题型简析7选5.docx

1、题型简析7选5题型简析在一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项(均为完整的句子)中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。试卷中题干表述如下：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和篇章结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。命题形式体现了新课标“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。【2015全国新课标I】Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that

2、we gain from past experiences.36Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been suffer from, lied

3、to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.37Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. 38Having confidence in yourself will help you make be

4、tter choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 39If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested o

5、r violated.You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.40Instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for pos

6、itive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their

7、attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.词数：267个（阅卷总词数为301个）体裁：议论文【Key：BEACG】本题侧重考查考生以下两方面的能力：（1）对上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握：Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.36Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful

8、 when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.根据行文逻辑，第36题应选择B项（It is putting confidence in someone.）。首先，it指代前文的trust；其次，选B项来说明后文的信息“Trust is a risk.”（信任是一种风险。）Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal.

9、 Whether weve been suffer from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.37Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.由第2段的信息“Unfortuna

10、tely, weve all been victims of betrayal. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.”推知，第37题应选择E项（Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.），来说明人们因他人的背叛而严重受伤，同时进一步说明了“信任是一种风险。”另外，选E项还有一个依据：“happen again”与后文的线索词“build trust again”相对应。You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust

11、 is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.40Instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.由第5段的信息“Instead, its

12、a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.”推知，第40题应选择G项（Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.），来说明“以积极的态度看待事物并不意味着你忽略了曾经发生过什么。相反，这么做是一种积极成长的健康的方式。”温馨提醒：此处（第40题）如果填入D项（Remember that you can expect the best in

13、return.）虽然与“积极的态度”有关，但不符后文的逻辑（Instead）。（2）对文章的整体内容和篇章结构的理解和掌握：38Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.39If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between be

14、ing a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated.由第2段最后一句的信息“we have some steps you can take to get you there.”得知，第3、4段的首句，即第38、39题分别应选择A、C项（Learn to really trust yourself./ Stop regarding yourself as the victim.），与第5段的首句（Yo

15、u didnt lose “everything”.）一起构成“重建人际关系中的信任的几个步骤（some steps）”。当然，A和C项在文章中都分别有相对应的线索词“Having confidence in yourself ”和“the victim of ”给予支撑。温馨提醒：根据空格的位置，结合“This knowledge”指代的用法，F项（This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.）有可能被填入第36、37和40题，但根据行文逻辑，第36和40题所指代的人称应分别是

16、we和you，而不是they (their)；而对于第37题，虽然可以用their指代前文的people，但没有说明清楚为什么cant trust anymore，而E项（Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.）则明确说明了原因：受伤太深。此外，E项中的“happen again”与后文的线索词“build trust again”相对应。这样，本题的多余选项是D和F项。 Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences

17、.36Trust is a risk Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.37Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.40Instead,

18、its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.解题步骤一、浏览全文，把握文脉这类文章通常分为若干小段落，各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行不同方面的描述。因此，解题时，应在有限的时间内，通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容；找出每段写作内容的关键词；明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。这样，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。Making good choice about your own health requires r

19、easonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to an

20、alyze information and the reliability of sources.71 【2014北京】本段基本上起到统领全篇的作用。第71题设在本段的结尾，接下来几段的段首是以祈使句的形式开始（Go to the original source. Watch for misleading language. Use your common sense.），且为建议。The following suggestions.正表明此点，因此本题选择G项（The following suggestions can help you sort through the health inf

21、ormation you receive from common sources.）。 75 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.【2014北京】第75题选A项“Make choices that are right for you. ”（做出适合自己的选择。），有三方面依据：（1）由本段的信息“but each of us needs to fin

22、d a healthy lifestyle that works for us”（但是我们每个人都必须找到适合自己的健康的生活方式）推知；（2）A项是祈使句，而且是一条建议，它符合本文的篇章结构：与前文三段段首的祈使句一起构成对健康有益的几条建议；（3）与本文的主题句“ Making good choice about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. ”相呼应。二、理清行文逻辑，关注句子之间连接性词语该题型侧重考查语篇的连贯性和一致性。因此，解题时，应特别关注行文逻辑，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把

23、握逻辑关系（如并列关系、递进关系、因果关系、转折关系、让步关系等）。Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to ” or “is associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.73Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand

24、it.【2014北京】 “某种原因未必产生某种结果”（this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result） “那会出现什么情况”（F：Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.） “出现这种情况时该怎么办”（Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.） 从语句间的意义关系分

25、析，选项F起到了承上启下的作用。当然，第73题选F项还有线索词information的支撑。The jobs of the future have not been invented.36By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.【2014全国新课标I】文章第一段由3个句子组成，是文章的中心。空格设在第二句，在本段内部起到承上启下的作用。承上：“所以（So）怎么办？”（D项：So how can we help our kids prepare

26、 for jobs that dont yet exist?）启下：通过（By）。Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what is goingoninsideourown head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.39“Why do you think she is crying?” “

27、Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”【2014全国新课标I】A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we cant forget science education.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids

28、 prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.从语句间的意义关系分析，选项F起到了承上（this）启下（ask que

29、stions）的作用。三、细读备选项，巧用与文章相对应的线索词解题时，应重点阅读备选项和文章空白处的上下文，圈定文章中的线索词，明确试题考查要素及能力指向，结合选项中的关键词，形成重要的选择依据。Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really report, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about

30、 the type of study. 72【2014北京】A. Make choices that are right for you. B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C. Be sure to work through the critical questions. D. And examine the findings of the original search. E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F. Be aware th

31、at information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view. G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources. “Go to the original source.”是段落中心，original是本句的关键词，可以作为本段的线索词。而纵观7个备选项，只有D项（original）与之相对应。Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 74