31辽宁省高考英语新题型.docx

1、31辽宁省高考英语新题型王老师高考英语新题型语法填空题专项讲解-相关基础知识点关强化训练 主讲 王老师王老师前言：2014注定是充满变数的一年，不光新高一要进行高考改革，连即将毕业的高三同学也未幸免，面对新题型在还剩不到100天的时候我们该怎么办，同学们莫慌，这里我肯定的告诉大家，新题型绝对比原来的15道单选简单，跟紧我，我来带领大家做好最后的冲刺。第一部分 名词、数词、代词、形容词副词、动词基础练习一. 对名词的考查1.考查名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(1).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(规则变化)一般情况下直接在单数名词之后加-s变为复数名词。例如：deskdesks, keykeys,

2、monkeymonkeys, boyboys等以-x,-s,-ch,-sh,结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，在单数名词之后加-es。例如：foxfoxes, bossbosses, busbuses, classclasses, dressdresses, witnesswitnesses, addressaddresses, beachbeaches,coachcoaches,couchcouches,inchinches,sandwichsanwiches,churchchurches,watchwatches,matchmatches,speechspeeches,witchwitches

3、,dishdishes,brushbrushes,goldfishgoldfish, fishfishes, toothbrushtoothbrushes等。以o结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，在单数名词之后加-s的有：zoozoos,radioradios,photophotos,pianopianos,kilokilos,mangomangos,bamboobamboos,kangarookangaroos。加-es有：tomatotomatoes, potatopotatoes, dodododoes/s,heroheroes。以辅音字母+y结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，先变y为i，再加-

4、es。例如：familyfamilies,ladyladies,babybibies,copycopies,bodybodies,centurycenturies,diarydiaries,dictionarydictionaries,factoryfactories,librarylibaries,batterybatteries,documentrydocumentries,buddybuddies,abilityabilities,countrycountries,butterflybutterflies,enemyenemies,memorymemories,balconybalcon

5、ies,laboratorylaboratrories,beautybeauties,charitycharities,comedycomedies,industryindustries,quallityquallities,replyreplies,difficultydifficulties,theropytheropies, mysterymysteries, hobbyhobbies,storystories,citycities,laundrylaundries,activityactivities等。f或 fe结尾单数变为复数名词时先变f或 fe为v再加-es。halfhalves

6、, knifeknives,wifewives,leafleaves,shelfshelves,herselfthemseves,scalfscalfs/scalves,wolfwolves等。考例1： Look! There are some _ (bird) flying in the sky.考例2： Your present is in one of the _. Can you guess? (box)考例3： Newspaper reports say that some more _ (country) have become E.U.(欧盟)members this year.

7、考例4： The earthquake rocked the cities in the north of Algeria. Many people lost their _. (life) (2).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(不规则变化)footfeet,toothteeth,childchildren,manmen,womanwomen,policemanpolicemen,policewomanpolicewomen,FrenchmanFrenchmen,snowmansnowmen,businessmanbusinessmen,EnglishmanEnglishmen,gentlem

8、angentlemen, salesmansalesmen, mousemice/mouses(鼠标),sheepsheep, ChineseChinese, JapaneseJapanese, fishfish等。考例1： Its good for us to brush our _ (tooth) after meals.2.考查名词的所有格 考例1： Chocolate is usually _ favourite food. (child)考例2： Tomorrow is _ (father) Day. What will you do for your dad?注意：母亲节为Moth

9、ers Day,妇女节为Womens Day,儿童节为Childrens Day,教师节为Teachers Day。3.考查名词转换成形容词名词转换成形容词有以下几种情况：(1)名词+y 形容词 例如：rainrainy,windwindy,cloudcloudy, sunsunny,snowsnowy,fogfoggy,mistmisty,healthhealthy,lucklucky,unluckunlucky,noisenoisy,fun funny,thirstthirsty等。(2)名词+ful形容词 例如：carecareful, thankthankful,helphelpful

10、,useuseful,wonderwonderful,colourcolourful,painpainful,successsuccessful等。(3).名词+n形容词 例如：AmericaAmerican, RussiaRussian,IndiaIndian, AustraliaAustralian, CanadaCanadian,ItalyItalian等。(4).名词+ ern形容词 例如：easteastern,westwestern,northnorthern,southsouthern等。(5).名词 +ous形容词 例如:dangerdangerous,famefamous等。

11、注意：friendfriendly,woolwoolen,differencedifferent,difficultydifficult,importanceimportant,prideproud,personpersonal,safetysafe,confidenceconfident等。考例1： What a _ (rain) day! We have to stay at home.考例2： Too much homework is really _ (pain) to students.4.考查名词变为副词successsuccessfully,carecarefully,carec

12、arelessly,healthhealthily,noisenoisily等。考例： They played so _ that they lost the football match. (care)二对数词的考查1.考查基数词转换成序数词基数词变为序数词时,一般情况下在基数词之后加-th。例如：four fourth但是，特殊的基数词变为序数词可用以下口诀来帮助记忆：一、二、三单独记，八去t,九去e,五和十二记仔细，f来把ve替，ty变成 tie，后面再加th。即：onefirst,twosecond,threethird,eight eighth,nineninth,fivefifth

13、,twelvetwelfth,twenty twentieth,thirtythirtieth,fortyfortieth,fiftyfiftieth,sixtysixtieth,seventyseventieth,eighty eightieth,ninetyninetieth等。考例1： The _ (eight) lesson is not so easy as the ninth lesson, I think.考例2： We will have the _ celebration for the return of Hong Kong. (nine)考例3： The students

14、 from America live on the _ floor. (nine)考例4： Liu Xiang got the _ (one) in his competition of the 2004Olympic Games.2. 考查分数词 考例： Two _ (three) of the boys in my class are in the school football team.三对代词的考查1.考查人称代词主宾格之间的转换（不常出现）。2.考查物主代词之间的转换考例： Yesterday I was doing some shopping in the supermarket

15、 when I met a friend of _ (my).3.考查人称代词转换成自身代词考例1： The clever girl could teach _ English when she was ten. (she)考例2： Thanks to space satellites, the world _ (it) is becoming a much smaller place.4. 考查人称代词转换成物主代词考例1： My schoolbag is different from _ (he). Mine is newer.考例2： Our way of learning Englis

16、h is a lot better than _. (they)考例3： _ (we) city, Huaian ,is Zhou Enlans hometown. We are proud of him.考例4： This is my dictionary. Where is _ (you)?四对形容词的考查1.考查形容词的比较级/最高级(1).形容词比较级/最高级的规则变化一般单音节的形容词在词尾加-er/-est 例如：blackblacker/est, brightbrighter/est此外还有：cheap, clear, clean, clever, cold, cool, dea

17、r, dark, deep, fast, few,full,great,green,hard,high,kind,light,long,low,near,new,old,poor,quick,quiet,rich,short,slow,small,steep,strong,sweet,tall,thick,yellow,young, warm, weak等。以字母e结尾的形容词，只须在词尾加-r/-st。例如：blue bluer/st, largelarger/st 此外还有：able, huge, late, nice, fine, free, white, wide, simple, s

18、afe, strange, polite, purple等。以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，要先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er/-est。例如：bigbigger/est,fatfatter/est 此外还有：dim, red, thin, sad, wet, hot, glad等。以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，先把y变为i，再加-er/-est。例如：angryangrier/est, easyeasier/est此外还有：busy, happy, heavy, empty, noisy, lucky, hungry, dirty, early, ready, sunny, wi

19、ndy, lazy, tidy, healthy, rainy, snowy, dry, unhappy, unlucky, pretty等。多音节形容词和部分双音节形容词以及由分词转化来的形容词，须在词前加more/most。例如：beautifulmore/most beautiful,tired more/most tired此外还有：careful, interesting, difficult, different, dangerous, expensive, famous, important, interested, helpful, modern, useful, wonder

20、ful, worried, amazing, boring, serious等。有些形容词的比较级和最高级的构成，既可以在词为加-er/est，又可以在词前加more/most。例如：clever, common, polite, quiet, peasant, simple等。(2).形容词比较级/最高级的不规则变化badworseworst goodbetterbest much/manymoremost littlelessleast考例1： Our team was much _ (strong) than theirs. We won the game at last.考例2： Th

21、e more exercise you take, the _ youll be. (health)考例3： Houses in some cities now are much _ than before. (expensive)2.考查形容词转换成副词形容词+ly副词 badbadly,brightbrightly,certaincertainly,carefulcarefully,carelesscarelessly,clearclearly,cleancleanly,loudloudly,politepolitely,quickquickly,quietquietly,realreal

22、ly,sadsadly,safesafely slowslowly,strongstrongly,usualusually,widewidely,angryangrily,heavyheavily,easyeasily,happyhappily,silentsilently,luckyluckily,suddensuddenly,busybusilyexactexactly,neatneatly,noisynoisily,successfulsuccessfully,terribleterribly,truetruly,等。注意：earlyearly,fastfast,goodwell等。考例

23、： Be careful, or you wont work out the physics problem _.(easy)3.考查形容词转换成名词 参见“名词转换为形容词”注意：illillness foreignforeigner highheight truetruth 考例： When he saw the boy was in danger, Edison rushed out and carried him to _ (safe).五对副词的考查1.考查副词的比较级/最高级(1).副词比较级/最高级的规则变化一般单音节的副词在词尾加-er/-est 例如：fastfaster/e

24、st,hardharder/est,longlonger/est,loudlouder/est,highhigher/est,soonsonner/est注意：earlyearlier/est多音节副词和部分双音节副词，须在词前加more/most。例如：angrilymore/most angrily 此外还有：quietly,quickly,sadly, slowly,widely,suddenly,happily,politly,clearly,often,carefully, carelessly,luckily等。(2).副词比较级/最高级的不规则变化wellbetterbest,

25、badlyworseworst,farfartherfurther/farthestfurthest考例： Mike and I started to learn painting at the same time, but now he can paint much _ (good) than I.2.考查副词转换成形容词（不常见）六对动词的考查( 时态语态，非谓语，情态动词，虚拟语气)1.考查动词转换成名词动词转换成名词常见的有：(1).动词+er名词 workworker,teachteacher,keepkeeper,paintpainter,sellseller,speakspeak

26、er,waitwaiter,cleancleaner, playplayer, surfsurfer,singsinger,ownowner等。(2).动词+r名词managemanager,writewriter,dancedancer,divediver drivedriver,strikestriker等。注意：runrunner,swimswimmer,traveltraveller,winwinner, robrobber,cookcook等。(3). 动词+or名词 visitvisitor,inventinventor(4). 动词+(t)ion名词invention,oprat

27、eopration,discussdiscussion,pollutepollution,(5). 动词+ing名词parkparking,meanmeaning,surfsurfing,traintraining,shopshopping,meetmeeting,turnturning,crosscrossing,beginbeginning,buildbuilding,cleancleaning,drawdrawing,paintpainting,swimswimming,washwashing等。注意：robrobbery,pleasepleasure, diedeath,thinkth

28、ought,knowknowledge,appearappearance,disappeardisappearance,drydrought,flyflight等。考例1： Some foreign _(visit) from England came to our school last week.考例2： Paul is the best basketball _ (play) on school team.考例3： We feel sorry that Chen Yifei, a famous _ (paint), died when he was fifty-nine.考例4： Eve

29、ry child has a dream. My life dream is to be a pop _ (sing).2.考查动词转换成形容词动词转换成形容词一般都是转换成其相应的形容词化的过去分词或现在分词：(1).动词+ing形容词 interestinteresting,surprisesurprising,exciteexciting,missmissing,relaxrelaxing,amazeamazing,movemoving,followfollowing等。(2).动词+(e)d形容词 closeclosed,hurryhurried,worryworried,crowdc

30、rowded,pleasepleased,interestinterestedsurprisesurprised,frightenfrightened,useused,breakbroken等。注意：pleasepleasant,enjoyenjoyable,fillfull,diedead,sleepasleep,wakeawake,forgetforgetful,openopen等。考例1： No matter how long Yin Xuemei has been _, her spirit of protecting students from danger will always live on. (die)考例2： You may be _ if you are in trouble and have no one to help you. (worry)考例3 I think English is very useful. Are you _ (interest) in it?考例4： After the study trip, Sally became _ (interest) in the culture of China.考例5： Lily told us a _ (surprise) piece of news.考例6：Hi