外研英语八年级下Module 2 Experiences知识小结及过去分词分类.docx

1、外研英语八年级下Module 2 Experiences知识小结及过去分词分类2019-2020年外研英语8下M2 知识1.进入 v. enter=come /go into 所以不与into 连用 They entered the room just now. =They came into the room just now. 报名参加enter=take part in =join in 参加比赛 enter a competitionn入口entrance 2. 比赛 n. competition v.竞争.比赛 compete n.赛手竟争者 competitor 为了竞争 comp

2、ete for . 和比赛 compete with什么类型的比赛？ what kind of competition? 演讲/写作比赛a speaking/ writing competition3.提高你的口语 improve your speaking 4. 赢得获胜 win+sth(prize/war/match/game/money 赢得一等奖 win the first prize 打败 beat+sb (team) Have you won any prizes before?5.ever adv. 曾经，多用于一般疑问句中 Have you ever been to the U

3、SA? - Yes, I have . - No, I havent.(Not yet .)6.dream做梦v. 梦想，梦n. dreamed/dreamed dreamt/dreamt向往，渴望，梦想dream of 梦见 dream about 梦到 dream that+ 从句这是我梦想中的学校、工作 Its my dream school/job.做个好梦 have a good dream我经常梦到我的家乡I often dreamt about my hometown.我梦想着终于有一天这里没有战争 I dream that there will be no wars one d

4、ay. 他的梦想是长在成为一名著名的作家 His dream is to be a famous writer when I grow up. 7.afford v. 买得起，负担得起 多与 can, could, be able to 等情态动词连用，表有能力承担负担了能承担做. offord to do sth我负担不起这栋有花园的房子。I cant afford to pay for the house with a garden.我买不起这辆车。I cant afford to buy the car.8我现在已经停止了尝试 I have stopped trying. stop do

5、ing 停止正在做的事 stop to do 停下来去做另外一件事9.其他种类比赛other kinds of competitions10多遗憾呀！what a pity! Thats a pity!Its a pity that .11.想起，想到，认为， 想念 think of(it)I will think of you every minute.(想念)What do you think of /about it ?=How do you like it ?思考，考虑 think about(it)仔细思考 think( it) over三思 think twice12. 你什么意思

6、？What do you mean ?what do you mean by doing 。？mean to do 打算做mean doing 意味着They mean to watch football match with us.Being a student means studying hard. 13. 这有一场写作比赛 Heres writing competition. 这是你的礼物。 Herere gifts for you. 车来了 Here comes the bus . 给你。 Here it is . Here you are .14.别着急：Dont worry ab

7、out15.弥补，编造，化妆 make up 你可以把它编写出来。You can make it up.16.邀请 invite n. invitation 邀请某人去 invite sb to+n邀请某人做 invite sb to do 谢谢你的邀请。Thanks for your invitation=Thank you for inviting me.17.很可惜你没有和我们一同看电影。 It is a pity that you cant see the film with us.18我从没有太多的去旅游I have never traveled much.19.我的家庭买不起比赛的

8、票。My family cant afford to buy the tickets for the match.20一等奖只是本名叫环球80天的书The first prize is the only book called around the world in 80daysU21.有趣的地方interesting places名胜古迹 places of interest对感兴趣 be interested in 对感兴趣(n)take /feel/have (an)interest in对表现出兴趣 show(an) interest in 有兴趣去做。be interested to

9、 do 2.一个8岁的男孩 an 8-year-old boy复合形容词 数词-N-adj 作定语3此时此刻 at the moment 在那时 at that moment4.最之一 one of the +adj最高级+ns 最厚的书之一 it is one of the thickest books5. 搬到 move to 搬到这儿 move here来回，四处走动 move around搬入 move in般进入 move into搬走 move away6. send派出 sent/sent 发送寄出寄给某人某物send sb sth=send sth to sb送/派某人去做se

10、nd sb to do 派人去请 send for 发射 send up 送行 send off 发光、发热 send out7.为工作 work for 为一家公司效力 work for a company8德国Germany 德国人German(s)它已经送彼得去德国工作It has sent Peter to work in Germany.他的家庭总是和他一同前往His family always goes with him9.罗宾逊一 家喜欢游览世界The Robinsons like seeing the world.10.have/has been to have/has gon

11、e to have/has been in 我去过长城两次I have been to the Great wall twice. 他已经去了北京He has gone to Beijing. 我在这个小镇住了三年了。 I have been/lived in the town for 3years.11.他们泛舟尼罗河上。They traveled on a boat on the Nile River.12.开始学习那个国家的语言Start/begin to learn the language of the country.13 different adj 不同的 （反义）same be

12、 different from 与不同的the same as 与是相同的. difference n 不同,区别 the difference(s) between and . .与之间的区别不同是 what is the difference between English and Chinese?14.在很多方面 in many ways15.到目前为止 so far=up to now16发现做是很难的 find it +adj+to do 认为、觉得、做是 find/think/feel +it +adj.+to do 用It 作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的to do我发现学好英语是很

13、难的。I find it difficult to learn English well.我认为努力学习是很重要的对于我们所有的学生来说。I think it important for all the students to work hard.17.法国 France 法国的 French 法国人 Frenchman-Frenchmen18混淆mix Vt 把与混在一起 mix with 混淆，弄混了 mix up 19.要求某人（不）做ask sb (no)to do 询问某人关于某事 ask sb about sth 向某人寻求帮助 ask sb for help 向某人要 ask s

14、b for sth20对表示高兴 be nice /glad to 21想念朋友们 miss friends22全世界 all over/around the world23倒计时 count down24.错过做miss doingU31.渴望回家 look forward to going home2.最近 recently=lately3.返回美国 be/go back to the US4.去海边旅游 travel to the seaside5.尝试海鲜 try seafood6.为父母做饭 cook dinner for your parents 为某人烹饪 cook sb sth

15、 =cook sth for sb7.此外 whats more 8.一件完美的生日或是结婚礼物it is the perfect birthday or wedding present.9.使我们的国家更绿make our country greener10某人的余生 the rest of ones life11.下来 come down12. 缺乏氧气 the lack of oxygen单元语法 现在完成时1.现在完成时，表过去发生的动作行为对现在造成的结果或是影响2.构成：肯定：主+have/has +done(p.p)+其它否定：主+havent/hasnt +done+其它 一般

16、疑问句： Have/Has +主语+done+其它？ -Yes, have/has. -No, havent/hasnt.3.done(p.p)动词过去分词变化：、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式）work-worked-worked,visit-visited-visited(2)以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived-lived(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将y变为i，再加“ed”。study-studied-studied,c

17、ry-cried-cried,try-tried-tried ,fry-fried-fried.1(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped,drop-dropped-dropped不规则动词，见不规则表4.现在完成时中常用的副词1）already 多用于肯定句中，多用于助动词，情态动词，be 动词后，实义动词前（三后一前）We have already seen the film.但是如果already用于疑问句中多表示一种惊讶怀疑的语气,此时多用句尾如：你已经写完作业了？Have you finished your

18、homework already? 2）yet 用于否定句中，疑问句中，表示“尚，还”用于简略的否定回答。Haveyou seen the film yet ?No, I havent .( No, not yet)3）ever 曾经，多用一般疑问句用 Have/has ever +done。Have you ever been to the Great Wall?不规则变化编辑AAA型原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个）costcostcostcutcutcuthithithithurthurthurtletletletputputputreadreadread(read的原形和过去

19、式、过去分词读音不同2)set-set-setshut-shut-shutABB型过去式、过去分词相同。（共42个）1过去式和过去分词都含有-ought（4个）bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthoughtfightfoughtfought2词尾有-ild，-end时，需把d变为t（4个）buildbuiltbuiltlendlentlentsendsentsentspendspentspent3过去式、过去分词都含有-aught（2个）catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaught4把-eep、-eel变为-e

20、pt、-elt。（4个）keepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptsweepsweptsweptfeelfeltfelt5把-ell变为-old。（2个）telltoldtoldsellsoldsold6把-ell、-ill变为-elt或-ilt。（3个）smellsmeltsmeltspellspeltspeltspillspiltspilt7把-eed、-ead、-eet变为-ed或-et。（4个）feedfedfedleadledledspeedspedspedmeetmetmet8过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（5个）learnlearntlearntmeanmeant

21、meantspoilspoiltspoiltburnburntburntdreamdreamtdreamt9过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id（4个）saysaidsaidpaypaidpaidlaylaidlaidhearheardheard10改变元音字母。（12个）meetmetmetfeedfedfedgetgotgotsitsatsatfindfoundfoundholdheldheldspitspatspatshineshoneshonewinwonwonhanghunghungdigdugdugloselostlost11改变辅音字母。（4个）makemademadebuildbu

22、iltbuiltsendsentsentspendspentspent12改变元、辅音字母。（4个）leaveleftleftstandstoodstoodhave/hashadhadunderstandunderstoodunderstoodABC型原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共39个）1iau变化。（7个）beginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunksingsangsungringrangrungswimswamswumsinksanksunkspringsprangsprung2词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（5个）blowb

23、lewblowndrawdrewdrawngrowgrewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrown（show除外）3词尾为“i+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n。（4个）（give，hide除外）drivedrovedrivenwritewrotewrittenrideroderiddenriseroserisen4过去分词在过去式后加n。（3个）wakewokewokenspeak-spoke-spokensteal-stole-stolen5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（2个）get-go

24、t-gotten/gotforgetforgotforgotten6过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（6个）bewas（were）beeneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenseesawseenhidehidhidden（hid）7词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n。（2个）taketooktakenmistakemistookmistaken8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个）dodiddoneflyflewflowngowentgonelielaylainshowshowedshownwearworeworn9词尾

25、为-eak时，过去式将其变为-oke，过去分词在过去式后加-n。（2个）breakbrokebrokenspeakspokespoken10（2个）choosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenAAB型过去式和原形相同。（1个）beatbeatbeatenABA型过去分词和原形相同。（共3个）1.词中间为“o+辅+e”时，过去式将o变为a。（2个）comecamecomebecomebecamebecome2.uau变化。（1个）runranrun情态动词型(除must)只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（共4个）cancouldmaymightwillwouldshallshouldmust既没有过去式也没有过去分词