be of 结构与介词宾语从句.docx

1、be of 结构与介词宾语从句be of 结构与介词宾语从句一、“ (be)+of+名词”用法请看课本中的句子：Freedom fighters can be found everywhere, and they are of all times.（Unit 14）自由战士在各个地区，各个时期都存在。该句的后半句，采用了be of接名词来说明句子的主语所具有的性质或特征。这是一种很常用的句式。be of 后可接两种不同性质和类型的名词，他们的意义大相径庭区别明显相差很远。 1， be of 后可接value, importance, use, help, significance, inter

2、est, benefit 等一些抽象名词，这样的结构用来说明句子主语所具有的作用、重要性或意义。 在这类抽象名词前我们可用一些形容词，如: great, little, some, any, no, not much等来修饰抽象名词，用以说明程度。 “be of+ 抽象名词（ value， importance， use， help， interest 等）”相当于“be + 该抽象名词相对应的形容词”。其中 of 表示“具备；具 有”， of 不可以省略。例如：They are of great help to learners of English. 他们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。 T

3、he press conference seems of great importance. 这个新闻发布会看来很重要。I dont want to hear what you are saying. It is of no interest to me. 我不想听你说,我对此不感兴趣。(of no interest=not interesting)Doing morning exercises will be of benefit to your health. 做早操对你的健康有利。Coal is of great importance to the development of indu

4、stry. 煤对工业发展是相当重要的。(of great importance=very important)The book will be of great value to students of history. 这本书对学历史的学生将很有用。The meeting is of great importance. 这个会议很重要。This medicine is of no use. 这种药无效。This matter is of no significance. 这件事无关紧要。在“be of + 抽象名词”结构中， 其意义就相当于 “be + 与该抽象名词同词根的形容词”。如：be

5、 of valuebe valuable, be of helpbe helpful, be of usebe useful, be of importancebe important, be of significancebe significant等。它们之间可以相互转换， 因此，以上各例句可转换为：They are very helpful to learners of English. This book is very valuable to students of history.This meeting is very important.This medicine is use

6、less.This matter is insignificant.2. be of +名词，还可用来说明句子主语在度量，大小，颜色，类别等方面的特征。这类名词有 colour, age, size, height, weight, shape, type， kind等。在这类名词前常用different, all, the same， this, that, a(n) + 形容词等词来修饰或说明。 “be of+ 表示年龄（ age ）、大小（ size ）、颜色（ color ）、 重量（ weight ）、高度（ height ）、价格（ price ）、意见（ opinion ）、 形

7、状 shape ） 种类 kind ） （ 、 （ 和方法 way ） （ 等的名词” 表示 ， “具有” ， 说明主语的特征。例如： When I was of your age， I entered the war. 当我是你这个年龄的时候，我就去打仗了。 These flowers are of different colors. 这些花的颜色都不同。 注意：在此结构中，如果后面的名词前有不定冠词 a / an ，则这个冠词相 当于 the same .例如： The two boys are of an age. The two boys are of the same age.这两个

8、男孩同龄。The two rooms are of a size . The two rooms are of the same size. 这两个房间大小一样。Coins may be of different sizes, weights, shapes, and of different metals. 硬币可能在大小、重量、形状和铸造的金属方面都有所不同。 These pens are of many different colours. 这些笔有许多不同的颜色。He is of the same weight as his brother. 他和他弟弟一样重。注意：此类句型中的某些表

9、达可以转换成 “be + different +in + 抽象名词” 的形式。“be + the same + in + 抽象名词” 的形式。如: Coins may be different in size, weight, shape, and metal.These pens are different in colour. The two rooms are the same in size.The productive forces were of a very low level. 生产力处于非常低的水平。City Lights and Modern Times were of t

10、his kind. “城市之光”和“摩登时代”就是这种影片。 3、 be of 还可以表示所属关系，相当于 belong to .例如： China and India are of the third world. 中国与印度同属于第三世界。 Workers and peasants are of one family. 工人和农民是一家。4、“be of + 物质名词”，表示主语是由某种材料制成或由某种成分构成， 相当于 be made of，be built of，be made up of 等。例如： The necklace is （made） of glass. 这条项链是由玻璃制

11、成的。 Our class is （made up） of over 50 students. 我们班有 50 多个学生。5、“be of + 形容词最高级=表示最，之一”，相当于 be one of .例如： His temper is of the quickest. 他的脾气是最急躁的。 Mr Liu is of the best teachers in our school. 刘老师是我们学校最好的老师之一。6、“be of+名词”也可以表示“来源、组成”。如： He was of a poor peasant family. 他出身贫农家庭。The committee is of s

12、even people. 该委员会由 7 人组成。二、“ (be)+of+名词”结构的句法功能1作表语：如：Their experience is of great significance 他们的经验是很意义的。This problem is of different nature 这个问题是属于不同性质的。Good intonation is of great importance 语调好很重要。This dictionary is of great help 这本词典是很有帮助的。Dont throw anything that may be of use.不要把任何有用的东西扔掉。Fl

13、owers are of many colours. 花的颜色很多。New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.新西兰葡萄酒质量很高,行销全世界。2. 作定语。例如:Your sister is a girl of wisdom. 你妹妹是一位有智慧的女孩。(=Your sister is a wise girl.)We dont think there is anything of interest in your pictures. 我们认为你的画并没有什么有趣的地方。 3作宾语补语：如：I cons

14、ider what he said of little importance我认为他所说的并没有什么重要性。We all think his words of great importance我们都认为他的话非常重要。He found himself of absolutely contradictory points of view. 他发现自己处于完全矛盾的观点之中。4作状语：如：Man must，of necessity，die人必然会有一死。5、of（ones）own V-ing结构这一结构表示某事由某人（亲自）完成。其中be of后也可接物主代词加own或名词所有格加及物动词的 V-

15、ing主动形式。如：The book is of my own choosing这本书是我自己挑选的。The cotton is of our growing棉花是我们种的。The house is of Toms repairing这房子是汤姆修的。The bridge is of the villagers own building这座桥是村民们自己建的。介词宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部. The new book is about how the

16、manned spaceship was sent up into space. 这本新书是关于载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的. The boy was interested in whatever he saw here. 那孩子对在那里看到的任何事物都感兴趣。 The first prize should go to whoever writes best. 头等奖应颁给最优秀的作者。 Whether we can succeed depends on how well we cooperate. 我们成功与否要看我们合作的情况。 He differed from his classmate

17、s in that he devoted his spare time to reading. 他与同学的不同之处在于，他把业余时间花在学习上。 Everything depends on whether we have enough experience. 一切取决于我们是否有足够的经验。 He walked up to where I stood. 他走到我站的地方来。I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work in a bank. They are worrying about whether they

18、 can get there in time.You can write about whatever topic you can think of. He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time. She was praised for what she had done. I know nothing about the matter except what you told me.注意：1，that 引导的介词宾语从句仅限于用在 in, except，but 等少数介词后, 而且that不可省略，形成

19、固定搭配，即 in that 在于, but that 要不是, except that 除了, 2，不是 except 后的从句都用 that 引导， 根据词义也可用 what, when, how, where, whether(不用 which 和 if )等引导。3，引导介词宾语从句的 whether 不能换作 if。1. After what seemed half an hour the teacher gave us the correct answer. What seemed + time是个固定句型.似乎在.以后. 这里what seemed half an hour 不是

20、after的宾语从句,after是引导时间状语从句的连词.After what seemed half an hour是时间状语从句A. that B. what C. which D. it2. I know nothing about the accident except what I read in the newspaper.A. that B. which C. what D. whether3. The table will do except that it is too expensive. A. that B. which C. what D. whether4. I kn

21、ow little about Helen but that she is a girl from America. A. how B. when C. that D. why5. Ellen was interested in what she had seen at the exhibition（展览）. A. which B. all what C. all which D. what6. People were more honest a long time ago, when life was very different from what it is today. A. whic

22、h B. that C. what D. how7. She was never satisfied with what she had achieved（实现，获得）. A. that B. which C. what D. whether8. No one had told Smith about there being a lecture the following day. A. there being B. there be C. there would be D. there was9. Before I went downstairs, I had prepared myself

23、 very carefully for what I must say. A. with which B. for what C. with what D. for that10. We can assign（分配，布置） the work to whoever is reliable. A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever哪些介词后可直接接“that”宾语从句短语动词中的介词在与“that”引导的宾语从句连用时，中间需增加形式宾语“it”，位于真实宾语之前。如：1You may depend upon it that they will support

24、your proposal你可以相信他们将支持你的意见。2We will answer for it that the apparatus is of good quality我们保证该仪器的质量很好。跟在某些短语动词或某些形容词后的介词，在that从句前常被省略：1He was surprised that she said this他因为她说了这样的话而感到惊奇。（surprised后跟的at被略去）2She was aware that there were still many problems她意识到还存在着许多问题。（aware后跟的of被略去）只有以下六个介词：besides，b

25、eyond，but，except，in和save在语言的进化发展过程中，与that构成了一个复合词，起连词作用，that不可省略。其中除了in that外，besidesbeyondbutexceptsave that都含有“除了”的意思。一、besides that：此外；除了She knew nothing besides that he was there除了知道他在那儿外，她什么也不知道。二、beyond that：除去，除而外1He did not really know what he was going to say beyond that the situation deman

26、ded something romantic除去说这场面需要浪漫色彩外，他确实不知还该说些什么。2I have heard nothing beyond that he is ill除去他生病之外，我没有听见什么。三、but that：要不是；如非，除外1But that I saw it I could not have believed it要不是看见我真不能相信。2Nothing would please him but that we go along除了我们往下进行之外，什么都不会使他开心。四、except that：除去之外；只可惜；除去，除掉1I know nothing exc

27、ept that he left home early that morning我只知道那天早晨他很早就离开了家，其余的我就不清楚了。2Its a very satisfactory hat，except that it doesnt fit me那是一顶很令人满意的帽子，只可惜戴着不合适。五、save that：（不常用）除了以外1She knew nothing about him save that he was from Scotland除了知道他是从苏格兰来的之外，她对他一无所知。2There was not a sound save that from time to time a

28、 bird called除了偶然两声鸟叫外，一点声音也没有。六、in that：书面语既然，因为；在方面1I prefer his plan to yours in that I think it is more practical我更喜欢他的计划，因为我觉得他的计划比你的更实际。2In that you wont have time for supper，let me give you something now因为你没时间吃饭，让我现在给你点儿东西吃吧。3Men differ from brutes in that they can think and speak人和动物的区别在于人能思维，人有语言。 结束