枪械英语词汇FirearmsEnglish.docx

1、枪械英语词汇FirearmsEnglish枪械英语词汇 Firearms English来源：作者：(.38 Special revolver)三八左轮枪(9 mm pistol)九 手枪(Beretta M92 pistol)九二手枪(Browning 12.7mm M2 HMG)五机枪(Browning 7.62mm M1919A4 MMG)三机枪(Bursted barrel)膛炸(Japanese 38th Year Rifle)三八大盖(Japanese 38th Year Rifle)三八式步枪(M14 rifle)五七步枪(M1903 Springfield rifle)三 步枪

2、(M1911A1 .45 ACP pistol)四五手枪(Mauser 96C Pistol)自来得同 “驳壳枪 ”。(Mauser 96C Pistol)快慢机(Mauser 96C Pistol)盒子炮(Mauser 96C Pistol)驳壳枪(Mauser M1888 Rifle)汉阳造(Mauser M1924 Gewehr)中正式步枪(Type 54 pistol)黑星手枪(Type 59 pistol)红星手枪(Type 65 rifle)六五步枪(ZB 26 LMG)捷克制轻机枪更新AAT (Arme Automatique Transformable) (法文 ) 通用机枪G

3、eneral Purpose Machine Gun， GPMG( 英文 ) 通用机枪Accelerator枪机加速器Accuracy准确度Accuralize准确化ACOG (Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight)先进光学战斗瞄准具ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol)柯尔特自动手枪弹Action 枪机Action shooting战斗射击Adjustable choke可调式收束器Adjustable sight可调式瞄准具Adjustable trigger可调式扳机Advanced primer ignition提前击发Airgun气枪Air

4、soft软弹气枪AK (Avtomat Kalashnikov)卡拉什尼可夫自动步枪Ambidextrous双手通用Ammunition弹药Annealing 退火处理Anti-material rifle 反物资步枪，反设备步枪Antique 古董枪Anvil 底火砧座AP (Armor Piercing) 穿甲弹Aperture 觇孔Aperture sight 觇孔瞄准具Armorer 军械士Arquebus 轻型火绳枪火绳枪 (matchlock)Assault rifle突击步枪Assault weapon攻击性武器ATF (Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms

5、Bureau)菸酒枪械管理局AUG (Arme Universal Gewehr)陆军通用步枪Autoloading自动装填Automatic自动在一般用法上通常指的是全自动(full automatic)，如自动武器 (automatic weapon)。Automatic pistol半自动手枪虽然按照原文应该直翻成自动手枪，指的通常是半自动手枪(semi-automatic pistol)。Automatic rifle自动步枪Automatic safety自动保险BAC (Bindon Aiming Concept)宾登式瞄准法Backstop挡弹墙Backstrap脊框Baffle

6、缓冲板Ball弹头、弹丸Ball powder球状装药Ball puller挖弹钉Ball screw挖弹螺钉见 “挖弹钉 ”。Ballistic Coefficient (BC)弹道系数Ballistic pendulum弹道摆锤Ballistics弹道学Ballistite枪榴弹推进药同bandolier 。Bandolier弹药带BAR (Browning Automatic Rifle)白朗宁自动步枪Barrel 枪管Barrel attachments枪口附件Barrel band枪管箍Barrel break-in磨合枪管Barrel extension枪管延伸部Barrel li

7、ner枪管衬套Barrel rib枪管肋条Barrel throat膛喉Barrel time膛内时间Barrel weights枪管平衡块Base wad底垫BATF (Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms)菸酒枪械管理局Battery枪机待发Bayonet刺刀Bayonet lug刺刀座BB 弹丸BB Cap (Bulleted Breech Cap)雷帽弹BB gun空气枪同 “空气枪 ” (air gun) 。BDC (Bullet Drop Compensator)弹道修正钮Bead珠状准星Bearing surface承载面Beaten zo

8、ne危险区Beavertail forend獭尾式前托Bedding座床分成使用金属座床块(bedding block)、玻璃纤维座床 (glass bedding)和柱承座床 (pillar bedding)几种。Bedding block座床块Belt弹带Belt弹链Belted case带式弹壳Belt-feed弹炼 / 弹带给弹Benchrest shooting精确依托射击Bent撞针钩槽在撞针 (firing pin)或主动撞针 (striker)Berdan primer柏丹式底火Bevel base斜底边式Biathlon现代冬季两项Bipod 双脚架Birdshot 鸟弹Bl

9、ack powder 火药、黑色火药Blackout 黑视出射瞳径 (exit pupilBlade sight锋状准星Blank 空包弹Blank firing adapter空包弹助退器新增Blank firing adapter空包弹头破坏器新增Blinker 挡风片Blish principle布利斯原理Block action闭锁块式枪机后膛闭锁块 (breech block)上升式 (rising block)、落下式 (falling block)、降下式 (dropping block)、滚动式 (rolling block)、转动式 (turning block)、翻动式 (

10、turning block)、倾斜式 (tilting block)Bloop tube准星延伸管Blowback气体反冲式Blow-forward气体前冲式Bluing 烤蓝Blunderbuss喇叭型前膛枪BMG (Browning Machine Gun)白朗宁机枪弹Boattail艇尾型Body armor防弹衣 新增Bolt 枪栓Bolt action栓式枪机转栓式枪机 (turn bolt)直拉式枪机 (straight pull)。Bolt carrier枪栓连动座Bolt face枪栓面Bolt handle枪栓拉柄Bolt release枪栓卡榫Bolt way枪栓滑道Bor

11、e 枪膛Bore diameter膛径Bore sight枪膛归零Boresighter枪膛归零器Bottleneck case瓶颈式弹壳Box magazine盒型弹匣Boxer primer巴克瑟式底火Brass 弹壳 brass本是黄铜 ( 铜锌合金 ) 的意思，一般弹壳 (case)是由黄铜制成，故又称之。Brass tumbler清壳机见 “滚筒清壳机 ” (tumbler) 。Break-in磨合见 “枪管磨合 ” (barrel break -in) 。Breakopen折开式铰练式枪身 (hinged frame)。Breech 后膛Breech block闭锁块Breech

12、plug后膛螺锁Breechloader后膛枪前膛式 (muzzleloader)。Bren LMG布伦轻机枪更新Broach rifling多点拉削法单点钩削法 (cut rifling)拉刀 (broach)Brown Bess棕贝丝BTHP (Boat-Tail Hollow-Point)空尖艇尾型弹头BTSP (Boat-Tail Soft-Point)软头艇尾型弹头Buckhorn sight鹿角型照门Buckshot鹿弹Buffer 缓冲器Buffer Spring缓冲弹簧Bull barrel重型枪管Bullet 弹头Bullet trap弹头捕阱Bullpup无托式 新增Bul

13、lpup犊牛头犬式Bullseye圆心Bullseye shooting圆靶射击Burst mode点放模式Butt 后托、枪托同 “后托 ” (buttstock)。Button rifling模头挤压法Buttplate枪托底板Buttstock枪托C.L.P.(Cleaner, Lubricant, Preservant)万用擦枪油C.U.P.(Copper Units of Pressure)单位铜压Calibre口径Cam 凸轮Cannelure夹压槽Cap 雷帽见 “撞击式雷帽 ” (percussion cap) 。Caplock雷帽式枪机Carbine卡宾枪、马枪、骑枪Cart

14、ridge子弹通常包含弹头 (bullet)、弹壳 (case)、装药 (charge)、底火 (primer)四部分。散弹枪的弹药叫霰弹 (shell)。Case 弹壳Case cleaner清壳机见 “滚筒清壳机 ” (tumbler) 。Case head壳头、弹壳头Case mouth弹壳口Caseless cartridge无弹壳子弹CB Cap(Conical Bullet Cap)尖头雷帽弹Center hold中心方位Centerfire中发式 ( 子弹 )Chamber膛室Chamber pressure膛压Change lever射击选择钮Charge装药黑色火药 (bla

15、ck powder)，无烟火药 (smokeless powder)。Charger填弹条Checkering雕花方格Cheek piece贴腮片Choke 收束器Choke tube收束管同 “收束器 ” (choke) 。Chrom plated镀铬Chronograph测速仪Clay bird陶土飞靶Clay pigeon陶土飞靶Clay target陶土飞靶Cleaning rod通枪条Click刻度Click响Clip弹匣有时这个字也指弹匣 (magazine)。Clip弹夹Closed bolt关闭式枪栓Coating镀膜Coaxial machine gun同轴机枪Cock待发C

16、ocked and locked固锁待发Cocking indicator待发指示杆Cold forging冷锻Collimator准直仪Comb 贴腮部Combat shooting战斗射击见 “战斗射击 ” (action shooting) 。Combat sight战斗瞄准具Combination gun复合枪 更新Condition of readiness待用状况Cook-off炽发Corrosive ammo腐蚀性弹药Crane 弹筒吊杆Crimp 夹压Crosshair 十字瞄准线Crown圆整枪口Cryogenic tempering深冷加工Cut rifling单点钩削法C

17、yclic rate循环射速Cylinder弹筒Cylinder latch弹筒闩DA/SA双动 / 单动模式见双动模式 (double action)。Damascene镶嵌Damascus barrel大马士革式枪管DAO (Double Action Only)纯双动扳机Decap退底火Decocker击锤降下杆、待发解除杆Decocking降下击锤Delayed blowback延迟反冲Derringer掌心雷Die 模具重装子弹时装在压床上使用的工具头，依不同功能需求可分整壳头(resizer ，含退底火杆 ) 、扩口头 (expander)、座弹头 (seater) 。Differ

18、ential recoil差异后座作用式Disconnector扳机脱离钩Disintegration link脱落式链钩Dominant eye优势眼Double action (DA)双动模式 更新Double column magazine双排弹匣Double pull双段扣发Double tap双发快射Double Trap双不定向飞靶Double trigger双扳机Double-set trigger设定式双扳机Dovetail鸠尾榫Drag阻力Dram英钱Drilled and tapped钻洞攻螺Drilling三管复合枪 更新Dropping block下降式闭锁Drum m

19、agazine弹鼓Dry-firing空发练习Dud 不发弹不能击发的子弹之俗称。Dum-Dum达姆弹头、达姆弹Duplex cartridge复头弹Dust cover防尘盖Ear muffle耳罩Ear plug耳塞Ear protection护耳用具Ejection抛壳Ejector抛壳顶杆Ejector rod退壳杆Electronic sight光电瞄准具Elevation高低调整Engraving雕花Epoxy环氧树脂Exit pupil出射瞳径Explosive Bullet爆炸性弹头Extraction退壳Extractor退壳钩、退壳器Extractor groove退壳钩槽

20、Eye piece接目镜Eye protection护目用具Eye relief良视距Falling block落下式闭锁Feed上膛Feed ramp上膛坡道Feedway上膛坡道Felt recoil后座感Fermeture nut前锁环式Field of view视野Field striping大部分解Firearm枪械Firing line射击线Firing pin撞针First Catch接触点First Graze着地点Fixed frame固定式枪身Fixed sights固定式瞄准具Flash eliminator消火帽Flash gap炽焰间隙Flash hider防火帽Fl

21、ask 引药罐Flat nose平头弹Flechette镖弹Flinch 突肩闭眼Flintlock燧石枪、燧发枪机Floating barrel浮动式枪管Floor plate弹仓底板Fluted barrel槽化枪管Fluted chamber槽化膛室FMJ (Full Metal Jacket)全金属包覆弹头Folding bayonet折叠式刺刀Folding stock折叠式枪托Follower托弹板Follower托弹臂Follow-through持续射姿Forcing cone导锥Forearm前护木Forend前护木Forend cap护木罩Forend tip护木头Foresight前瞄准具Fouling污垢fps (Feet per second)英尺/秒Frame枪身Free floating自由浮动式 ( 枪管 )Free Pistol自由手枪Free Rifle自由步枪Front sight准星 /前瞄准具Full automatic全自动Fulminate雷汞Furniture枪体Gain twist渐进式缠距Gas check气罩Gas operation气体作用方式Gas retarded气体延迟反冲式Gatling gun格特林机枪Gauge铅径Gewehr枪Ghillie Suit嘎伊理式伪装服Ghost ring sight鬼环式瞄准具