顺说倒装句soneithernor+助动词情态动词系动词be+主语的基本用法.docx

1、顺说倒装句soneithernor+助动词情态动词系动词be+主语的基本用法“顺说倒装句”的基本用法“顺说倒装句”是顺应前面所出现的表述、 表明另一种类似情况而形成的部分倒装形式的倒装句， 其基本结构为“so/neither/nor助动词/情态动词/系动词be主语”， 用放在句首的so(针对前面肯定性的内容)或者neither, nor(针对前面否定性的内容)表明与前面所说的情况类似的情况。例如： He can ride a bike, and so can I. 他会骑自行车， 我也会。/ The boy died, and a week later, so did his friend.

2、那男孩死了， 一周后， 他朋友也死了。/ Society has changed and so have the people in it. 社会变了， 人也跟着变了。/ Tom doesnt like bananas. Neither/Nor does his wife. 汤姆不喜欢吃香蕉。他妻子也不喜欢。If you wont go, neither will I. 如果你不去， 我也不去。注意： 如果只是重复前面所说的情况， 表示同意或强调，用来表示赞成前一说话者所说的内容，可译为是的、对或的确如此。其基本结构为“so主语助动词/情态动词/系动词be”(这里的主语应与前面句子的主语一致)

3、。这里注意没有nor/neither的用法了，只有so的用法例如： She knows little English, so she does. 她英语懂得不多， 的确如此。/ It was very hot yesterday. 昨天天气很热。So it was. 是很热。JimcantspeakEnglish, neitherhedid.1. -She can speak French.她会讲法语。-So she can.她确实会讲法语。2. - You seem to like tea.- So I do.是的，我确实喜欢3. -Mary went to the park yesterd

4、ay.-So she did, and so did I.她确实去了，我也去了。4. -I dont think he is diligent.我认为他不用功。-Neither he is. Neither is his younger sister.他确实不用功。他妹妹也不用功。5. -Its raining hard.雨下得真大。-So it is. 是呀。6. -Tony works very hard at all the subjects.托尼所有功课都很刻苦。-So he does.他确实如此。7. Tom asked me to go to play football and s

5、o I did.句子结构为：nor/neither+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语。此句型是一个倒装句，意为“也不”，用于否定陈述句之后，说明后者的情况与前者相同。联想拓展If you wont go, neither/nor will I. 如果你不去，我也不去。 He dont know about it. Nor do I. 他不了解这件事，我也不了解。He couldnt do it，andneither could she. 他做不了，她也做不了。He never comes late. Nor do I. 他从不迟到，我也从不迟到。若前一句含有fail或一些加前缀 或后缀构成的含有

6、否定意义的词(如dislike, disagree, careless, dishonest, unfit等)，这些词虽然具有否定意义，但仍然是肯定形式的词，结构中仍使用so。例如： Tom failed to work out the problem, and so did I. 汤姆没能解决这个问题，我也没能。 Mike dislikes playing football. So does Jack. 迈克不喜欢踢足球，杰克也不喜欢。 注意结构中and与标点符号的使用。 这一结构是一个完整的倒装句，因此，若前一句用句号，则so应大写第一个字母；若前一句用逗号，则so前须加and，构成并列分

7、句；若前一句用分号，则so不用大写第一个字母，而且so前也无须加and，同样构成并列句；若前一句为if条件句，则so前用逗号，不加and, so也不大写第一个字母，此时，这一结构作句子的主句。例如： I will go there tomorrow. So will she. =I will go there tomorrow, and so will she. =I will go there tomorrow; so will she. =If I go there tomorrow, so will she. He never went again, and nor did he wri

8、te to apologize. 他再也没去过，也没有写信道歉。、用“so+助动词+主语”结构，表示肯定陈述句之后说明后者情况与前者相同，so it is with sb./It is the same with sb. 某人也是这样。so it is with sb./It is the same with sb.结构陈述两种或两种以上的情况，既可用于肯定，也可用于否定。He disliked the film, and so did I.他不喜欢这部电影，我也是。so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语这一倒装结构用来表达前面所陈述的情况也适用于另外一人，意为某某也一样。例如： Jennif

9、er likes to listen to music. So do I. 詹妮佛喜欢听音乐，我也喜欢。 I have been to the Great Wall, and so has she. 我去过长城，她也去过。 若前一句中只有行为动词，该结构应视人称与时态选用助动词do / does / did; 若前一句是用了一般现在时的if条件句，则该结构中应用助动词shall / will。例如： Jessica is fond of watching TV, and so am I. 杰西卡喜欢看电视，我也喜欢。 I can play the piano, and so can he. 我

10、会弹钢琴，他也会。 If they take part in the school sports, so shall we. 如果他们参加学校运动会，我们也参加。 使用这一结构应注意以下几点： 注意so+be动词/助动词/情态动词主语与其易混结构的区别。 1. 与so+主语be动词/助动词/情态动词的区别： so+主语be动词/助动词/情态动词用来表示赞成前一说话者所说的内容，可译为是的、对或的确如此。例如： It was very cold yesterday.昨天很冷。 So it was.的确如此。 Youve left the light on.你忘了关灯了。 Oh, so I hav

11、e. Ill go and turn it off.哦，是的，我就去关。 2. 与主语do/does/did+so的区别： 主语do/does/did+so结构中的do/does/did是行为动词，表示做，不可换用其他be动词或情态动词，这一结构可译为某某就这样做了。例如： The doctor asked him to take a deep breath, and he did so. 医生叫他做深呼吸，他就这样做So do I与So I doSo do I与so I do有区别吗?若有区别，区别在哪些方面？He studies very hard.Yes, so _ and so _.A

12、.he did, you didB.did he, did youC.he did, did youD.did he, you did此题应选C。容易误选B。此题句意为。如：他学习很用功。是的，他确实用功，你也一样(用功)。这里涉及这样两个问题。如：1.表示前面所述的情况也适合于后面一个人或事物，通常在so后用倒装句式(部分倒装用一般问句的形式)。如：He likes English. So do I.他喜欢英语，我也一样。He was ill and so were his parents.他病了，他父母也病了。顺便说一句，在正式文体中，as也可这样用。如：He travelled a gr

13、eat deal, as did most of his friends.他去过许多地方旅游，他多数朋友也一样。但是如果前面所述情况为否定式，则用neither, nor引出倒装句(此时不能用so)。如：He couldnt do it, and neither could she.他做不了，她也做不了。He never comes late. Nor do I.他从不迟到，我也从不迟到。2.后一句子若只是重复前句的意思，起加强语气的作用，so后面不用倒装句式。如：He has done a good job.他干得不错。So he has.他的确干得不错。涉及副词so的两类常考倒装这类倒装主

14、要见于以下两种情形：1.当副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。如：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape.袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。2.当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词

15、+主语”这种倒装结构。如：You are young and so am I.你年轻，我也年轻。She likes music and so do I.她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。If he can do it, so can I.要是他能做此事，我也能。【典型考题】(答案分别为BBA)1.So difficult_it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.A.I did findB.did I find C.I have foundD.have I found2._about wild plants that t

16、hey decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.A.so curious the couple wasB.So curious were the coupleC.How curious the couple wereD.The couple was such curious3.Its burning hot today, isnt it?Yes._yesterday.A.So was it B.So it wasC.So it is D.So is it特别说明：(1)若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否

17、定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor。如：You arent young and neither am I.你不年轻，我也不年轻。She hasnt read it and nor have I.她没有读它，我也没有读。请看考题(答案选D)：Mary never does any reading in the evening,_.A.so does JohnB.John does tooC.John doesnt too D.nor does John(2)注意“So+助动词+主语”与表示强调或同意的“So+主语+助动词”的区别。如：“It was cold yesterday.

18、” “So it was.”“昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”请看考题(答案分别为CD)：1. Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. _, and so did I.A.So she hadB.So had sheC.So she didD.So did she2.Father, you promised! Well,_. But it was you who didnt keep your word first.A.so was IB.so did IC.so I was D.so I did单项填空I dont think I can walk an

19、y farther! _ . Lets stop here for a rest. A. Neither am I B. Neither can IC. I dont think so D. I think so He has made great progress recently. _ and _ . A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have youC. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have解析： 选B。根据最后一句“我们停下来休息一下吧”可知，回答者也不能再走了，因此用Nei

20、ther can I。选B。第一空表示对说话者的同意和赞成，意为“他的确如此”，第二空表示“你也一样”。解释 “neithernor + be动词助动词情态动词+主语”意为“也不”，承接前面的否定句，用倒装语序。如：I cant afford a new car, neither/nor can he.我买不起新车，他也是。“so+ be动词助动词情态动词+主语”意为“也”，承接前面的肯定句，用倒装语序。如：He is tired and so are you. 他累了, 我们也累了。 练习 中译英1). 如果你们今晚去看电影，我也去。_2). 我以前没去过上海, 我妹妹也没去过。_Keys:

21、1). If you go to the cinema tonight, so will I.2). I havent been to Shanghai before and neither has my sister.考题1 If Joes wife wont go to the party, _.(2007)A. he will either B. neither will heC. he neither will D. either he will答案 B解析 表示Joe跟他妻子一样将不出席宴会， 应选用四个选项中倒装形式的“neither will he”， 选项A、 D不能选是因为“

22、either”表示“也”而不含否定含义。考题2 Its burning hot today, isnt it? Yes. _ yesterday. (2006福建)A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it答案 A解析 表示昨天的炎热状况跟今天的炎热状况一样， 应选用倒装句的结构， 由此先排除选项B和C， 又由于描述昨天的情况应用一般过去时而不是一般现在时， 应进一步排除D而选出A。考题3 Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? I dont know, _. (1991)A. nor do

23、nt I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neither D. I dont care also答案 B解析 在否定句表示“也”要用either(表示此意时通常放于句末)， 在肯定句中表示“也”则用too(较为通俗， 表示此意时通常放于句末)或also(较为庄重， 使用时通常放于句中)， 本题下划线对应于否定句， 不能用also， 所以首先排除了选项D； neither, nor表示“也不”， 本身包含否定意义， 不能与dont连用， 所以进一步排除选项A、 C而选出B。本题中， nor引导的部分倒装的倒装句表示前面的否定性的内容也适合于另一个人， 其带

24、上了谓语部分的实义动词care(若“顺说倒装句”中谓语部分的实义动词与前一句子谓语部分的实义动词相同， 则一般省略掉该倒装句中谓语部分的实义动词)。考题4 You forgot your purse when you went out. Good heavens, _. (2002上海)A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did答案 B解析 重复前面表述的同一种情况， 表示强调时， so引导的句子不进行倒装。考题5 Well. I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which

25、can run very fast. _.(2005辽宁)A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does答案 A解析 肯定前一句话中的宾语从句“the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal”， so引导的句子不进行倒装， 而且so引导的句子中谓语动词要与该宾语从句中的谓语动词相一致。考题6 My room gets very cold at night. _.(2007江苏)A. So is mine B. So mine isC. So does mine D. So mine does答案 C解析

26、下划线处肯定对方所述情况、 表示“我的房间的确如此”， 应采用不倒装的形式， 而且其谓语动词形式应该与对方所说陈述句的谓语动词形式一致。本章补充强化训练题1. Never _ time come back again.A. will you lose B. will lostC. have I lost D. am I losing2. Not until he arrived home _ that his wallet had been stolen.A. he had found B. he foundC. did he find D. had he founded3. Not unti

27、l _ home _ his parents had been ill for three days.A. he got; he knew B. did he get; he knewC. he got; did he know D. did he get; did he know4. Not for a moment _ the truth of your story.A. he has doubted B. he doubtedC. had he doubted D. did he doubt5. Hardly _ got to the airport _ the plane took o

28、ff.A. they had; than B. had they; thanC. had they; when D. did they; when6. No sooner _ than he realized that he should have remained silent.A. had the words been spoken B. the words had spokenC. the words had been spoken D. had the words spoken7. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _ such a beautiful palace.A. can you find B. you could findC. you can find D. could you find8. Of the making of good boo