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英语语法专题二十反义疑问句.docx

1、英语语法专题二十反义疑问句英语语法专题(二十) 反意疑问句考点诠释考点1考查反意疑问句的主谓一致陈述句如果是there be . 句型,则反意疑问句部份要用. there形式(而不用it或they)以与前面的陈述句保持一致1、Theres not much news in todays paper, _? (1981全国)A. isnt it B. are there C. is there D. arent there【解析】选C。there be句型,排除A选项,消息不可数,确定系动词为is。2、There was a loud scream from the backstage imme

2、diately after the concert ended, _? (2005上海)A. wasnt there B. was there C. didnt it D. did it【解析】选A。there be句型,前面肯定,后面否定。陈述句的主语如果是this,that,不定式短语、名词、名词短语、动名词短语或从句,则反意疑问句中的主语要用it;陈述句的主语是these,those时,反意疑问句的主语用they。3、Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal,_? (200

3、4上海)A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt he D. is he【解析】选 A。句中的主语是Bills aim,应选择isnt it与此对应。陈述句的主语如果是everyone (everybody), someone(somebody), anyone (anybody), no one, nobody, 则反意疑问句通常使用they。4、I dont suppose anyone will volunteer, _?(2001上海)A. do I B. dont I C. will they D. wont they【解析】选C。句中的主语是anyone并且考虑否定转

4、移,则选择will they与此对应。陈述部分以lets开头表示建议或请求,反意疑问句部分用shall we;当陈述部分以let us(me)开头,其含义是allow us / me to do something,即不包括听话人在内,反意疑问句部分用will you。5、Its a fine day. Lets go fishing,_ ?(1990全国)A. wont we B. will we C. dont we D. shall we【解析】选D。陈述部分以lets开头表示建议或请求,反意疑问句部分用shall we。6、We forgot to bring out tickets,

5、 but please let us enter, _ ?(2006全国)A. do you B. can we C. will you D. shall we【解析】选 C。当陈述部分以let us开头,即不包括听话人在内,反意疑问句部分用will you。7、If you want helpmoney or anything, let me know,_ you? (2003上海春)A. dont B. will C. shall D. do【解析】选B. 当陈述部分以let me开头,反意疑问句部分用will you。考点2考查否定转移句的反意疑问句在主句中如果含有 think, sup

6、pose, expect, believe, imagine, fancy等动词,并且后面接宾语从句构成复合句时,其反意疑问句有两种不同的构成方式。当主句的主语为第一人称时,其反意疑问句部分的主语与宾语从句保持一致(这时应特别注意否定转移)。8、Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus,_ ? (2006福建)A. hadnt you B. wouldnt you C. arent I D. didnt she【解析】选B. 主语为第一人称,反义疑问句部分主语与宾语从句保持一致,前面肯定,后面否定。9、I dont suppose anyone

7、 will volunteer,_? (2001上海)A. do I B. dont I C. will they D. wont they【解析】选C. 主语为第一人称,反义疑问句部分主语与宾语从句保持一致,否定转移,后面用肯定。当主句的主语为第二、第三人称时,其后面的反意疑问句则应与主句的主语一致。10、Mrs. Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a digital camera,_ ? (2002上海)A. is he B. isnt he C. doesnt she D. does she【解析】选D. 主语为第三人称,反义疑

8、问句部分主语与主句保持一致,前面否定,后面肯定。考点3 考查反意疑问句的助动词反意疑问句是由助动词和代词构成。使用助动词的一般原则是:使用陈述句中的助动词或连系动词be。 如果陈述句中没有助动词,则应添加一个助动词do(does, did)。11、Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday,_ she? (2006广东)A. had B. did C. hadnt D. didnt【解析】选 D。 had为实义动词,借助助动词do,又因为the day before yesterday为过去时,因此选择didn

9、t。12、His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, _ she?(1994上海) A. did B. had C. didnt D. hadnt【解析】选 C。分析同上。13、You had one of your teeth pulled out yesterday,_?(2004上海) A. had you B. hadnt you C. did you D. didnt you【解析】选 D。此题考查have的反意疑问句。 have作实义动词,have something done意为“请某人做某事”,因此要借助助动词do。

10、陈述句中谓语动词是must have done时,如果强调对过去情况的推测(句中有过去的时间状语),反意疑问句根据动词用 didnt / wasnt / werent +主语。陈述句中谓语动词是must have done时,如果只强调动作的完成,反意疑问句用havent / hasnt +主语。14、There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, _?(2004上海春)A. didnt they B. dont they C. mustnt they D. havent they【解析】选 D。句

11、中谓语动词must have gone强调动作的完成,反意疑问句用havent + 主语。考点4 考查含否定副词陈述句的反意疑问句陈述部分含有little,few,never,hardly,seldom等否定意义的副词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式。15、She never tells a lie, _ ? (1984全国)A. does she B. doesnt she C. does not she D. isnt it【解析】选A。陈述部分出现否定副词never表否定,疑问句部分用肯定形式。考点 5考查祈使句的反意疑问句祈使句为肯定句时,反意疑问句可使用will you / wont you

12、, can you / cant you;祈使句为否定句时,反意疑问句用will you / can you。16、 Alice, you feed the bird today,_? But I fed it yesterday. (1999全国)A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you【解析】选B。祈使句为肯定句,故选择will you。17、Be sure to write to us,_? (1993全国)A. will you B. wont you C. can you D. mustnt you【解析】选18、When youv

13、e finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf,_? (2007北京)A. do you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you【解析】选C。祈使句为否定句,反义疑问句用will you。考点6考查反意疑问句的回答对反意疑问句的回答,应依照事实回答。如果事实是肯定的,就用yes回答;如果事实是否定的,就用no回答。当陈述部分为肯定句,疑问部分为否定句时,其回答yes或no与汉语基本一致;但当陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这时

14、省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。19、 Write to me when you get home. I _.(2001全国)A. must B. should C. will D. can【解析】选C。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?回答部分则用(Yes) I will. 或(No) I wont.。20、Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. _ . (1994全国)A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent【解析】选B。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?,回答部

15、分则用(No) I wont,表示“是的,我不会忘记的”。21、Mr. Gordan asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Dont you forget it!Ok, I _ . (2006重庆)A. wont B. dont C. will D. do【解析】选A。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?,回答部分则用(No) I wont,表示“是的,我不会的”。知识梳理 反意疑问句句子按结构来分,可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句按不同交际功能可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句四种。按提出问题的方式,疑问句可分为:

16、一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句和反意疑问句。*一、反意疑问句的结构形式反意疑问句提出情况或看法,问对方同不同意,这种问句都由两部分组成,前一部分用陈述句的形式,后一部分是一个附着在前一部分上的简短问句,中间用逗号隔开,如前一部分为肯定形式,后一部分通常用否定形式,前一部分为否定形式,后一部分就用肯定形式,两部分的时态要一致。基本构成形式是:陈述句+动词(肯定或否定)+主语?如:You are to go home via Hongkong, arent you?你准备经香港回国,对吧?(肯定的陈述句+否定的反意疑问句)They didnt raise many questions at t

17、he press conference, did they?他们在记者招待会上没提出很多问题,是吧?(否定的陈述句+肯定的反意疑问句)You wont be away for long, will you?你不会离开太久,是吧?(否定的陈述句+肯定的反意疑问句)You have already got our invitation, havent you?你们已收到了我们的请贴,是吧?(肯定的陈述句+否定的反意疑问句)使用反意疑问句的规则:(一)反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:肯定+否定? 否定+肯定?如:You cant do it, can you?

18、 They are very late for the meeting, arent they? (二)反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如:He has supper at home every day, doesnt he? (不能用hasnt he?)They have known the matter, havent they? (不能用dont they?)(三)反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如:They will go to town soon, wont they?(不能用dont they?或 arent they?)He w

19、orks very hard, doesnt he?(不能用didnt he?或wont he?)二、反意疑问句的答语在回答反意疑问句时,应根据事实来回答,如果事实是肯定的,前面要用yes,否则用no, 在第一部分为否定句时要特别注意,这时英语回答和汉语回答是不一致的。如:-You are not going out today, are you?-No, I am not.-你今天不出去,是吗?-是的,我今天不出去。(“不出去”属于否定的事实,所以在英语中应用“no”来表示此义,不要用 “yes”来回答。)-You are not going out today, are you?-Yes,

20、 I am.-你今天不出去,是吗?-不,我出去。(“出去”属于肯定的事实,所以在英语中应用“yes”来表示此义,不要用 “no”来回答。)三、构成反意疑问句时应注意的问题当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody等不定代词时,反意疑问句部分中的主语常用they (有时也可用he.) 如:Nobody phoned while I was out, did they?我出去的时候没人打电话,是吧? Everyone has been there, havent they?每个人都去过那里,是吗?Somebody

21、borrowed my pen yesterday, didnt they?昨天有人借了我的钢笔,是吧?No one was hurt, was he?没人受伤,是吧? 当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, nothing, something等表物的不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语常用it.如: Everything has been done on how to prevent the pollution, hasnt it?关于如何预防污染已采取了一切措施,是吗?Nothing is wrong with the machine, is it?这台机器没出什么毛病,

22、是吧?Nothing can stop us now, can it?任何事情都无法阻止我们,是吧? 当陈述部分的主语是one时,反意疑问部分的主语常用one或you。如: One cant be too careful, can one/ you?一个人越认真越好,是吧?One should study hard, shouldnt one/ you?一个人应当认真学习,是吗? 当陈述部分的主语是man(人类)时,反意疑问部分的主语常用he。如:Man is the master of his own fate, isnt he?人类是自己命运的主宰,是吗? 当陈述部分是there be结构

23、时, 反意疑问部分用there,省略主语代词。如:There is something wrong with the machine, is there?机器出了毛病了,是吗?There wont be any trouble, will there?不会有任何麻烦,是吗?There used to be a shop, didnt there? 当陈述部分含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时,反意疑问部分的动词应用肯定形式。如: She seldom goes to the cinem

24、a, does she?她很少去看电影,是吗? Few people know him, do they?没几个人认识他,是吗? Bob rarely got drunk, did he?鲍勃很少喝醉,是吗? He has never been to London, has he?他从没去过伦敦,是吗? They can hardly understand it, can they?他们几乎不能理解,是吗? You have nothing else to say, have you?你没有什么可说的了,是吧? 当陈述部分中含有im, in, dis, un等否定前缀或less等否定后缀时,应

25、把陈述部分看成是肯定的,反意疑问部分要用否定式。如: He was unsuccessful, wasnt he?他没成功,是吗? This meeting is unimportant, isnt it?这次会议不重要,是吗? Your mother dislikes seeing you with me, doesnt she?你母亲不喜欢看到你和我在一起,是吗? He is unfamiliar with this type of computer, isnt he?他不熟悉这种类型的计算机,是吗? 当陈述部分是Im 结构时,反意疑问部分常用arent I如:I am late, are

26、nt I?我迟到了,是吗?Im a boy, arent I?我是一个男孩,是吗? 当陈述部分是主从复合句时,反意疑问部分中的动词和主语代词通常应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致。如: She says that I did it, doesnt she?她说是我做的,是吗? He never said he would come, did he?他从没说过要来,是吗? When he goes there, he will go to see her, wont he?当他去那里时,他要去看她,是吗? If you dont start early, you will be late, wont

27、 you?如果你不早点出发就会迟到,是吗? He told you that he had watched the football match, didnt he?他告诉你已看过了这场足球赛,是吗? Peter believes that his dream will come true some day, doesnt he?彼得相信有一天他的梦想会实现,是吗? 当陈述部分的主句是I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine等结构时,反意疑问部分往往与从句保持一致,而且要注意否定转移。如: I suppose that she is careful, i

28、snt she?我认为她认真,是吗? I think he is a thief, isnt he?我认为他是一个小偷,是吗? I dont believe she has gone home, has she?我认为她没有回家,是吗? I dont think he can do it well, can he?我认为他做不好那件事,是吗? I dont believe you can finish the job, can you?我觉得你完不成这项工作,是吗? I dont guess he knows it, does he?我想他不知道这件事,是吗?注意:反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一

29、人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如:They all think that English is very important, dont they? (不用isnt it?)He didnt think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasnt/ was it?)当陈述部分是Im sure that,;we are sure;Im afraid that;We are sure that;I feel sure that 等后面跟

30、宾语从句时,反义疑问句与宾语从句一致。主语必须是I/we。 当陈述部分含有have,而且have作“有”解时,反意疑问部分用have/has或借助助动词do, does, did等来完成;如果陈述部分中的have是实义动词,则反意疑问部分应需借助助动词do, does, did等来完成。如: He hasnt a lot of time to spare, has he?他没有许多可以抽出的时间,是吗? He doesnt have an English dictionary, does he?他没有英语词典,是吗? They had milk and bread for breakfast, didnt they?他们早餐

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