国际经济学作业第六章.docx

1、国际经济学作业第六章1Chapter 6 Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition,2and International Trade1Multiple Choice Questions1. External economies of scale arise when the cost per unit(a) rises as the industry grows larger.(b) falls as the industry grows larger rises as the average firm grows larger.(c) falls a

2、s the average firm grows larger.(d) remains constant.(e) None of the above.Answer: B2. Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unit(a) rises as the industry grows larger.(b) falls as the industry grows larger.(c) rises as the average firm grows larger.(d) falls as the average firm grows

3、larger.(e) None of the above.Answer: D3. External economies of scale(a) may be associated with a perfectly competitive industry.(b) cannot be associated with a perfectly competitive industry.(c) tends to result in one huge monopoly.(d) tends to result in large profits for each firm.(e) None of the a

4、bove.Answer: A4. Internal economies of scale(a) may be associated with a perfectly competitive industry.(b) cannot be associated with a perfectly competitive industry.(c) are associated only with sophisticated products such as aircraft.(d) cannot form the basis for international trade.(e) None of th

5、e above.Answer: B5. A monopolistic firm(a) can sell as much as it wants for any price it determines in the market.(b) cannot determine the price, which is determined by consumer demand.(c) will never sell a product whose demand is inelastic at the quantity sold.(d) cannot sell additional quantity un

6、less it raises the price on each unit.(e) None of the above.Answer: C6. Monopolistic competition is associated with(a) cut-throat price competition.(b) product differentiation.(c) explicit consideration at firm level of the feedback effects of other firms pricing decisions.(d) high profit margins.(e

7、) None of the above.Answer: B7. The most common market structure is(a) perfect competition.(b) monopolistic competition.(c) small-group oligopoly.(d) perfectly vertical integration.(e) None of the above.Answer: C8. Modeling trade in monopolistic industries is problematic because(a) there is no one g

8、enerally accepted model of oligopoly behavior.(b) there are no models of oligopoly behavior.(c) it is difficult to find an oligopoly in the real world.(d) collusion among oligopolists makes usable data rare.(e) None of the above.Answer: A9. Where there are economies of scale, the scale of production

9、 possible in a country is constrained by(a) the size of the country.(b) the size of the trading partners country.(c) the size of the domestic market.(d) the size of the domestic plus the foreign market.(e) None of the above.Answer: D10. Where there are economies of scale, an increase in the size of

10、the market will(a) increase the number of firms and raise the price per unit.(b) decrease the number of firms and raise the price per unit.(c) increase the number of firms and lower the price per unit.(d) decrease the number of firms and lower the price per unit.(e) None of the above.Answer: C11. Th

11、e simultaneous export and import of widgets by the United States is an example of(a) increasing returns to scale.(b) imperfect competition.(c) intra-industry trade.(d) inter-industry trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: C12. If output more than doubles when all inputs are doubled, production is said

12、to occur under conditions of(a) increasing returns to scale.(b) imperfect competition.(c) intra-industry trade.(d) inter-industry trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: A13. Intra-industry trade can be explained in part by(a) transportation costs within and between countries.(b) problems of data aggreg

13、ation and categorization.(c) increasing returns to scale.(d) All of the above.(e) None of the above.Answer: D14. If some industries exhibit internal (firm specific) increasing returns to scale in each country, we should not expect to see(a) intra-industry trade between countries.(b) perfect competit

14、ion in these industries.(c) inter-industry trade between countries.(d) high levels of specialization in both countries.(e) None of the above.Answer: B15. Intra-industry trade is most common in the trade patterns of(a) developing countries of Asia and Africa.(b) industrial countries of Western Europe

15、.(c) all countries.(d) North-South trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: B16. International trade based on scale economies is likely to be associated with(a) Ricardian comparative advantage.(b) comparative advantage associated with Heckscher-Ohlin factor-proportions.(c) comparative advantage based on

16、quality and service.(d) comparative advantage based on diminishing returns.(e) None of the above.Answer: E17. International trade based on external scale economies in both countries is likely to be carried outby a(a) relatively large number of price competing firms.(b) relatively small number of pri

17、ce competing firms.(c) relatively small number of competing oligopolists.(d) monopoly firms in each country/industry.(e) None of the above.Answer: A18. International trade based solely on internal scale economies in both countries is likely to be carried out by a(a) relatively large number of price

18、competing firms.(b) relatively small number of price competing firms.(c) relatively small number of competing oligopolists.(d) monopoly firms in each country/industry.(e) None of the above.Answer: D19. A monopoly firm engaged in international trade will(a) equate average to local costs.(b) equate ma

19、rginal costs with foreign marginal revenues.(c) equate marginal costs with the highest price the market will bear.(d) equate marginal costs with marginal revenues in both domestic and in foreign markets.(e) None of the above.Answer: D20. A monopoly firm will maximize profits by(a) charging the same

20、price in domestic and in foreign markets.(b) producing where the marginal revenue is higher in foreign markets.(c) producing where the marginal revenue is higher in the domestic market.(d) equating the marginal revenues in domestic and foreign markets.(e) None of the above.Answer: D21. A firm in mon

21、opolistic competition(a) earns positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.(b) earns positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.(c) earns zero economic profits because it is in perfectly or pure competition.(d) earns zero economic profits be

22、cause of free entry.(e) None of the above.Answer: D22. The larger the number of firms in a monopolistic competition situation,(a) the larger are that countrys exports.(b) the higher is the price charged.(c) the fewer varieties are sold.(d) the lower is the price charged.(e) None of the above.Answer:

23、 D23. The monopolistic competition model is one in which there is/are(a) a monopoly.(b) perfect competition.(c) economies of scale.(d) government intervention in the market.(e) None of the above.Answer: C24. In industries in which there are scale economies, the variety of goods that a country can pr

24、oduce is constrained by(a) the size of the labor force.(b) anti-trust legislation.(c) the size of the market.(d) the fixed cost.(e) None of the above.Answer: C25. An industry is characterized by scale economies, and exists in two countries. Should these two countries engage in trade such that the co

25、mbined market is supplied by one countrys industry, then(a) consumers in both countries would suffer higher prices and fewer varieties.(b) consumers in the importing country would suffer higher prices and fewer varieties.(c) consumers in the exporting country would suffer higher prices and fewer var

26、ieties.(d) consumers in both countries would enjoy fewer varieties available but lower prices.(e) None of the above.Answer: E26. An industry is characterized by scale economies and exists in two countries. In order for consumers of its products to enjoy both lower prices and more variety of choice,(

27、a) each countrys marginal cost must equal that of the other country.(b) the marginal cost of this industry must equal marginal revenue in the other.(c) the monopoly must lower prices in order to sell more.(d) the two countries must engage in international trade one with the other.(e) None of the abo

28、ve.Answer: D27. A product is produced in a monopolistically competitive industry with scale economies. If this industry exists in two countries, and these two countries engage in trade one with the other, then we would expect(a) the country in which the price of the product is lower will export the

29、product.(b) the country with a relative abundance of the factor of production in which production of the product is intensive will export this product.(c) each of the countries will export different varieties of the product to the other.(d) neither country will export this product since there is no

30、comparative advantage.(e) None of the above.Answer: C28. The reason why one country may export a product which is produced with positive scale economies is(a) its labor productivity will tend to be higher.(b) it enjoys a relative abundance of the factor intensely used in the products production.(c)

31、its demand is biased in favor of the product.(d) its demand is biased against the product.(e) None of the above.Answer: E29. Two countries engaged in trade in products with no scale economies, produced under conditions of perfect competition, are likely to be engaged in(a) monopolistic competition.(b) inter-industry trade.(c) intra-industry trade.(d) Heckscher-Ohlin trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: B30. Two countries engaged in trade in products with scale economies, produced under conditions of monopolistic competition, are likely to be engaged in(a)