人教版高中英语必修2U2The Olympic Games单元知识梳理.docx

1、人教版高中英语必修2U2 The Olympic Games单元知识梳理高中英语必修二知识点-Unit 2 The Olympic GamesStep 知识梳理1.基础梳理ancient compete medal Greece magical homeland volunteer regular basis athlete solve admit nowadays host responsibility replace motto swift change physical poster honor bargain hopeless foolish pain deserve stand fo

2、r a set ofpromise to do sth pick up2.词语归纳1）honest（指人）诚实的，老实的，正直的。（陈述）坦白的，真诚的，直率的。（指工资等）以正当手段取得的。to be honest（about it/with you）说实话，老实说。2）competecompete in 参加比赛compete with sb for sth/against 与某人竞争某物compete for 为而竞争3）host作名词，表示“待客人的主人，节目男主持人”，若表示女主持人，要用hotess。作动词，表示“主持或者是主办（某活动），（作为主人）招待或者是款待”。a host

3、 of/hosts of 大量，许多4）interview作动词，表示“面谈，面试，采访，会见”。作名词，表示“会晤，面谈，采访，面试”。5)admit表示“容许，承受，容纳，接纳”。，可以接名词，动名词，不可以接不定式。admit of留有余地，有可能admit to（doing）sth承认/招认做了某事6）replace表示“代替”，相当于take the place ofreplacewith用代替replace还可以表示“将某物归还某处”。7）prize作可数名词，表示“奖品，奖赏”。也可以表示“宝贵的东西或者是人”。prize也可以作动词，表示“珍视”。8）root表示“根，根源，症

4、结所在”。at（the）root实质上，本质上 get at the root of 从根本上解决root and branch彻底，完全9）relate表示“叙述，详述”。relate to 涉及，跟有关，与相好。relate to/with把与联系起来。10）sail表示“航行”。sail for与sail to后接某个地方，但sail for是朝目的地航行；sail to则指航行到目的地。plain/smooth sailing 一帆风顺，轻而易举sail through 一蹴而就，容易完成sail in the same boat情况（处境）相同11）advertise表示“做广告”。

5、advertise for登征求的广告。12）promise作动词，表示“答应，允诺”，多为及物动词，后接名词，代词，不定式或者从句。作名词，表示“答应，诺言”，常与make，give，claim，keep，carry out，break，fulfill，offer，withdraw等动词连用。under a promise of 在承诺下。作不可数名词，表示“（有）希望，（有）前途”。常与should，hold搭配连用。13）hold表示“召开，举行（会议等）”。表示“抓住”。表示“容纳，盛，装”，不用于进行时，也不用于被动结构。表示“承接，支撑”。表示“使保持某种状态”，常在宾语后接介词短

6、语，形容词或者分词。表示该宾语的位置，姿态或状态等。表示“认为，相信，持某种观点”。在电话交谈中，常说Hold on，please！意为“别挂断”；hold ones tongue意为“住嘴”，（常用于祈使句）。14）every和表示数量的词连用every可以与表示数量的词连用，表示时间或空间。every后接few，但不能接a few，也不能接some，several，many等次，接序数词时，修饰单数可数名词。every可与other+单数可数名词连用，表示“每隔一”。3.语法一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时被动语态的定义和构成定义：被动语态，即不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者的一种语态。例如

7、中文常说：我被他打，这就是一种被动。构成：一般将来时被动语态由“shall（will）+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。1）主语+谓语+宾语2）主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语含有双宾语的主动语态，在变为被动语态时可将其中的一个宾语改为主语，另一个不变。习惯上把间接宾语变为主动语态的主语。3）主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语注意：含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时，将其中的宾语变为主语，宾补不变。使用被动语态注意的问题1）否定词not的位置在第一个助动词之后若句中有情态动词，把not放在情态动词后面。2）被动句中的by sb/with sth被动句中，动作的执行者一般不表示；如需表示，则用by sb，

8、而with sth，短语表示“用某种材料”。有时同一个句子短语不懂，含义不同。3）不能用于被动语态的动词系动词不能用于被动语态。have无论表示“有”还是其他意思，都没有被动语态。表示状态的词没有被动语态。当及物动词leave，enter，reach等的宾语表示地点，处所或者组织的名词时，不能用于被动语态。当动词和宾语已经构成一个不可分割的短语是没有被动语态。有些动词意思上是被动，但形式上时主动，其主语是物，这些动词常见的有wash，write，sell，read，wear，shut，lock等。Step 重点研讨研讨一：重点单词1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入；接纳，接

9、受某人（入院入学等）；承认，招认【典例】 1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因轻度烧伤而入院。3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。4). No one but ticket-holders was admitted into the park. 只有持票者准许进入公园【重点用法】 admit （doing）sth. _ admi

10、t that +从句 _admit sb. to/ into sp. _be admitted as _【练习】中译英 1). 他承认偷了那辆汽车。 _2）他作为乒乓球队员被接受。 He _ a member of a table tennis team. 2. charge n. 费用；v. 指控；收费【典例】 1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货。2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯谋杀罪。【重点用法】（词语辨析）in/under the charge of _ (主语是_ of 后跟_

11、)in charge of_ (主语是_ of 后跟_) charge用作名词时，有以下用法：(1) 表示“收费”，是可数名词，通常用复数形式。(2) 表示“负责、主管”，通常为不可数名词。另外，需要注意in charge of与in the charge of的用法区别。 charge用作动词时，有以下用法：(1) 表示“收费”，可以是及物或不及物动词。其常见搭配为：charge (sb. money) for sth.(2) 表示“控告”，是及物动词。其常见搭配为：charge sb. with sth.【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). He is _ the school

12、. 2). The school is _ him.3. promise v. & n. 允诺；答应【典例】 1). I told him the truth under a promise of secrecy. 我在他答应保守秘密后把真相告诉了他。2). She promised me (that) she would be punctual. 她向我保证一定准时。【重点用法】promise to do sth._ promise sb. sth._promise +that 从句 答应 make a promise_keep a promise_ carry out a promise_

13、break a promise_【练习】 中译英1). 我得让你遵守诺言。 _2). 我不能保证做到, 但我一定尽力而为。_5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得【典例】 1). The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。 2). They deserve to be sent to prison. 他们应该入狱。【重点用法】 deserve doing = deserve to be done_【练习】 中译英 1). 她积极努力, 应得到奖赏。_2). 如果你做错事就应受到惩罚。_研讨二：重点短语1. take part

14、in _【典例】1). How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games? 有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会?2). Are you going to take part in the first experiment? 你们会参与首次实验吗?【短语归纳】 take ones part(在辩论中)支持某人；站在某边have a part to play能帮助；能在中发挥作用haveplay a part(in sth)参与某事 for the most part多半；通常【练习】中译英1). 他母亲总是护着他。 _2). 她积极参与地方政

15、治活动。_【辨析】 join：指加入某个组织或团体，成为其成员之一。如参军、入团、入党等。 join in：指参加某种活动，其后常跟表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或V-ing。 take part in：侧重参加某项群众性、集体性的事业、工作或活动，突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用，如运动、战争等。 attend：指参加或出席会议、仪式、婚礼或学术活动等，比较正式，而且不强调参加者在其中所起的作用。1. He _ the local club as he needed their support. 2. Some of her friends were invited to _ her wed

16、ding last week. 3. Do you know how many countries _ the World Cup in 2006? 4. They all _ singing the song while that singer was waving her hand.2. stand for _【典例】1). The sign X stands for an unknown number. 符号X表示一个未知数。2). My mother stands for the kind treatment of all children.我妈妈主张对待一切孩子都要慈爱。【短语归纳】

17、stand by_ stand by sb_stand out(fromas)_ stand up_【练习】中译英 无论发生什么事情，我都支持你。_3. used to _【辨析】used to, would这两个词语都可以表示过去常做某事，有时可以换用。但used to do强调过去习惯性的行为或状态，但是现在没有这种行为或状态了。因此，这个短语的内涵是今昔对比。There used to be only low and dirty houses in our village.【短语归纳】get/be used to sth./doing sth._ be used to do sth._【

18、练习】选择正确的答案1). Jack is used to _ to school, but today he came by bus.A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked 2). Wood _ paper and other things.A. is used to make B. is used to making C. used to make D. used to making4. one after another/the other _【典例】 1). Please line up one after another. 请按顺序排队。2). W

19、e achieved one victory after another. 我们取得了一个又一个的胜利。 【短语归纳】 one by one_ one anothereach other_研讨三： 重点句子 1. How often do you hold your Games? 你们奥运会多久举行一次？【解释】How often 问某事发生的频率。常用的答语有：every two days, once a week, at times等How soon问某事在多少时间以内会完成。常用in/within短语回答-How soon will my dress be ready? -In a we

20、ek. 我的连衣裙要多久准备好？-一周。How long问某动作或某状态持续多久多长时间。常用for短语回答，for可省略。-How long did you stay there? -Only two days. 你在那呆了多久？-只是两天。【练习】中译英 1). 你多久去游泳一次? _2). 你等了多久了? _2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women. 没有别的国家能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。【解释】 “neithernor + be动词助动词情态动词+主语”意为“也不”，承接前面的否定句，用倒装语序。如

21、：I cant afford a new car, neither/nor can he. 我买不起新车，他也是。“so+ be动词助动词情态动词+主语”意为“也”，承接前面的肯定句，用倒装语序。如： He is tired and so are you. 他累了, 我们也累了。【练习】中译英1). 如果你们今晚去看电影，我也去。_2). 我以前没去过上海, 我妹妹也没去过。_Step 巩固训练一、选择填空1. Father is too busy to have any entertainments. If he _me to go to the concert, I will be ver

22、y glad. A. suggests B. advises C. promises D. agrees2. He wanted to _ the National Team to compete in the Summer Olympic Games for his country but he was disappointed that he failed at the qualifying stage. A. attend B. take part in C. join C. join in 3. Admitting _ wrong should not be the reason fo

23、r our not admitting those who want to join the League _ the organization. A. to have done; to B. having done; for C. doing; to D. to do; for 4. The Chairman of the National Table Tennis Committee is _ the gold medal, the silver medal and the bronze medal to the winners of the game _. A. giving; one

24、by one B. presenting; one after another C. presenting; one by one D. giving; one after another 5. These flowers should not be watered too _, once _. A. long; every other day B. often; every fourth day C. soon; every two days C. frequently; each five days 6. It worries the parents a lot that their on

25、ly daughter doesnt study hard as she _and is not so active as she _. A. used to; used to B. would; would C. used to; used to be D. used to study; used to be 7. The manager as well as his whole team _ determined to do the work as_ as they can and promises to get it completed in time . A. are; well B.

26、 is; well C. are; good D. is; good 8. Work hard or you will _by someone else. A. be replaced B. be taken the place of C. be instead of D. be removed 9. -What can I do for you, sir? -Id like to see the manager _ of sales department. A. in the charge B. under charge C. is in charge D. in charge 10. -H

27、ow much did you spend on such a nice jacket? -About 5 dollars. -What a _! I thought it would cost 20. A. price B. buy C. bargain D. cheat 11. -Have you moved into your new house? -No, the rooms _. A. have been painted B. are painted C. are painting D. are being painted12. - How long have they _? - T

28、hey _ more than twenty years ago. A. been married; got married B. married; marriedC. got married; were married D. got married; got married13. Her mother_ having read the letter.A. thought B. considered C. admitted D. advised14. The sports meet will be _ till next week because of the bad weather. A. put