人教必1U15重点词汇讲解.docx

1、人教必1U15重点词汇讲解重点词汇讲解(一)1、add搭配：addto把加到 add up合计 add up to总计达 运用：(1) (合计你的分数) and see how many points you get. (2) . (把水加到瓶子里) (3) The number of the guest . (总计达100人)2、upset(upset upset) ；adj.心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的 vt. 使不安；使心烦搭配：be upset at / about 因而烦恼运用：(1) She losing her money. (为丢钱的事而心烦) (2) If I catch yo

2、u doing that again, Ill be very upset you. 3、ignore ; vt.不理睬；忽视ignorance n.无知，愚昧 ignorant adj.无知的4、calm ；adj.平静的，冷静的 vt.（使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来 搭配：calmdown 使平静下来 stay/keep calm 保持冷静 运用：(1) The doctor has given her some pills . (使她镇静下来) (2) I tried to (保持冷静) I knew that worrying wouldnt help me. 5、have got t

3、o (sth / do sth) ；不得不； 必须 造句： . 我必须及时赶到这个会议。6、concern ；vt.涉及，关系到，（使）担忧 n.担心，关注搭配：be concerned with 与.有关系 be concerned about 关心； 挂念as far as .is/are concerned 就.而言运用：(1) . 他跟这次事故有关。(2) .就我而言，写信不能被用手机发信息所代替。 (3) .李老师非常关心我的表现。7、go through 经历； 浏览； 穿过例句：这个国家经历了太多战争。This country has gone through too many

4、wars. 浏览报纸。go through the newspaper. 这条河流穿过城市。This river goes through the city. 联想：get through 通过；完成8、set down 记下，放下，登记联想：（同义词） ， 9、on purpose 故意 = deliberately 词组：with/for the purpose of 为了.目的 联想：表目的几个短语和句式 in order to (do) 可放句首 in order that (+从句) 可位于句首 so as to (do) 不能位于句首 so that (+从句) 不能位于句首pur

5、pose 目的10、dust n. 灰尘 adj. 满是灰尘的dusty11、at dusk 黄昏；傍晚 / at dawn 在黎明12、power n.能力；力量；权力 adj.强大的；强有力的powerful 13、face to face 面对面地（作状语）hand in hand 手拉手 side by side 并排地 arm in arm 臂挽臂地heart to heart 贴心地 word by word 逐字逐句地 back to back 背靠背地14、no longer / not.any longer 不再.15、suffer vt./vi. 遭受；忍受 n.痛苦 su

6、ffering 搭配：suffer from 遭受（不好的事情）16、recover (n.) from illness. 恢复健康recovery n. 恢复；痊愈；恢复recovered adj. 恢复的；治愈的17、get / be tired of (sth / doing sth) 对.厌烦 联想：be tired from 因累了/ 疲劳be bored with 对极其厌倦be fed up with 对感到厌烦运用(1)Though Jack is often tired his job, he is never tired it. In fact, he enjoys it.

7、(2)The teacher is not good at teaching. No wonder the children grow bored_ _his lesson.18、pack (sth) up 打包，包装19、get alone with 与.相处；进展get well alone with 与.友好相处 例句： 工作进展得相当顺利。20、disagree vi.不同意 n.同意；一致；协议agreement 搭配：agree with (have the same opinion as. E.g:I agree with you/your opinion/what you sa

8、id) agree to (be willing to accept or allow sth. E.g:The bank manage agree to accept our request for a loan.) 注意：后接sb.用agree with一定正确21、be grateful to sb for sth 对.表示感激gratefully adv.感激地gratefulness n.感激22、dislike n./ vt.不喜欢；厌恶(vt.)我母亲不喜欢看到你和我在一起。(My mother dislikes seeing you with me.) (n.)那男孩不喜欢吃蔬

9、菜。(The boy has a dislike of vegetable.) unlike adj./prep. 不相似；不同(adj.)他们对这次事故给出不同的描述。(They gave unlike accounts of this accident.)(prep.)这风景跟我过去见过的都不一样。(The view was unlike anything I have seen before.)23、join in 参加；加入 注意：join表示加入某党派、某组织时，不能加in 例句：他永远也不会忘记他入党的那一天。He will never forget the day when he

10、 joined the Party.24、settle vi.安家；定居 vt.使定居；安排；解决 n.定居；解决settlement 搭配：settle down人教版高一英语必修一Unit2知识梳理、重点词汇解析及单元自测要点提炼I词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour【解释】voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念trip: (短途)旅行tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1

11、). It is tiring to take a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow.2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend.4). We went on a guided _ round the castle.答案: 1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). tour1. recognize/realize/know(1)recogniz

12、e 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。(3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解应用1(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health.(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room2. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular【解释】frequent经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现comm

13、on 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义general一般性的，到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用 regular平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). This is a _ problem.2). He often makes _ errors of judgment.3)Look at the trains _ schedule.4)The violinist gave a very _ performance marked by an occasional memory la

14、pse.5)As a _ rule I am home by six.答案: 1). common 2). frequent 3). regular 4). ordinary 5). general2. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 like互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that is或 namely。(2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或

15、句末(such as只能位于所列举的事物之前)。(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用.and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了。应用2(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking, _， destroys many nutrients.(3)He can speak some other languages

16、, _ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag.3. especially/ specially【解释】especially意思是“尤其，特别”，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Our city is very beautiful, _ in spring. 我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。2). He came here _ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的。答案: 1). e

17、specially 2). specially 4 a number of / the number of【解释】a number of意思是“若干；许多”the number of意思是“的数目”【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Today _ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.2). _ books in the market are in English.答案: 1). the number of 2). A number ofII词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. actual adj

18、. 实际的actually adv. 实际上；事实上2. base n. 基地；基础base v. 以为根据basic adj. 基本的3. east n. 东方eastern adj. 东方的；东部的【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) What did he _ say? (actual)2) The _ cost was much higher than we had expected. (actual)3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _. (base)4）She used her familys history as a _ for her

19、 novel. (base)5）This novel is _ on historical facts. (base)6）He is interested in _ customs. (determine)7) The wind is blowing from the _. (determine)答案: 1) actually 2) actual 3) basic 4) base5) based 6) eastern 7) east 重点词汇1. present n. 礼物adj. 在场的；目前的vt. 赠送 典例 1). The mountain bike is a birthday pre

20、sent from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。2). I am afraid I cant help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。3). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。 重点用法at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在be present at 出席；到场(反义： be absent from)present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人1 All the pe

21、ople _ (出席晚会的)were her supporters.练习 中译英1). 所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误。2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present. 2). This book was a present from my brother.2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握1). The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。重点用法 command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事

22、be under the command of 由指挥,由控制be in command of 控制 be at ones command 听任某人支配have / take command of 指挥特别提醒 command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气练习 用适当的介词填空1). For the first time in years, she felt _ command of her life.2). The army is _ the kings direct command.3). The police arrived and took command _ the situatio

23、n.答案: 1). in 2). under 3). of3. request n.& v. 请求；要求典例 1). Your requests will be granted. 你的请求能够获准。. 2). I requested him to help. 我请求他帮忙。重点用法request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事 He requested me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _(write) a letter of

24、recommendation. The passengers _(request) to show their passports. 练习 中译英。1). 我是（特别）应你要求而来。 2). 请不要吸烟。答案: 1). I came at your (special) request. 2). You are (kindly) requested not to smoke.扩展=联想：像command一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用“(should)+ 动词原形”的常用词有：一个“坚持(insist)”；两个“命令(order，command)”；三个“建议(suggest，advise，pro

25、pose)”；四个“要求(demand，ask，require，request)”；4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认典例 1). I recognized her by her red hat. 我根据她的红色帽子认出了她。2). Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承认他为合法继承人。重点用法recognizeby sth 认出或识别某人/某事物 recognizeas sth 承认某人/某事物是recognizeto be承认是 recognize +宾语从句 意识到；

26、承认I recognize him_. (他是个聪明人).Though they hadnt met for many years，they _ (认出了对方)at the first sight.练习 中译英 1). 人们都承认他是他们理所当然的领袖。2). 我认出他是我朋友的哥哥。答案: 1). He is recognized to be their natural leader.2). I recognized him as my friends brother.5. straight adj.笔直的；正直的 adv. 直接；挺直典例 1). This is a straight ro

27、ad. 这是一条直路。2). She went straight from school to university. 她中学一毕业就马上进了大学。练习 中译英1).我的领带系得正不正?2). 一直往前看。答案: 1). Is my tie straight? 2). Look straight ahead. 6. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块典例 1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街. 2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走

28、廊和出口都堵死了重点用法a block of 一大块 block out 堵住 block off 封锁；封闭 block up 堵塞；阻碍练习 中译英1). 他们在绕楼群散步。2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。答案:1). They are taking a walk round the block. 2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.7、actually adv. 实际上；事实上相近词汇：in factas a matter of fact8gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的gradually adv.逐渐地，逐

29、步地9.native adj. 本地的，出生地的；天赋的n. 本地人；出生于某国的人be native to.原产于某地ones native country/land本国，祖国native place出生地ones native language本国语，本族语，母语a native of当地人/产于的动/植物即学即练1(1)China is our _， and Chinese is our _.中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。(2)The tiger _ India.这种虎产于印度。(3)He is _ Beijing.他是北京人。答案.native country; native language；is native to；a native of重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）e up走近；上来；提出典例 1). The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station. 小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。3