英语六级真题卷第三套含答案.docx

1、英语六级真题卷第三套含答案Part I WritingDirection：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.It seems to be a law in the

2、technology industry that leading companies eventually lose their position, often quickly and brutally. Mobile phone champion Nokia, one of Europes biggest technology success stories, was no _(37), losing its market share in just a few years.Part Reading ComprehensionIn 2007, Nokia accounted for more

3、 than 40% of mobile phone sales _(38). But consumers preferences were already _(39)toward touch-screen smartphone. With the introduction of Apples iPhone in the middle of that year, Nokias market share _(40)rapidly and revenue plunged. By the end of 2013, Nokia had sold its phone business to Microso

4、ft.What sealed Nokias fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his position as CEO, which he _(41)in October 2010. Each day that Elop spent in charge of Nokia, the companys market value declined by $23 million, making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history.But Elop was n

5、ot the only person at _(42). Nokias board resisted change, making it impossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Most _(43), Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokias transition from an industrial company to a technology giant, was too fascinated by the companys _(44)success to recog

6、nize the change that was needed to sustain its competitiveness.The company also embarked on a _(45)cost-cutting program, which included the elimination of thousands of jobs. This contributed to the _(46)of the companys once-spirited culture, which had motivated employees to take risks and make mirac

7、les. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokias sense of vision and direction with them. Not surprisingly, much of Nokias most valuable design and programming talent left as well.A.assumed B.bias C.desperate D.deterioration E.exception F.fault G.incidentally H.notablyI.previous J.relayedK.shifting

8、 L.shrank M.subtle N.transmitting O.worldwideSection BFirst-Generation College-Goers: Unprepared and BehindKids who are the first in their families to brave the world of higher education come on campus with little academic know-how and are much more likely than their peers to drop out before graduat

9、ion.A) When Nijay Williams entered college last fall as a fires-generation student and Jamaican immigrant, he was academically unprepared for the rigors of higher education. Like many first-generation student, he enrolled in a medium-sized state university many of his high school peers were also att

10、ending, received a Pell Grant, and board and the closeness of the school to his family, he chose to live at home and worded between 30 and 40 hours a week while taking a full class schedule.B) What Nijay didnt realize about his schoolTennessee State Universitywas its frighteningly low graduation rat

11、e: a mere 29 percent for its first-generation students. At the end of his first year, Nijay lost his Pell Grant of over $5,000 after narrowly missing the 2.0 GPA cut-off, making it impossible for him to continue paying for school.C) Nijay represents a large and growing group of Americans: first-gene

12、ration college students who enter school unprepared or behind. To make matters worse, these schools are ill-equipped to graduate these studentsyoung adults who face specific challenges and obstacles. They typically carry financial burdens that outweigh those of their peers, are more likely to work w

13、hile attending school, and often require significant academic remediation(补习).D) Matt Rubinoff directs Im First, a nonprofit organization launched last October to reach out to this specific population of students. He hopes to distribute this information and help prospective college-goers find the be

14、st post-secondary fit. And while Rubinoff believes there are a good number of four-year schools that truly care about these students and set aside significant resources and programs for them, he says that number isnt high enough.E) Its not only the selective and elite institutions that provide those

15、 opportunities for a small subset of this population, Rubinoff said, adding that a majority of first-generation under graduates tend toward options such as online programs, two-year colleges, and commuter stand schools. Unfortunately, there tends to be a lack of information and support to help stude

16、nts think bigger and broader.F) Despite this problem, many students are still drawn to these institutionsand two-year schools in particular. As a former high school teacher, I saw students choose familiar, cheaper options year after year. Instead of skipping out on higher education altogether, they

17、chose community colleges or state schools with low bars for admittance.G) They underestimate themselves when selecting a university, said Dave Jarrat, a marketing executive for Inside Track, a for-profit organization that specializes in coaching low-income students and supporting colleges in order t

18、o help students thrive. The reality of it is that a lot of low-income kids could be going to elite universities on a full ride scholarship and dont even realize it.H) Many students are coming from a situation where no one around them has the experience of successfully completing higher education, so

19、 they are coming in questioning themselves and their college worthiness, Jarrat continued. That helps explain why, as Im Firsts Rubinoff indicated, the schools to which these students end up resorting can end up being some of the poorest matches for them. The University of Tennessee and Tennessee St

20、ate are worth comparing. Tennessee States overall graduation rate is a tiny 39 percent, but at least it has a smaller gap between the outcomes for first-generation students and those of their peers.I) Still, the University of Tennessee deserves credit for being transparent. Many large institutions k

21、eep this kind of data secretor at least make it incredibly difficult to find. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, for instance, admits only that the graduation rate for its first-generation pupils is much lower than the percentage of all students who graduate within four years (81 perce

22、nt).J) It is actually quite difficult to find reliable statisties on the issue for many schools. Higher education institutions are, under federal law, required to report graduation rates, but these reports typically only include Pell recipient numbersnot necessarily rates specific to first-generatio

23、n students. Other initiatives fail to break down the data, too. Imagine how intimidating it can be for prospective students unfamiliar with the complexities of higher education to navigate this kind of information and then identify which schools are the best fit.K) It was this lack of information th

24、at prompted the launch of Im First in 2013, originally as an arm of its umbrella organization, the Center For Student Opportunity. If we can help to direct students to more of these types of campuses and help students to understand them to be realistic and accessible places, have them apply to these

25、 schools at greater frequency and ultimately get in and enroll, we are going to raise the success rate,Rubinoff said, citing a variety of colleges ranging from large state institutions to smaller private schools.L) Chelsea Jones, who now directs student programming at Im First, was a first-generatio

26、n college student at Howard. Like other student new to the intimidating higher-education world, she often struggled on her path to college. There wasnt really a college-bound culture at my high school, she said. I want to go to college but I didnt really know the process. Jones became involved with

27、a college-access program through Princeton University in high school. Now she attributes much of her understanding of college to that: But once I got to campus, it was a completely different ball game that no one really prepared me for.M) She was fortunate, though. Howard, a well-regarded historical

28、ly black college, had an array of resources for its first-generation students, including matching kids with counselors, connecting first-generation students to one another, and TRIO, a national program that supported 200 students on Howards campus. Still, Jones represents a small percentage of first

29、-generation students who are able to gain entry into more elite universities, which are often known for robust financial aid packages and remarkably high graduation rates for first-generation students. (Harvard, for example, boasts a six-year graduation rate for underrepresented minority groups of 9

30、8 percent.)N) Christian Vazquez, a first-generation Tale graduate, is another exception, his success story setting him far apart from students such as Nijay. There is a lot of support at Yale, to an extent, after a while, there is too much support. he said, half-joking about the countless resources

31、available at the school. Students are placed in small groups with counselors (trained seniors on campus); they have access to cultural and ethnic affinity(联系)groups, tutoring centers and also have a summer orientation specifically for first-generation students (the latter being one of the most commo

32、n programs for students).O) Our support structure was more like: You are going to get through Yale; you are going to do well. he said, hinting at mentors(导师),staff, and professors who all provided significant support for students who lacked confidence about belonging at such a top institution.46. Many first-generation college-goers have doubts about their abilities to get a college degree.47. First-generation college students tend to have much heavier financial bur