯定意义，意为“几个，数个”。He has a few coatsbut few good ones他有几件上衣，但好上衣不多。Mike made a few mistakes in class迈克在课堂上犯了几个错误。(2)a little和little用来修饰不可数名词。little具有否定意义，意为“几乎无”；a little具有肯定意义，意为“一些，一点儿”。There is little milk in the bottleis there?这个瓶子的牛奶不多了，对吗?一Can you speak English?你会讲英语吗?一Yes。but just a little是的，但仅仅会一点儿。keep保持，使保持某种状态。 k