1、高考情态动词和虚拟语气近五年真题集 全国五年真题情态动词、虚拟语气2011全国卷,32They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.will B.can C.must D.should【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“他们本该午饭时到达,但他们的航班推迟了。”will have done将来可以完成;can have done可能做过吗?表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句;must have done一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测;should have done本来应该做某事,而实际没做。
2、but their flight was delayed这样的结果,说明他们本来该到达却没有到达,因此选D。【2011全国卷II,8】If you smoke, please go outside. A. can B. should C. must D. may【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“如果你非得要抽烟,请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要,坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求,选C。【2011北京卷,24】I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He c
3、ome. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他?别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。【2011北京卷,28】Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.
4、I wish they always late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been【答案】A【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“孩子们哪儿去了?这顿饭快要吃不起来了。我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气,题干中出现always,从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。【2011北京卷,30】Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study
5、C. had studied D. was studying【答案】C【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科,现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间,if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟,因此使用过去完成时。选C。【2011天津卷,15】I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来,但我真不知道他们在
6、等我。”but I didnt know表示了过去时间,因此前句是对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达,故选D。【2011上海春招,27】Some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A. mustnt B. wont C. mightnt D. shouldnt【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustnt禁止,不允许;wont
7、不愿意,就是不,偏不,具有主观性;mightnt可能不;shouldnt不应该。根据句意选B。【2011江苏卷,34】I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】
8、句意为“我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是,有人拾到交给了铁路部门。失而复得,简直难以置信!我是说,本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成,must have done一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测,都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事,而实际没做,这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过,语气比较婉转或不肯定,根据句意选B。【2011福建卷,25】Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you ,
9、in case he comes late for the meeting .A.will B.must C.may D.can【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗?恐怕你得这样做,以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句,选B。【2011福建卷,34】Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A.attended B.had attended C.would
10、sttend D.would have attended【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。我本可以去听的,但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达,故选D。【2011安徽卷, 26】What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _.A. will never repla
11、ce B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“你对将来的商店购物怎么看?我个人认为会与在家购物并存,但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with home shopping,排除虚拟的选项D,这是表示将来的时间,考虑到被动语态,选C。【2011浙江卷,11】Hows your new babysitter?We _ask for a better one. All our kids l
12、ove her so much.A. should B. might C. mustnt D. couldnt【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“你的新保姆怎么样?找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该;might可能,可以;mustnt禁止;couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。【2011四川卷,20】The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they .A.can B.may C.must D.should【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“警方依
13、然没有找到失踪的孩子,但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can可以,能够;may可能,许可;must必须;should应该。根据句意,选A。【2011重庆卷,25】Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? I wanted to ,but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. should【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会?我想来的,但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”co
14、uld可以,能够,表示可能性或用于婉转语气;might可能,表示不确定;would愿意,偏要,表示意志;should应该,表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。【2011陕西卷,22】I_through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone【答案】A【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助,我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period表示过去的时间,对过去的虚拟语气用主语+
15、should / would / could / might + have done表达,故选A。【2011陕西卷,24】Will you read me a story ,Mummy? OK. You_have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“妈妈,可以读一个故事给我听吗?好的,如果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等,题中是母亲对儿子的承诺,故选D。
16、【2011湖南卷,28】No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A. can B. need C. must D. might【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以,能够;need需要;must必须;might可能。故根据题意,选A。【2011辽宁卷,21】If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. can B. may C. must D. will【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“
17、如果你非得走话,至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”can可以,能够;may 可能,许可;must(表示主张)一定要,坚持要;will将要,愿意。根据后句的劝告,选C。【2011江西卷23】It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.A. mustnt B.cant C.wont D.neednt【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口,才六点钟呢。”mustnt 禁止,不允许;cant 不可能;wont 不愿意,就是不,偏不;neednt 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”,only一词肯定语气强烈
18、,前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。【2011江西卷28】We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤,我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。”but for 是虚拟语气的提示,yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟,用主语+should / would / could / might + h
19、ave done表达,故选B。10安徽Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strong willed manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been答案D考点本题考查情态动词推测用法。解析句意为 “杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人, 他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。10安徽Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_A. wa
20、s busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy答案A考点本题考查虚拟语气与时态。解析前句表示对过去的虚拟, 而but之后表示过去的客观事实, 故用一般过去时态。10湖南You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to答案D考点本题考查情态动词。解析dont have to 意为 “没有必要”, 符合语境, 句意为:“你没有必要买礼物, 但如果你想买的话, 你也可以买。”10湖南If he my advice, he
21、 wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow答案C考点考查虚拟语气。解析根据 “wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟, 故选C项。10江西I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will答案A考点考查情态动词的用法。解析must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我
22、告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗?10山东I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt答案A考点本题考查情态动词的用法。解析句意应为 “我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。”表示 “本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A项正确。10天津Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed
23、, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt答案A考点考查情态动词。解析句意:迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后, 他早半个小时到达了。根据后面的语境, 提前半个小时到达, 说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙, 所以用neednt have done 结构, 表示 “本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。10天津John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell
24、B. tells C. told D. had told 答案D考点考查虚拟语气。解析句意:约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话, 我会跟他一起去的。前一句是陈述语气, 说明动发生在过去, 而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构, 应该用had +过去分词。10四川 I take the book out? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need答案B考点考查情态动词。解析表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许
25、用can, may.句意为: “我可以将这本书带出去吗?” “恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。10全国Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon .A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether答案A考点考查情态动词。解析句意:耐心一点儿, 你不能期望世界变化如此快。通过选项此题考查情态动词, cant在否定句中可以表示推测, 译为不可能,可以表示能力, 译为不能够, 也可以表示命令, 不允许, 但是语气比mustnt弱, 具有劝慰的意思, 根据句意此题中选择A,
26、cant表示劝慰。10江苏I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_答案B考点考查情态动词。解析shall在第二人称中表示允诺, 还可以表示强制, 命令, 威胁, 警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。10江苏George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but
27、 Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused答案B考点本题考查虚拟语气。解析would rather后应用虚拟语气, 表示与现在时间相反, 用动词的过去式10陕西May I take this book out of the reading room? No, you . You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt答案D考点考查情态动词。解析英语中用could, might表示询问或征求意见的问句
28、中, 肯定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might, 而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt, 故本题选D。10陕西If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken答案B考点考查虚拟语气。解析所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语, 根据主句的谓语动词形式might have ar rived可知题干是与过去事实相反, 故所填部分用had+过去分词形式, 选B。10全国Im a
29、fraid Mr. Harding _see you now. Hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt答案A考点情态动词考查。解析结合语境, 根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时, 要用cant。10湖北Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _(不可能做到)because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)答案cant/ couldnt have done it考点情态动词解析当要对过去进行肯定
30、的推测时, 要用 “cant/couldnt+have+done”的结构10湖北Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)答案(should) be discussed考点本题考查虚拟语气。解析“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟, 从句结构是“should”(可省略)加动词原形, 主语“problem” 是要 “被讨论”。10辽宁Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.A. can B. will C. must D. may答案C考点考查情态动词。解析句意:医生说锻炼对身体重要, 但是必须是有规律的锻炼。Can一般表示 “可能, 或能力”;will表示 “意志”;may表示 “许可, 可能”;m
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