雅思小作文 写作总概.docx

1、雅思小作文 写作总概雅思写作 Task 1图表小作文 第一节 简 介 一 图表简介：图表分类： 图表通常分为两大类。一类是数据图，包括曲线图（graph/ line chart），柱状图（bar chart/ column chart），饼状图（pie chart）和表格（table）。另一类是示意图/流程图（diagram/flow chart）。目前在雅思考试中主要出现的是数据图。图表出题频率：最多柱状图，其次曲线图，再者饼状图，表格。图表大忌：切忌发表个人观点和看法，切忌照搬题目、切忌简单罗列数据、避免词汇重复写作注意事项：词汇语法：词汇准确多样，不能重复 those who work

2、in = people working in = the employee in 句子：结构不能太简单，一句话要同时写两个对象的特征。 逻辑：句子里，句子与句子之间，段与段之间都要使用表示对比，转折，相似的连词或副词。时态：第一句使用一般现在时，主体部分大多用一般过去式。二 图表作文审题审题包括审读题目要求或说明以及查看图表及其注解。题目的文字部分一般提供了有关这个图表的最基本信息，如所涉及的背景、研究的对象、时间和地点。对于图表部分，我们需要仔细考察，查看纵横轴等，找出值得描述的主要规律和特征、关键点( 最高，最低值，中间值、相似类的)、总体趋势（overall trends）和不规则变化（

3、irregularities 上升，下降，持平的）。第二节 常 用 基 本 句 式 开头段图表类型动词谓语三要素：研究的对象+时间+地点The chartgraphtablediagramshowsindicatesillustratesdescribesgivespresentsdepictsrevealsthe number / amount/ quantity/ percentage/ proportion ofinformation about data onthat figuresstatistics主体段一 描述信息出处According to the According to t

4、he number shown in the As is shown in the As can be seen from thepie charttable/chartdiagramgraph/line chartfigures+总概括句子 It can be seen from the We learn from theWe can see from theIt is clear/apparent from the that+总概括句子As theshowsindicatesillustratesdescribes that+总概括句子presentsdepictsreveals二动态变化

5、描写 1）上升/ 下降 （用变化动词）主语变化动词变化程度的副词时间段导入数据The number ofThe figure ofThe percentage ofThe proportion of 上升/增加increasedjumped rosegrewwent upclimbed soargentlysuddenlyrapidly / quicklydramaticallysignificantlysharply / steeplysteadily / stablysmoothlyconsistentlycontinuallygradually / slowlyslightlymaxim

6、ally minimally comparatively slowlyfrom to ,between and,for one month,for a period of ,over the next month,during the next month,over the period from .toover the 25-year period duringthe25-year period , with, at ( )bytofromto,falling/increasing from. to.,making up 20%.,accounting for 20%.,amounting

7、to 2000.,which falls/increase from.to,which is 20%.,which makes up 20%.,which constitutes 20%.,which account for 20%.或插入语下降/减少decreased declineddroppedfellreducedwent downslumpedsink上下波动fluctuatedvariedrise and fall（注：数据为估计数据时，需使用about, nearly, almostapproximately, over, up to, a bit over, around 等。

8、数据为准确值时，可用Precisely, exactly 等加强语气。）2）上升/ 下降 （用变化名词）句式变化程度的形容词变化的名词在哪方面变化时间段There was a suddenrapid / quick dramatic / significant sharp / steep marked consistent / continualsteady / stable gradual / slowsmall / slightincreasejumprisegrowthdecreasedrop / falldeclinereductionin the number of sthin th

9、e percentage ofin the profit of sthfrom to .between and for one month.for a period of one month.during the next monthduring the period fromtoduring the 25-year period fromtoover the next month.over the period fromtoover the period between andover the 5-year period between and.throughout the period i

10、n 1999= in the year 1999in the next two decades in around 1999by 1999=by the year 1999until 2004after/before 2004upward / downwardtendency 3）上升/ 下降 （五个变通句型）1 The percentage of increases sharply between and, going up from.to.2 There is a gradual increase in the number of .over the period of one month

11、. 3 The number/percentage shows an upward / downward trend from .to.4 A sharp increase can be found in the number/percentage of , from to5 The year of 1999 witnesses a steady fall in the amount of . 4）无变化 主语动词保持形容词导入数据时间The number of (sth)The percentage ofremainedmaintainedsteadystableat 30%between

12、(1980) and (2000).over the period between andover the 25-year period between and.during the 25-year period fromtofor one monthfor a period of one month. over/during the next month. did not change stayed the same/ unchangedmaintain the same level leveled out There was littlehardly anynochange in the

13、number of sth 二 静态数据描写1） 最高和最低A was the most popular/dominant/main + n , with + 数据+时间.= A + 动词/被动语态/serves as (is used as) the main n (+ 数据) +时间.= The largest quantity of n + 动词/被动语态 from A + 数据+时间.= The proportion of n in A, the highest of all, + 动词 + 数据+时间.=A+ 动词/被动语态 in the largest quantity, +数据+

14、时间.主语动词导入数据时间The monthly profitThe figuresThe situation The numberThe percentage Peaked 最高点at 20%in December.reached a peaka high pointbottomed out 最低点reachedthe bottoma low point 2）A比B 多/少A 动词/被动语态far/ muchmore/ less than slightly/marginally B The percentage of A is more/less than that of B. There

15、are more/less Athan B3）A和B相等比较的一方程度副词比较级+名词比较的另一方A has The percentage of A is A 动词/被动语态almostnearlyaboutapproximatelyas many (employees) asas much (space) asas high as B.the samenumberproportionamount of as B2）A是B的几分之几或几倍比较的一方程度副词量词比较的另一方A has The percentage of A is A 动词/被动语态almostnearlyaboutapproxi

16、matelyjust over exactlypreciselya/one quarter ofhalf ofa third of3 quarters of the (total) number of employees.a quarter halfquarterstwicethree timesas many(employees)as muchas B.3）A比B多几倍比较的一方程度副词量词比较级+比较的另一方A has The percentage of A is A 动词/被动语态almostnearlyaboutapproximatelyjust over exactlyprecise

17、ly twicethree timesfour timesmore (employees) than Bhigher/ larger than B三 导入数据介词短语1. The consumption of fish also decline but slightly to just below 50 grams.2. Lamb and chicken were eaten in the quantities of 5 grams.3. The consumption of fish decline by 50 grams.4. The units of electricity double

18、d, rising from 100 to 170 in USA and from 90 to 180 in France.5. Hydro continued to be another significant source, supplying/producing approximately 20%, at 25 units.6. In 1979，beef was by far the most popular of these food, with about 225 grams per person per week.7. The reminding units were produc

19、ed largely from oil and nuclear power ( 20 units and 25 units respectively), with hydro contributing 5 units. 括号8. The remainder was produced from natural gas, hydro power (each producing 25 units) and oil (which produce only 10 units).9. Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar quantities, while much

20、 less fish was consumed (just over 50grams.) 分词作状语10. The units of electricity doubled, rising from 100 to 170 in USA and from 90 to 180 in France.11. The greatest amount of water was consumed in the industrial sector, accounting for 70%.12. The largest quantity of water was used for agricultural pu

21、rpose, whereas hydro continued to be another significant source, supplying approximately 20%. 非限制性定语从句13. The units of electricity doubled, which rose from 100 to 170 in USA and from 90 to 180 in France.14. The greatest amount of water was consumed in the industrial sector, which account for 70%.四对象

22、描述变换方法1. Beef was the most popular of these foods. Beef was consumed as the most popular food. Beef were eaten in similar quantities of 5 grams. The consumption of beef fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively.2. American used coal as the main electricity source for 25%

23、.Coal was used as the most popular source. 3. The largest quantity of water was used for agricultural purpose.Water used in the industrial sector also increased, but the consumption was minimal until 1999.4. Nearly 80% students under 26 years old study for their career reason.There are only 10% of s

24、tudents studying out of interest.Those who study for career purpose is 4%. 5. 90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men.Men holding postgraduate diplomas clearly outnumbered than females.Men with postgraduate diplomas clearly outnumbered than females.6. Britain has spent most heavi

25、ly on the ranged of goods.Britains spending is considerable higher than that of other country. Germany is the lowest spender. 五开头段改写1. (7.1) The table below gives/shows information on consumer spending on different items in five different countries in 2002.= The table shows the expenditure on the co

26、nsumption of three items in 5 nations in 2002, namely, Turkey, Italy, London, New York and Tokyo.2. (7.2) The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meet in a European country between 1997 and 2004.= The line chart illustrates the changes in the amount of fish, beef, l

27、amb and chicken consumed in a particular Europe country over the 15-year period from 1997 to 2004.= The graph illustrates how the consumption of fish, beef, lamb and chicken changed in a particular Europe country over the 15-year period from 1997 to 2004.3. (7.3) The chart shows information about ch

28、anges in average house prices in five different cities between 1990 and 2002 compared with the average house prices in 1989.= The charts shows how the average prices in five different cities changed during the period between 1990 and 2002 in comparison to the average house prices in 1989.4. (6.1) Th

29、e graph and table gives information about water use worldwide and water consumption tin two different countries.= The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1990 and 2000 and the table compares the differences in agricultural consumption in two countries. 5. (3.3) The chart below shows the levels of participation in education and science in developing and industrial countries in 1980 and 1990.= The data compares the differences between developing and industrial countries participation in education and science. 第三节 高 分 句 式一 同时写两个对象的特征或变化1）平铺直叙法: 简单句（r