听力对话类题型分析及相关提示语总结doc.docx

1、听力对话类题型分析及相关提示语总结doc听力对话题型分析及相关提示语总结对话提问的内容，主要包括以下几个方面(高频词汇和习惯表达)：一、地点场所1、餐馆（restaurant）： bring me the menu, dessert, waiter, waitress, order, pay the bill, hungry, steak, salad, soft drink, beverage, soup, go Dutch, beef, beer, pie, pizza, mutton，appetite, course, main course, drink, hot dog, snack

2、, receive a tip, Its on me. Its my treat.2、邮局(post office)：mail, stamp, registered letter (envelope), package, post, money order, send a letter by air mail, postage, deliver(y), send it first class, express mail, regular mail, zip code, long distance call, etc.3、医院(hospital)：prescription, symptom, f

3、eel sick, flu, catch cold, have a slight headache, have a fever (cough), sore throat, vomit/throw up , dizzy，feel chilly, feel ones pulse, infection, injection, pill, tablet , capsule，mixture, take medicine, blood pressure, emergency room, general ward, isolation ward, observation ward, physician, s

4、urgeon, treat, X-rays, etc. 4、银行(bank)：account, open an account, savings account, current account, bank note, cash a check, a teller, draw, deposit, withdraw, exchange, exchange rate, interest rate, fixed deposit, etc.5、旅馆(hotel)：make a reservation, check in, check out, sign the register, luggage, a

5、 room with a double bed, receptionist, reception, front desk, room service, room number, laundry, porter, star hotel, vacant, etc.6、理发店(the barbers/the hairdressers)：have ones hair cut, cut short, go to the barbers, beard, mustache7、火车站(the railway station)：The train is ahead of (behind) schedule, d

6、ue to arrive, platform 3, a return ticket, window seat, timetable, announcement, express train, fast train, pull out, pull in, etc.8、商店（shop）(bookshop, drug shop, fashion shop, shoeshop, a dry cleaning shop, at the grocers): bargain, buy, discount, regular price, on sale, assistant, change, dress, e

7、xpensive, cheap, out of date, price, size, try, cash register/cashier, childrens wear, for sale, fit, fashionable, etc.9、学校(school)：library, course, class, laboratory, the English Department, mark, score, go to a lecture, pass the exam, academic year, bachelors degree, freshman, graduate, students u

8、nion, scholarship, tuition fee, tutor, etc. 10、机场/飞机（airport/plane）：at Gate 2, depart from, departure time, flight number, take off, board , fasten seatbelt，non-smoking section, land, window seat 二、职业、人物身份及人物关系shop assistant, secretary, doctor, nurse, librarian, reporter, professor, waiter, waitress

9、, telephone operator, clerk, postal (bank, ) clerk, railway porter, bus conductor, taxi driver, cook, salesman, insurance(car, )salesman, newspaperman, novelist, businessman, pharmacist, lawyer, policeman, receptionist, typist, pilot, plumber, electricianpatient and doctor, husband and wife, waiter

10、and customer, employee and boss, student and teacher, client and lawyer, father (mother ) and daughter, airhostess and passenger，operator and caller, etc.三、数字 9 sharp, duo to, the previous, discount, as many as, more than, no more than,半（half）， 多少(more or less), 迟早（late ,early）, 快慢(fast or slow), 分数

11、（three fourths）, 倍数（double, twice）， 相关的动词，如delay, postpone, , ahead of time, decrease, bring forward 四、肯定与否定(讲话人的意见，态度)not, no, neither, never, hardly, scarcely, barely, seldom, little, few, without Id like(love) to ,but out of the question, How about? Why not ?I cant agree more1、以否定形式表示肯定意义cannot w

12、ait+ 不定式或can hardly wait+不定式（急于，迫切希望）cannot 与 much (too, enough, sufficiently , very 连用（无论怎么也不为过）cannot help doingcannot but do （不得不，必然）cannot help but do （不得不）have no choice / alternative but to do （除做外别无选择，非做不可）nothing but 2、以比较结构表示肯定意义nothing less than （和一模一样，完全是）more A than B （与其说是B,不如说是A，或是A而不是

13、B）less A than B （与其说是A,不如说是B，或是B而不是A）not so much A as B（是B而不是A）A not so as B (A比B)3、以肯定形式表示否定意义anything but （根本不）used to （过去常常，是对现在的情况的否定，说明现在已不这样做）too to preferto would rather （宁愿而不） wouldrather than五、含蓄与逻辑推理含蓄语音、语调、说话语气+逻辑推理，听懂隐含的意义A. Could you come and look at the washer? It refuses to work?B. Do

14、nt you see Im working here with my papers？六、虚拟语气虚拟语气表达的是一种与事实相反的行为状态。虚拟语气题的解题思路是 “反向挑选”.即要从“相反”的角度对整个句子表达的语意进行理解。答好这类题,关键在于既要了解虚拟语气的基本结构,还要理解虚拟语气句中所包含的假设信息. 虚拟语气常用句型：he looks as if, as though，if only, I wish, if I had known that, if I were you, its a pity that, it is time that, I would rather, its d

15、esired that, lest等。 M: Do you like physics? W: Well, I wish it were interesting.Q: What does the second speaker mean?M: John is a smart boy.W: Yes, if he had studied more, he could have gotten better grades.Q: What does the second speaker mean?四级听力常考的十大场景四级听力常考的十大场景：学习选课场景、打工场景、天气场景、看病场景、图书馆场景、论文考试场

16、景、租房场景、出行场景、餐馆场景、减肥场景。英语是一种模式化的语言，固定的场景其词汇和表达也相对比较固定，平时注意积累场景高频词汇和习惯表达，在四级听力短对话部分可以做到未听先知的状态。 （1）学习选课场景常用词汇： course课程,lectures大课（老师讲，同学听）,tutorials小课（大家讨论，老师指导）, class timetable/schedule课程表,selective/elective/optional选修课, prerequisite/required/compulsory必修课, psychology心理学, anthropology人类学,sociology社

17、会学,zoology动物学, biology生物学,biography传记文学,economics经济学，electronics电子学,statistics统计学,archeology考古学,architecture建筑学,history, physics, fine arts美术, accountancy会计学,computing计算机学,programming编程, semester/term学期等。 （2）打工场景常用词汇： full-time全职，part-time兼职，teaching assistant教学助手, research assistant研究助手, lab assist

18、ant实验室助手, administrative assistant管理助手, waiter招待, waitress女招待, babysitter保姆, dishwashing洗盘子, application procedure申请过程, reference推荐, salary/wage薪水, precareer training (岗前培训), bonus奖金，telephone inquiry电话咨询 (position，available time for appointment)，interview面试 (hour，salary，experience)，job offer 工作机会 (

19、accept，turn down)，earn the bread挣钱，bring home the bread and butter挣钱。 （3）天气场景常用词汇： climate/weather，annual年/average平均/highest/lowest temperature, -20C=minus twenty degrees Celsius/Centigrade摄氏零下20度，wet and windy, cold and wet, rainy, humid潮湿的, clear up天气放晴，cloudy, flood洪水, drought旱灾。 （4）看病场景常用词汇： 医院及

20、医生 clinic诊所，physician内科医生，surgeon外科医生，dentist牙医，vet兽医 ，see a doctor看病，send for a doctor请医生，make an appointment预约。 症状 symptom症状， have/catch a cold感冒 ，have a sore throat嗓子痛， stomachache胃痛，fever发烧 ，cough咳嗽，headache头痛，toothache牙痛，have a runny nose流鼻涕，depression沮丧，消沉，vomit/throw up/呕吐，dizzy头晕，feel chilly

21、觉得发冷。 疾病 flu流感，allergy过敏症，twisted扭伤的， have a stuffed nose鼻子不通，fever发热。 药剂 pills药丸，tablet药片，capsule胶囊，mixture合剂，eye drops眼药水 ，syrup糖浆，pad药棉块，vitamin维他命，medication药物，aspirin阿司匹林，cold cure感冒药。 治疗 bandage绷带，injection注射，preventive injection预防针，take ones temperature量体温，feel ones pulse量脉搏，take ones blood p

22、ressure量血压，give a prescription开药方，have an operation 动手术。（5）图书馆场景常用词汇： 动作 check out登记并借出，renew续借，overdue过期的，迟到的，return归还，pay a fine支付罚款。 书的状态 available可用到的, 可得到的，可以借到的，out on loan借出的，reserved in circulation 在书库里，out of circulation借出，not for circulation不外借。 借的物品 book书，newspapers报纸，video tapes录像带，journ

23、al杂志，periodicals期刊, 杂志，current issue 现期刊物，back issue过期刊物。 借书需要证件 library card/admission card图书馆出入卡，driving license/license 驾照,student card学生证,library card借书卡。 图书馆各部分名称 information desk 服务台,delivery/circulation desk借书台, reference（stacks）参考, 参考书目,open/closed shelf 开架，闭架, photocopy room复印室, Return Area

24、 还书处, Reference Section 参考书部。 （6）论文、考试场景常用词汇： quiz 小测验，mid-term exam期中考试, final test期末考试, Open/Close Book exam开卷/闭卷考, score/points/marks/grades分数，Student Record Card/mark sheet/ transcript学生成绩单,credit（points）学分,degree学位,assessment综合评估,assignments作业, handout（上课老师发的）印刷品，presentation针对某一专题进行的发言, projec

25、t需要学生进行独立钻研的课外话题/论文，paper/thesis/dissertation论文博士论文硕士论文，essay短论文seminar（大学）研究班、讨论会，symposium座谈会、专题讨论，supervise监督，revise/rewrite修改，summary总结, tutorial/lecture/term/semester/subject/graduation paper小课/大课/学期/学期/科目/毕业论文, topic题目，at least2000 words in length至少2000字，deadline最后期限，extension延期。 （7）租房场景常用词汇 l

26、ease租借, landlord房东,landlady女房东, rent租金，lodger 寄宿者, flat/apartment公寓, roommate室友，dormitory宿舍，live on/off campus住在校内/校外，utilities设施，heater加热器，temporary accommodation暂时住所， sublet转租，a leaky faucet(漏水的水龙头), balcony 阳台，lobby 公共场所大厅，kitchen厨房，living room 客厅，dinning room餐厅，bathroom浴室，afford负担得起。 （8）出行场景常用词汇

27、： to book a room 预定一个房间, register登记, to check in /out登记入住/结帐退房，motel汽车旅馆，lodge旅馆，cabin小屋，tent帐篷，visa签证，passport护照，travel agency旅行社，relaxation松弛，娱乐，recreation消遣，娱乐，transportation 运输，traffic jam塞车，one-way ticket 单程票，round-trip/return ticket往返票， flight number 航班号，direct/non-stop flight直飞航班，terminal终点站，

28、destination目的地，luggage行李，picnic野餐，resort 旅游胜地，scenic spot风景点，place of interest名胜古迹。 （9）餐馆场景常用词汇： restaurant 餐馆, cafeteria 自助餐厅, bar 酒吧, waiter男服务生, waitress女服务生, order定购，reserve预定, menu 菜单, bill 帐单, tip 小费, go Dutch 各自付帐, my treat 我请客, dessert 餐后甜点, main dish 主菜, recipe菜谱, special特色菜，snack小吃，receive a tip接受小费drink 饮料, whisky 威士忌酒, wine 葡萄酒, alcohol酒, beer 啤酒, soft drink不含酒精）饮料。 （10）减肥场景常用词汇： put on some weight /gain some weight增重，lose some weight减肥,on a diet节食， keep fit/stay in shape/keep in shape/get into shape 保持体型，in poor/terrible shape/ out of shape身材不好。