1、广东省廉江市实验学校届高三英语复习Day 8 阅读理解8说明文Day 8阅读理解(8)(说明文)Passage 1文体:说明文 词数:368 限时:7分钟Sixteen-year-old Karlos Dearmans future is looking much brighter than he might previously have imagined. “I love bikes, but Ive never thought Id end up with working with them,” he says. “This program has changed my life.”Ka
2、rlos is learning to refurbish(翻新) old bicycles in the workshop(车间) of ReCycle Bikes, an independent non-profit bike project in Sheffield. It provides training chances for young people aged 14 to 16 with the help of the local government, particularly those struggling in mainstream education or reject
3、ed from school. “Its about engaging young people with education and youth training by teaching them work and life skills,” explains Des Pearce, workshop training manager. “These young people have so much potential, but often dont realize it.”Founded in 2001, ReCycle Bikes repairs bicycles donated by
4、 the public, which are sold for 20 after refurbished. Abandoned bikes supplied by the government make sure a steady flow of bikes, but a recently formed partnership with Sheffield University should improve the further development.“The student population presents a large and ready market,” says Pearc
5、e. “So we approached the university last year and offered to host bike sales on the campus(校园). They thought it was a great idea, and agreed to provide us with more support. This means we can train young people to repair extra 500 bikes over three years.”Having set up ReCycle Bikes on his own, Pearc
6、e now has the staff and resources to track the profession development of those who have passed through his workshop. “But we are planning exit interviews with the young people to make sure what they plan to do, and these will allow us to check on their progress,” says Pearce. That most of the teenag
7、ers enjoy the work is, according to Pearce, easily explained. “Most kids have ridden a bike and know how to oil a chain or mend a flat tyre. As low-cost transport, cycling gives the young and old a sense of freedom and independence, and the effect on their well-being is big. Add that to a growing co
8、ncern for the environment, and its no surprise that bike sales are on the increase.”1.From the passage, we know ReCycle Bikes _. A.is a popular brand of bikesB.provides training chances for young peopleC.is a training project offered by the governmentD.aims at making money by selling refurbished bic
9、ycles2.How did ReCycle Bikes run at the beginning?A.By working together with Sheffield University. B.By selling bicycles supplied by the government. C.By getting money from teenagers aged between 14 and 16. D.By repairing bicycles donated by the public and selling them. 3.ReCycle Bikes has formed a
10、partnership with Sheffield University because _. A.students at Sheffield University can be their potential customersB.Sheffield University donates a lot of money to ReCycle BikesC.teenagers at ReCycle Bikes can study at Sheffield UniversityD.Sheffield University offers to host bike sales on the camp
11、us4.According to Pearce, why do most of the teenagers enjoy the work?A.Theyd like to change their lives. B.They want to learn how to repair bikes. C.They dont have enough money to buy cars. D.They are familiar with bikes and interested in them. Passage 2文体:说明文 词数:332 限时:7分钟As the saying goes, man st
12、ruggles upward; water flows downward. Water runs downhill from mountaintops to streams, rivers, and oceans. But it isnt the only way that water moves. A new study measures how water travels from country to country for human consumption. This flow isnt the type we usually think about. These scientist
13、s looked at the water used to grow and make the products which get shipped from nation to nation as imports or exports. They call this a flow of “virtual water(虚拟水)”. We typically think about water as the liquid that flows from a tap. However, 92of the water used by people goes into growing crops, a
14、ccording to water researcher Arjen Hoekstra. He recently studied the hidden travels of virtual water used in products made from things like crops and meats. These products are shipped around the world. For example, consider a sugary soft drink. Hoekstra estimated that to produce one half-liter of th
15、e drink requires between 170 and 310 liters of the waterabout 95 is used to grow and process the ingredients(原料). Another 4goes into the packaging and labeling. In Hoekstras calculation, when one country produces a half-liter of soda and sells it abroad, the virtual water it exports would fill a lar
16、ge refrigerator. According to Hoekstras new report, dry countries like Israel and Kuwait, both in the Middle East, get the majority of their virtual water from other countries, through imported products. More surprisingly, some wetter countries, like the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, also get
17、the majority of their virtual water from other places. That means that most of the water used to grow or produce the products and food consumed in those countries came from other countries. In the United States most of the virtual water used comes from American sources. In China even less of the wat
18、er is associated with its products. 1.The example of a sugary soft drink in Paragraph 3 is given to show _. A.how drinks are shippedB.how virtual water is exportedC.how virtual water is usedD.how drinks are made2.In which countries does most part of virtual water come from outside?A.Kuwait and the N
19、etherlands. B.China and the United Kingdom. C.America and the Netherlands. D.Israel and America. 3.What is the best title for the passage?A.Crops and Virtual WaterB.Waters Worldwide TravelsC.Benefits of Virtual WaterD.Import and Export of Water4.The passage is most probably from a _. A.science news
20、reportB.science fiction storyC.newspaper advertisementD.book reviewPassage 3文体:说明文 词数:356 限时:7分钟Cooking programs and classes for children seem to positively influence childrens food preferences and behaviors, according to a recent review. And, although the review didnt look at long-term effects of s
21、uch programs, the findings suggest that such programs might help children develop long-lasting healthy habits. This research comes at a time when childhood obesity(肥胖) rates have been rising rapidly. More than one-third of adolescents in the United States were obese in 2012, according to the U.S. Ce
22、nters for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC). This trend has been caused, at least in part, by a significant decrease in the amount of meals that people consume at home since the 1980s, according to background information in the study. Cooking education programs, such as Food Explorers, teach child
23、ren about new healthy foods and how to prepare them. They also stress the importance of eating five fruits and vegetables every day. A volunteer parent explains a new food to the group, and the kids make something based on the lesson, such as fruit or vegetable salad. Depending on the program, kids
24、may be sent home with information about healthy foods to bring to their parents, the review explained. The study team reviewed eight other studies that tested different types of cooking education programs. Children in these classes were between 5 and 12 years old, according to the review. The goal o
25、f the study team was to learn more about developing an efficient program to encourage healthy food choices that last a lifetime. The study found that it is particularly important to expose kids to healthy foods on a number of occasions. This makes them feel comfortable with the new foods, which help
26、s them build healthy habits. The study stressed the importance of getting parents involved in their childrens eating habits. Parents who are unable to enroll their kids in a cooking class can achieve similar benefits by having their kids help them while they prepare meals at home. Children are more
27、comfortable at home, which makes them more receptive to new foods because they will make the connection to a positive experience. 1.What can we infer from the second paragraph?A.Eating out frequently causes obesity. B.Childhood obesity is totally caused by eating habit. C.Childhood obesity rates hav
28、e been rising rapidly since 2012D.Food consumption has decreased significantly since the 1980s. 2.On cooking education programs, _. A.children learn how to prepare foods from their parentsB.children will learn how to cook in the company of their parentsC.children may learn information unknown to the
29、ir parentsD.children focus more on cooking skills than on information about healthy foods3.Which of the following categories does this passage belong to?A.Education Systems. B.Science and Technology. C.Parent-child Relationship. D.Public Health Research. 4.The purpose of the passage is _. A.to infor
30、m the readerB.to entertain the readerC.to discuss with the readerD.to warn the reader答 案 及 解 析Passage 1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 ReCycle Bikes 机构以及它给予青少年的帮助。1.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 It provides training chances for young people aged 14 to 16可知,ReCycle Bikes 为14到16岁的年轻人提供培训机会。故选B项。2.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 Fou
31、nded in 2001,ReCycle Bikes repairs bicycles donated by the public,which are sold for 20 after refurbished.可知,ReCycle Bikes 最初是通过修理公众捐赠的旧自行车,翻新后卖出获得运营经费的。故选D项。3.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段第一句中 The student population presents a large and ready market可知,大学生群体是一个很大的潜在消费市场。由此可推断 ReCycle Bikes 与谢菲尔德大学合作的目的是在校园出售价格优
32、惠的自行车。故选A项。4.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,大部分孩子都骑过自行车,而且知道怎么给车链子上油以及怎么打气,且骑自行车可以给人独立自由的感觉。由此可推断青少年喜欢这份工作是因为他们熟悉自行车而且对自行车感兴趣。Passage 2【语篇导读】本文是一篇科学小品文。地球上除了自然界中存在的流动水之外,农作物、肉类、软饮料等所用的虚拟水也占据着“流转中的水”的较大部分。本文主要介绍了地球上的虚拟水及其在全世界的流通。1.C 【解析】推理判断题。文章第三段中结合含糖软饮料的实例,说明虚拟水是如何消耗用水的。2.A 【解析】细节理解题。从第四段的介绍可知,科威特、以色列、荷兰与英国的虚拟水大部分依靠从其他国家进口。3.B 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第四句 A new study measures how water travels from country to country for human consumption
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