考研英语常用形近词辨析.docx

1、考研英语常用形近词辨析考研英语常用形近词辨析1.adherence 和 adhesion这两个词都是“粘附的”意思。adherence 用于比喻的意思。例如：his adherence to the strict letter of the law.adhesion 是指物质上的。2. adjacent，adjoining 和 contiguous这些词都有next to“紧挨”的意思。adjacent“毗邻的，邻近的”，但它们可能并不相互直接接触。adjoining和contiguous指相互接触，通常之间有一个edge或boundary。3.admission 和 admittance它们

2、都有“the act of entering”的意思。但admission用于公共场合。The price of admission to the gallery is 5.admittance不指公共场合，一般指私人的住所。4. adopted 和 adoptiveadopted“收养的，过继的” an adopted son (daughter)养子(女)；my adopted country我所入籍的国家; adopted words 外来语。adoptive“收养的”，我们说 adoptive parents,但很少说 adoptive child;“采用的”，“假冒的”an adop

3、tive courage 假充勇敢。5.adverse 和 averseadverse“不利的，反对的”，用于事，不用于人。adverse weather conditions; an adverse reaction.averse“嫌恶的，反对的，不乐意的”，常和“to”一起使用，而且用否定形式。6.advise 和 adviceadvise“劝告”(动词)；advice“劝告”(名词)。7.affect 和 effectaffect v.“影响”，它的第二个意思是“假装”Though she affectes indifference, I knew she was really very

4、 upset.effect n.“结果”，“效力”。 “产生”，“导致”，它比“to cause, to bring out”更为正式。His aim was to effect a radical change in the party structure.8.all ready 和 alreadyall ready 意思是“completely prepared”already“已经”。He had already had his lunch.9.altogether 和 all togetheraltogether (in total)“总共”all together 意思是“in a

5、group”。如：We put the sheep all together in one field.这两个词还可以分开。We put all the sheep together in one field.10. allude 和 eludeallude“暗指”，“暗示”，“(婉转)提到”。elude (to avoid or escape)“闪避，躲避”。如:to elude sibs grasp逃脱，没有被逮住；to elude the law规避法律。The meaning eludes me.那个意义我摸不透。11.illusion 和 delusionillusion“幻觉，错觉

6、”be under no illusion about sth.对某事不存幻想。delusion“欺骗，迷惑”He suffers from the delusion that hes attractive to women.他糊里糊涂地认为自己对女人很有吸引力。12.amended 和 emendamended (to alter or add to something)“订正，改正”，“修正(议案等)”。an amended bill修正案；amend ones ways改过自新。emend (to correct errors in)“校订”。emend the text of a bo

7、ok校勘某书；He emended the typescript before sending it to the printers.在交付印刷之前他校正文稿。13.amicable 和 amiable这两个词都是指“友好的”意思。amicable“友好的，亲切的”指行为或情景。The discussions were amicable, though business-like.讨论虽然是商业形式,但是友好的.amiable“可爱的，和蔼可亲的”Many people are afraid of him, though I found him to be perfectly amiable.

8、虽然我发现他特别和蔼可亲，但还是有很多人害怕他。14.assent 和 ascentassent 可用作“agreement”“同意”或“agree”“同意”。ascent n.“上升，晋升”。the ascent of mountain登山。15.avert 和 avoidavert“防止，避免”。avoid“回避，逃避”。avoid bad company避免和坏人来往；I cannot avoid seeing him.我不能不见他。16.besides 和 besidebesides 意思是“in addition to”“加之，还有，另外”；beside“在旁边”，“在一侧”。Dun

9、can is the tall man standing beside my father.站在我爸爸旁边的高个子男子是邓肯。17.coherence 和 cohesioncoherence“统一，一致性”；cohesion“结合力，团结”。the cohesion of molecules分子的结合力。18. compare with 和 compare tocompare with“和比起来”compare to“好比”。He compared the moon to a silver plate.他把月亮比成一个大银盘。19.impel 和 compelimpel“推动，驱使，激励”。i

10、mpel sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事；compel“强迫，胁迫，迫使”。compel sb. to ones will强迫人服从自己。plement 和 complimentcomplement“补足(物)，补全”，“补足语”。compliment“恭维话，赞辞，敬意”; Your presence is a great compliment.承蒙光临，不胜荣幸。21.confident 和 confidantconfident“深信，确信，自信”。confidant“心腹朋友”。She has no close confidant to whom she can turn f

11、or advice or help. 她没有知心朋友来帮助或是劝告她。22.continual 和 continuouscontinual“连续，继续”；“频繁的”；continual bouts of toothache 一阵接一阵的牙痛。(这中间可能有停顿或间断。)continuous“连续”(指从不间断的); We have had three weeks of continuous rain.我们这里连续三周下雨不停。23.might 和 couldmight 表明“possibility”。could 应该用来表明“permission”. Mum said we could (mi

12、ght) go to the football match.24.council 和 counselcouncil“议事机构”，委员会；a cabinet council内阁会议。counsel“商议，劝告”；follow sbs counsel close牢记某人忠告。25.creditable 和 crediblecreditable “声誉好的，可称许(赞扬)的”；credible “可信的，可靠的”Hes the only one without a credible alibi (辩解，托辞)，他是惟一一个没有可信托辞的人。26.decisive 和 decideddecisive“

13、果断的，断然的”；decisive measures 断然的措施。decided“明确的，无疑的”；a decided success 明显的成功。27.defective 和 deficientdefective (having a fault or flaw)“有缺陷的”。deficient (lacking in what is needed)“不足的”；be deficient in 欠缺。28.definite 和 definitivedefinite (certain or clear, not vague)“明确的，一定的”。definitive (authoritative,

14、that cannot be improved)“限定的，决定性的，最后的”definitive host 宿主；definitive organs 定形器官；definitive sentence 最后判决。29.dependant 和 dependentdependant n.(one who depends on another for support)受赡养者。dependent adj.“依靠的，依赖的”;Hesstill dependent on state benefit. The rate of relief is dependent on ones income.30.dis

15、creet 和 discretediscreet“考虑周到的，慎重的”。discrete“分离的，分裂的”；On closer examination, we find that the pattern is formed from thousands of discrete dots of colors.31.distinctive 和 distinctdistinctive“有特色的”，“独特的”；distinct“清楚的，明显的”；a distinct smell of alcohol on his breath; the distinctive stripes of the zebra

16、.32.dual 和 dueldual“二重的”；dual personality双重人格；dual control双重管辖；w duel/w“决斗，竞争”；fight a duel with sb.与某人决斗;challenge sb. to a duel向某人提出决斗；a duel of wits斗智33.eatable 和 edibleeatable a.“可食用的，可吃的”；n.“食物、食品”。edible a.“适合食用的，可以吃的”；n.“食品”。在指吃的时候二者可通用：The toast was burnt and barely eatable/edible.但在其他情况下不一样

17、。If something is eatable, it may be eaten (though it may not be safe or desirable to do so); but, if something is edible it is safe to eat.34.economical 和 economiceconomic“经济学的，经济上的”an economic survey of Scotland 苏格兰经济调查；an economic blockade 经济封锁；economical“节俭的，经济的”；Hes had to learn to be more econo

18、mical now that his only income is a small pension.35.evoke 和 invokeevoke“唤起，引起”；evoke admiration 引起羡慕。invoke“祈求(神灵)保佑，乞灵于”，行使(法权)；The shaman invokes the spirits of their ancestors.If our case fails in the national courts we will invoke the European Declaration on Human Rights.36.fatal 和 fatefulfatal

19、 causing death or disaster”“致命的”; a fatal disease不治之症；a fatal wound致命伤.fateful crucial, significant, deciding ones fate”“重大的”，“决定性的，决定命运的”;On that one fateful day in October, millions of pounds were wiped off the value of shares.37.fictional 和 fictitiousfictional“虚构的，小说的”。fictitious“虚构的，编造的”(denotes

20、 something that is not real and has been created with the intention of deceiving others)；He gave the police a fictitious name.38.historical 和 historichistorical“有关历史的”，“历史的”, the historical period 历史阶段；historical personage 历史人物。historic“历史上有名的，有历史意义的”, historic town 历史名城。39.impassable 和 impassibleim

21、passable“不能通行的”，“不可逾越的”；an impassable swam 不能通行的沼泽地。impassible“不感疼痛的；无动于衷的”; an impassible God 无动于衷的神。40.infer 和 implyinfer“猜想，臆测”，“推断”；infer a motive from an effect 从效果推知动机。imply“含有的意思”; Do you realize what his words imply?你领会他说话的含意吗?I do not imply that you are wrong.我的意思不是说你错了。41.impractical 和 imp

22、racticableimpractical (not sensible or efficient or not actually possible)“不切实际的，不现实的”。impracticable (not able to be done or used)“不能实行的，行不通的”；With a river on one side and a steep drop on the other, it is impracticable to widen theroad.42.incredible 和 incredulousincredible“不可相信的，难以置信的”；incredible en

23、ergy惊人的能量，精力。incredulous“不相信的，表示怀疑的”；be incredulous of hearsay不相信道听途说；an incredulous look怀疑的目光。43.ingenious 和 ingenuousingenious“机灵的”; an ingenious mind机灵的头脑；an ingenious machine精巧的机器ingenuous“直率的，坦白的”。44.intense 和 intensiveintense“激烈的，强烈的”，“紧张的”an intense light强烈的灯光；intense heat酷热；an intense life奋发

24、图强的生活。intensive“加强的，集中的”；“深入细致的，彻底的”; an intensive bombardment密集炮击；an intensive study彻底的研究；an intensive reading精读(extensive reading泛读)。45.junction 和 juncturejunction“接合，连接”，“(河流的)汇合处”; make a junction 取得联络，连接起来 junction box 接线盒。juncture (a particular point in time or in a sequence of events)“接合，连接”，

25、“时机，关头”；an important juncture in a mans career 人生历程中的重要关头；at this juncture 在这个时候；in the present critical juncture of things 在目前这一危急关头下。46.apt 和 prone它们都具有“tending to or in the habit of”的意思，但是 prone 只用于人。Elderly people are prone to falls, often because of arthritic joints or dizziness.47.loose 和 lose

26、loose“松的，宽的”。lose“丢失”; lose ones balance 失去平衡，跌倒；lose ones head 被搞糊涂。48.luxuriant 和 luxuriousluxuriant (growing strongly or vigorously; abundant, prolific)“繁茂的；多产的；丰富的”；His luxuriant beard was red.luxurious“豪华的，奢侈的”；a luxurious table 奢侈的饭菜。49.magical 和 magic它们都和 magic 有关系，但是 magical 也有“wonderful, en

27、trancing”的意思。50.masterly 和 masterfulmasterly (showing great skill or the skill of a master)“熟练的；名家的”。masterful (showing power or authority)“主人派头的，专横的”；Youre so strong and masterful.51.obsolete 和 obsolescentobsolete(no longer in use or already out of date)“已废弃的，已不用的”; an obsolete vessel 废舰；an obsolet

28、e word 已废的词。obsolescent (going out of use or becoming out of date)“逐渐被废弃的，快要不用的”；Do you think that faxes are obsolescent?52. officious 和 officialofficious“爱管闲事的”，“非正式的”；an officious statement 非正式声明。official“官方的”，“公务上的”; an official gazette 官方通报；an official letter 公函,公文；an official record 正式记录53.peaceable 和 peacefulpeaceable (peace loving, mild, placid, not inclined to quarrel or fight or existing in peace)“平和的”；“温和的”；“温顺的”。peaceful“和平的，太平的”；“宁静的”；“爱好和平的”；a peaceful nights sleep ;peaceful coexistence 和平共处；peaceful uses of atomic energy 原子能的和平应用。