上海中考英语完形填空首字母填空答题指导与分析报告.docx

1、上海中考英语完形填空首字母填空答题指导与分析报告中考英语第三部分完形填空(首字母填空)答题指导与分析【2009】Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.THIS MONTHS GOALS FOR HELPING TO SAVE OUR PLANET!1. Save electricity2. Recycle 3. Save water4. Save gasWeek 1 This week, my family tried to save electricity. We never left the lights on

2、when leaving the rooms. We switched off the TV when (92)nobody was watching it. Mum only used cold water in the washing machine. Week 2 We started recycling this week. We tried to write on both sides of our paper, not just on one side. We also divided our rubbish into (93)different bags for bottles,

3、 cans, paper and food. Mum kept the plastic shopping bags from the supermarket to use them (94)again as rubbish bags. These are great ways to help our environment. Week 3 We stopped taking long baths and had short showers (95)instead. We flushed the toilet with used water. When mum and dad made tea

4、or coffee, they used (96)less water in the kettle (水壶). My sister and I didnt leave the tap running when we brushed our teeth. Week 4 Mum used to (97drive us to school, but now my sister and I have started riding our bikes to school. Its hard work but good exercise! This week dad and a few of the pe

5、ople he works with also started to go to work together in one car and share the cost. This should help (98)reduce greenhouse gases!My friends and I became volunteers at school. We help make our school more earth-friendly. 09年答案考点1考点2字母数nobody不定代词句意理解6different形容词句意理解9again副词句意理解5instead副词句意理解7less形容

6、词比较级句意理解4drive动词句意理解5reduce动词句意理解66.0 预测：首字母填空：动词2个，名词或是代词1个或2个，形容词或是副词07-10都考了两个。单词的词汇量都是课本上大纲要求背诵的。单词并不复杂，主要是考查对文章的整体把握和理解。中考英语首字母填空试题抓分技巧：中考英语中首字母填空这个单项被许多考生视为畏途，但是通过一定训练,掌握一些技巧,这个难关是可以被攻克的。 中考英语中首字母填空这个单项被许多考生视为畏途，但是通过一定训练,掌握一些技巧,这个难关是可以被攻克的。现结合2006年市中考英语试卷的首字母填空试题，来探讨该类题目的答题技巧： When the London

7、Underground goes on strike, my journey to work can be terrible. I remember a strike, which happened a few years a_1_the station near my house was closed and I had to use another station and take a different train. This a_2_about an hour to my journey, so I wasnt veryhappy. E_3_went wrong at the stat

8、ion. People were late and they were panicking! By the time I go to the train, I was feeling upset and sorry for myself. Then I saw this man. There was something about him-he had such a familiar f_4_.A few minutes later, I realized that he was Jack, a fiend from my school days in Scotland.At the same

9、 time he a_5_realized who I was. Then we started talking about school days and the people we both used to k_6_.I was even more surprised when the train came into my station and he started to get off too! I asked him w_7_he was going and he said he was going to work. He told me he worked in Fitzroy S

10、treet. You see, I work in Fitzroy Street, too. Its a small w_8_!It was such an amazing coincidence!全文概况是身处英国的作者在经历一次他印象深刻的伦敦地铁罢工事件时，巧遇他旧日在苏格兰的同学的故事。在截取这样一个素材时，出题者选取了8个词汇作为得分点。第1空的答案是ago。此处很少有同学失分，把握一般过去时的必要的条件就是要有一个表示段时间的a few years,再看文中其余动词的时态就很容易推断出是指几年以前。第2空的答案是added.此处失分的同学不少，其难点有二：先是要判断此空所需单词的词

11、性是什么。让我们跳过空格审视一下剩余部分还缺少什么句子成分？该句主语、宾语都在，只有中间的谓语不见，由此推断该处应为开头是a的动词，作者一再强调此次罢工是terrible的，那么消极影响就必然是增加作者的麻烦。并且该句后面有一个介词to出现，那么什么动词既表示“增加、添加”又可以和to一同使用呢？那么只有add符合条件。第一个难点解决了，下一个就要看时态。根据统一原则，把add改为过去时added。很多同学过了难点以后就不再关注细节了，导致只填了add而失分。第3空的答案是Ev-erything.原则同上。第4空答案是face.作者偶然注意的人身体上的哪个部位会是以f开头的呢？有face, f

12、oot等等可能，显然填脚是“令人眼熟的”似乎不大合乎逻辑，能一眼被人辨认的人体部位就是面孔，因此判断是face。第5空答案是also.副词的考察这已经是第二次出现了，通观这一句，所有主要成分无一缺席，惟有表示“也、同时”的副词才符合题意，因而确定为also.表示在作者认出这样一个老同学的同时，对方也同时辨认出了“我”的身份。第6空答案是know.此句是一个包含省略关系代词“that/who/whom”的定语从句的复合句，先行词可确定是people,而表示“认识/知道”含义的以k开头的动词只有know。第7空答案是where.先要复习一下宾语从句的概念，它是指在主从复合句中充当宾语、位于及物动词

13、、介词或复合谓语之后的从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有：连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，why，how等。本句及物动词ask后很明显应该衔接的是双宾语，其中有直接宾语人称代词him,后面就要跟一个由任意连接副词引导的宾语从句做间接宾语。再向后看，发现“老朋友”回答作者他是要去工作，从而确定选择连接副词where代指地点。第8空答案是world.此句是非正常形式的感叹句，虽然不是由“what/how”引导，但后面的感叹号仍说明了该句的性质，在判断出了以上7个空白后

14、，同学们可轻易知道作者感慨的是“这世界真小！”名词world等均包含在初中英语学科教学基本要求里。以上8个空白应填的每个单词或是其变型形式，都没有超出课程标准的要求，甚至大部分单词的字母数都不超过5个。可见中考英语试题中首字母填空类题目并不是要在单词难度上做文章，而是要全方位地考察同学们对所学知识点的综合判断能力以及总体语言应用水平。只要平时多注意加强训练自己的能力，并且多选有价值的文章自我整合，还是很有可能取得进步的。英语完型填空解题技巧及考题分析完形填空解题技巧考点分析: 完型填空一直是考试必考题型,而且在整卷中占相当大的分值,如果该部分失分严重,会影响学生英语最终成绩.因此,学生必须熟练

15、掌握完型填空做题技巧,同时通过一定量专题练习,提高做题的正确率.注:学生该部分失分特别严重,所以必须加大该部分的练习.一.完型填空最常用的四种解题法:1.总体把握:要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。2.弄清体裁:文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。3.重视主题句:完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间

16、或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要容。4.语境联想:利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。二.三种解题技巧：1.词语搭配(1)从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组的序列。(2)因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film(3)词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如：push ahead with(奋力前行)。(4)因词组而构成的常见的句式：It feels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。如：look for, loo

17、k over, look out, look after, look up等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如：I paid 12 pounds for the dictionary. The book cost me a lot. It took three men to lift the box.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。如：take off有“脱下(衣服)，(飞机)起飞，匆匆离开，取下，休假等多种含意。2.语法判定(1)要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时

18、，要注意以下几个方面：a.名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词，注意其性和数的一致。b.动词的选用，要注意词义和惯用搭配，还要区分近义词之间的用法差异及所给词的形式。c.选择介词，应注意其惯用法，特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配。d.选择代词，要注意性、数、格是否准确。e.选择连词，要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。f.选择形容词和副词，要注意词义的区别，用于比较时，还要注意词形变化。(2)要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装a.句子的种类包括述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。b.句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复

19、合句和并列复合句。中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。c.句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。(3)在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。3. 例举对比。在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。一般的解题过程是：1.通

20、读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么容。2.瞻前顾后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑，务必使所填的单词准确无误。3.反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。如实词多与文章的容直接相关，虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关，如果从容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话，应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。4.验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点：(1)文章是否顺畅；(2

21、)所填单词是否是最佳单词；(3)所填单词是否有拼写错误。答题分三步： 第一步： 通览全文:通过通览全文，便知本文讲述许多人学习英语。学习英语的人年龄不同，目的各异。 第二步：逐项填空,本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。 最后须提醒大家一点，做好完形填空题并非一日之功。我们应从平日学习中做起，多积累，勤学苦练，方可成功！Have a greater success in the future！三、 实例点拨 请根据下面短文容，在短文后面的四个选项中选择一个能填入空白处的最佳答案。 A Every year students in ma

22、ny countries learn English. Some of these students are children, _1_ students are young people. Why do all these people want to learn_2_? It is not_3_to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their _4_. Many people learn English because it is_5_in their work.

23、 Some young people learn English_6_their higher studies because some of their books are_7_English. Other people learn English because they want to _8_newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to _9_ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very_10_in our life (生活). 1. A.

24、 all B. the other C. both D. other 2. A. English B. Chinese C. maths D. Japanese 3. A. hard B. easy C. good D. nice 4. A. books B. classes C. schools D. subjects (科目) 5. A. good B. useful (有用的) C. fine D. pleased 6. A. for B. of C. to D. from 7. A. in B. with C. at D. of 8. A. look B. see C. look at

25、 D. read 9. A. go B. work C. like D. come 10. A. help B. helping C. helps D. helpful Shirley Yeats is certainly a very brave woman! At the age of sixty-seven, she 1 to take a trip round the coast(海岸) of Malaysia. Everything was fine 2 one day, as she was going back to her room on the 3 , she saw smo

26、ke coming out of another room. She 4 the captain from her room at once and told him about the fire. Then she went up on deck(甲板) to see 5 she could do to help. The fire spread(蔓延) very quickly and soon 6 was completely out of control. The captain decided to get all the passengers out as 7 as possibl

27、e. 1. A. stopped B. used C. had D. decided 2. A. since B. after C. until D. before 3. A. way B. ship C. land D. road 4. A. phoned B. told C. asked D. ordered 5. A. if B. how C. what D. where 6. A. she B. he C. that D. it 7. A. quickly B. much C. well D. usually 答案解析A1. 选B。some.other(s).意思是一些另一些(泛指)；

28、 some.the other(s).意思是一些另一些(特指)。由语境可知，在学英语的学生中，除一部分是孩子外，剩余的是青年人(特指)。 2. 选A。根据上下文可知是English。 3. 选B。由文章容来看，人们学习英语的原因多种多样，因此回答为什么那么多人学习英语这个问题并不容易。 4. 选D。由常识可知，English是学生学习的科目(subject)之一。 5. 选B。根据前后文意可知许多人学习英语，那是因为English在他们的工作中很有用(useful)。 6. 选A。本题属于介词用法辨析。介词for在此可表示目的、原因。 7. 选A。in English是习惯搭配。 8. 选D。

29、读报英语习惯说readnewspapers。 9. 选B。根据语境及句子结构，有些人学习英语或想出国(go to a country)或想在这些国家工作(work in a country)。 10. 选D。末句点题，英语在我们生活中是很有帮助的(helpful)。 第三步： 复读检验 将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，如果语句通顺，语意清楚，便结束本题，转做其它试题。 B1.由上下文可知她决定去旅游，decided to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。 2.根据下文可知直到火灾发生的那一天情况一切正常。 3.从下文的captain, deck,可确定她是乘船去旅游。 4.由下文的

30、from her room可知她马上打将情况告诉了船长。 5.根据上下文可知她走上甲板去看看能不能帮忙做点儿什么。 6.由上文的The fire spread very quickly,可知大火无法控制了。 7. as quickly as意为“尽快地” 完型首字母练习（五区二摸）松江C. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文): (14分) Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another. It

31、is very 85 because it can help you make yourself easily understood. When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using 86 . For example, waving ones hand is to say Goodbye. Nodding the head means agreement, while shaking the head means disagreement. The gestures are accepted both by Chinese and foreigners as having the 87 meanings.Different 88 have different body language. For example, men in Russia, France and Arab countries kiss each other when they meet, but men in China or Australia sha