Book 8 Unit 1.docx

1、Book 8 Unit 1基础知识默写(学生用书295296页)1.means n.手段；方法mean v.意味着 adj.吝啬的meaning n.意思；意义2.majority n.大多数；大半major v.主修 n.专业 adj.主要的minority n.(反义词)少数；少数民族3.elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人election n.选举；当选；选举权4.percentage n.百分比；百分率percent n.百分比，百分数 adj.百分之的5.racial adj.人种的；种族的race n.种，种族；人种 vt.& vi.(和)比赛，(使)参加比赛6.cross

2、ing n.横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道7.applicant n.申请人apply v.应用；申请；请求application n.申请；应用8.occur vi.发生；出现occurrence n.出现；发生9.indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示indication n.指示；标明10.conductor n.(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥conduct vt.& vi.引导；带领；管理11.hire vt.& n.租用；雇用12.punishment n.处罚；惩罚punish v.处罚；惩罚13.civil adj.公民的；国内的；民间的14.reform vt.&

3、 vi.改革；革新 n.改革；改造；改良15.grasp vt.& n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会16.distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction n.差别；区分；卓著17.boom n.(人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi.处于经济迅速发展时期18.slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n.滑动；滑倒19.luggage n.行李20.hardship n.苦难；困苦21.apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的22.nowhere adv.无处；到处都无23.justice n.正义；公平24.mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛25.authority

4、 n.权威；权力；(pl.)当局；官方26.insert v.插入；嵌入27.live on继续存在；继续生存28.by means of.用办法；借助29.make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生30.keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)31.back to back背靠背32.team up with.与合作或一起工作33.mark out用线画出范围；标出界线34.take in包括；吸收；欺骗35.a great/good many许多；很多36.apply for申请；请示得到37.California is the third largest state i

5、n the USA but has the largest population.加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有最多的人口。38.However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，土著美国人很有可能在至少一万五千年前就在加利福尼亚生活了。39.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.那就是今天有超过

6、40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。40.By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.当1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。基础知识夯实.语境填词1.Despite all the hardships(困苦) and health problems，I love my job and I am thankful to

7、people for the love and respect they have showered on me.(2018河北衡水中学模拟)2.It was becoming increasingly apparent(明显的) that he could no longer look after himself.3.Helicopters are mainly used for military rather than civil(民间的) use.4.More efforts，as reported，will be made in the years ahead to accelerat

8、e the supply-side structural reform(改革).5.In the north of India，the population is booming(繁荣) due to high birth rates.(2017江苏)6.In other words，one culture may lean more toward justice(正义) and another culture more toward mercy.(2018湖南永州三模)7.Only a small percentage(百分比) of people are interested in pol

9、itics.8.He was one of the 30 applicants(apply) for the managers job.9.The food queues have become a daily occurrence(occur) across the country.10.Could you give me some indication(indicate) as to when I am likely to receive a reply?11.Many people think that the death penalty is too severe a punishme

10、nt(punish) for any crime.12.The government should do more to promote racial(race) equality.13.With the election(elect) of a new leader，the country became relatively stable.14.You must give way to any pedestrians on the crossing(cross).15.The majority(major) of children in our class have brown eyes；o

11、nly three have blue eyes.选词成篇It is reported that thousands of farmers go to cities to work every year.The majority of them can 1.team up with each other to 2.make a life in the cities，despite great hardships，and apparently，some even have 3.applied for the right to live in the city.They have made gre

12、at contributions to the boom of the cities 4.by means of working hard.In the history，the Chinese immigration into California dates back to the 1850s.5.A great many Chinese went to California to make a fortune.After their arrival，some of them suffered a lot，but they gradually 6.took in American Engli

13、sh.Most of them 7.kept up their Chinese customs，so the customs 8.live on in their new home.They did really make a great contribution to the development of America.完成句子1.It is quite likely that there are some planets like the earth，on which there might also be life.(likely)很有可能有一些像地球这样的行星上也存在生命。2.He

14、is addicted to computer games；thats why he has to drop out of school.(Thats why.)他迷恋电脑游戏， 那就是他必须辍学的原因。3.Thames River is the second longest and most important river in Britain.(最高级)泰晤士河是英国的第二长河，也是英国最重要的河。4.By the time he left school，he had learned English for six years.(by the time)到他离开学校为止，他已学了6年英语。

15、1.“惩罚；批评”相关动词一览(1)punish惩罚(2)scold批评(3)criticize批评(4)condemn谴责(5)blame责备；指责2.与“交通”有关的名词(1)crossing十字路口(2)pedestrian行人(3)terminal 终点站(4)vehicle 机动车(5)milestone里程碑(6)conductor 售票员3.on表“继续”构成的短语动词(1)live on继续存在(2)go on继续(3)keep on继续；反复(4)carry on继续(5)hold on坚持(6)move on继续前进 by means of用办法；借助by all mean

16、s尽一切方法；当然可以by no meansnot by any means绝不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)(1)So far，every possible means has been tried(try)，but none worked.(2)He got into the house by means of(借助于) an open window.句式升级(3)Ill forgive you this time，but you shall by no means make the mistake again.(改为倒装句)Ill forgive you this time

17、，but by no means shall you make the mistake again.易错点拨means表示“方式”“方法”“手段”时，单复数同形。表示做某事的方法，means后常接of doing sth.，一般不接不定式。 (1)in a/the majority占大多数a/the majority of大多数(2)major adj.主要的；主修的 n.主修科目，专业；主修某科目的学生，某专业的学生 vi.主修major in主修(1)A majority of Africans are(be) forced to work for the Europeans.(2)The

18、 majority of the land has been destroyed(destroy) so far.(3)Only a minority of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking the subway to work are in the/a majority(占多数).(4)The majority of them(他们中的大多数) take an online language test before starting their programme.(2016天津)(5)一句多译我在大学

19、里主修英语。Im an English major at university.(major n.)My major is English at university.(major n.)I major in English at university.(major v.)易错点拨(1)the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数；“the/a majority of名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致。(2)the majority of修饰的名词通常不带冠词，但若需特指也可带定冠词。 (1)sth.occurs/occurred to sb.某人突然想起

20、某事；某人发生某事It occurs/occurred to sb.that./to do.某人突然想起(2)occurrence n.出现；发生；事件(1)Sometimes even routine occurrences(occur) become sources of pre-anger，or anger itself.(2018北京)(2)It didnt occur to her to ask(ask) for help. (3)同义句改写When I got home，I suddenly remembered that I had left my book in the cla

21、ssroom.When I got home，it occurred to me that I had left my book in the classroom.联想发散表示“某人想起”的句式还有：sth.strikes/hits sb.，sb.hits/strikes on sth.，es to sb.，es into ones mind等。 come to life苏醒过来，恢复生气；变得更有趣；变得活跃come back to life苏醒过来；死而复生live/lead a.life过着的生活bring.back to life使苏醒过来；使复活根据语境用life短语的正确形式填空(

22、1)The doctor believes he can bring her back to life.(2)The operation should enable Bobby to live/lead a normal life.(3)They went to London and decided to make a life there. 写出下列句子中keep up的汉语意思(1)Many people keep up this old tradition.沿袭(2)The wet weather will keep up for three days.(天气)持续不变(3)The hi

23、gh cost of building materials keeps the house price up.使保持在高水平(4)They sang songs to keep their spirits up.使不低落 take off起飞；脱下；迅速流行；(事业等)步入正轨，腾飞take over接管；继承；支配take on呈现；雇用take up开始从事；继续；拿起；占据take down拿下；写下；记下写出下列句子中take in的汉语意思(1)Dont be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a wee

24、k.欺骗(2)Gazing up into his eyes，she seemed to take in all he said.领会，理解(3)He was homeless，so we took him in.收留(4)They will certainly need to take in plenty of liquid.吸收(5)Next time you take a walk，no matter where it is，take in all the sights，sounds and sensations.(2018天津)观看(6)The tour takes in six Eu

25、ropean capitals.包括，包含根据语境用上述短语的正确形式填空(7)At the age of 18，he took over his fathers company.As a chief manager，he took in a number of talents，which made his company take on a new look.At last，his career took off.18岁时，他接管了父亲的公司。作为总经理，他吸纳了大量人才，这使他的公司呈现出新的面貌。最终，他的事业步入正轨。California is the third largest st

26、ate in the USA but has the largest population.加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有最多的人口。(1)Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.开始交谈是结交新朋友的第二重要的步骤。(2)Asia is by far the largest continent in the world.亚洲是世界上最大的洲。By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal st

27、ate of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.当1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。(1)by the time从句，意为“当的时候”，如果主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明过去某个时候的状况，主句常用一般过去时。(2)by the time引导时间状语从句，意为“到时候为止”。by the time一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时。by the time一般现在时(表将来)，主句常用将来完成时。(1)By the time he was twelve，he had learn

28、ed(learn) mathematics all by himself.(2)By the time they get here，we will have finished(finish) the work.(3)By the time he went abroad，he was(be) fourteen.单句语法填空1.The government is made up of men and women elected(elect) by the people of the country.2.As far as Im concerned，there is no evidence indi

29、cating(indicate) that he is a qualified tutor.3.Mr Mat had been persuaded(persuade) to give up smoking in the office by the time he started his new job.4.One third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are(be) black people.5.It occurred to me that one shouldnt lose he

30、art when in trouble.6.With the tourist trade booming(boom)，the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature.7.Tom overslept this morning.This is why he was late for work.8.Apparently(apparent)，the little girl didnt take in what the teacher had said.9.Walking alone in

31、the dark，the boy whistled to keep up his courage.10.It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.单元知识运用写作素材(关于参观故宫)1.我们班的大多数同学原打算周日骑自行车去参观长城。2.我们忽然想到故宫博物院更吸引人，所以我们改变了想法。(it作形式主语)3.在路上我们相互合作携带行李。(不定式作目的状语)4.在入口处，我们推选汤姆去买票。5.正如它的宣传册上明确标明的那样，在故宫博物院中有许多有价值的收藏品。(定语从句)6.大家认为世界上没有任何一个地方能像故宫博物院那样给我们留下如此深刻的印象。(主语从句；so.as.)连句成篇根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文11.The