高考英语突破书面表达基础讲与练.docx

1、高考英语突破书面表达基础讲与练2012高考英语突破书面表达基础讲与练(一)Part A 写作基本理论1对英语句子的认识 意义：英语的句式与中文的不同。我们在学习英语的时候要注意到这一点。有的同学在学习中对此没有足够的认识，常常受中文的干扰。在写作中表现出不能写出正确的句子。I. 什么是句子？ 长的是句子，短的是词。 无论字数多少，只要有主语和谓语（动词），而且能表达完整的意义的一句话就是一个句子。I am tired.Pressing ones palm together and resting ones head on the back of ones hand while closing

2、the eyes as if sleeping means “I am tired.”（双手合拢，闭上眼，把头靠在手背上像睡觉的样子，意思是说“我累了。”） 这两个句子都具备了主语和谓语。都是完整的句子。要记住：在英语中，一个句子必须且只能有一个谓语。1. 省略主语的句子Come in, please. (You)Open the door. Sit down.Stand up.What a day! (What a terrible day it is!)2. 一个句子不能同时有两个谓语。 典型错误：1) The old man likes take a walk in the villag

3、e after supper. 2) I enjoy talk with him over a cup of coffee. 3) The boy ran to his mother cry. 4) After write the notice, he put it up on the wall. 3. 不要把从句的谓语当成句子的谓语, 或把主句的谓语当成从句的谓语。如果是一个复合句，主句和从句都应该分别有自己的主语和谓语。 典型错误：1） 1） Those who eat too much will easily ill. 2) When he walking in the park, he

4、 felt a little tired. 3）When I at school, I studied very hard. II. Practice: 判断以下是否是句子。1. Birds can fly 2. The birds in the cage which I bought yesterday 3. Wait for me at the station 4. If you know how to play with words to make people laugh 5. A way of saying “Im sorry” 6. Patting the stomach befo

5、re a meal 7. The bread my mother makes is much better than what you can buy at the store. 8. To make friends in the school which was not far from my new home9. If you want to know what it feels like to fall through the air, take off in a rocket, fly a helicopter or fight alien creatures in outer spa

6、ce III. 常见的句子结构 由于英语动词种类的不同，构成了不同的句子类型。和中文不同的是，英语的动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。表达同一个意思时，有的是及物动词，有的就是不及物动词。如：表示“听” 这个意义时，listen 是不及物动词；hear是及物动词。表示 “看” 这个意义时，look是不及物动词，see, watch和 notice就是及物动词。表示 “到达”，arrive是不及物动词，reach是及物动词。不及物动词是不能接宾语的。只能加上一个介词，才能接宾语。如：listen to, look at, arrive in等等。1. 主语 + 不及物动词e.g. He came i

7、n. The airplane from Hong Kong arrived at four p.m. On his arrival he went straight to the counter. To catch up with others, youd better work harder. How did the accident occur? In July, the ship set out for the Pacific. Australia has changed a lot in the past forty years. They lived by hunting anim

8、als, birds and fish.2. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语常见的系动词有：be, seem, appear, become, go, get, grow, turn, look, sound, feel, taste, smelle.g. She is very happy. (She very happy.) I am a student. He became nervous when thinking of stealing. It is impossible to find a shop that is open after 5 p.m. in this area. We

9、are proud of our friends. To become a top gymnast, it is important to start when very young. Its much cheaper to camp than to stay in a hotel. It is useless trying to argue with him. I got caught in the traffic. Just then, the traffic light turned red. He seemed to have misunderstood you.3. 主语 + 及物动

10、词 + 宾语e.g. We learn English at school. He wondered whether Bill had managed to escape. I didnt mean to be so rude. Most people here earn their living by farming. We will send these goods to the flooded area. You must keep your word. I took some photos of some beautiful actress. I hope that one day I

11、 shall be able to repay you. 被动：English is learnt at school. These goods will be sent to the flooded area.4. 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语有些动词需要接两个宾语。间接宾语一般由人担任，直接宾语一般由物担任。give, offer, teach, tell, read, ask, bring, pass, lend, return, write, throw, allow, send,costmake, buy, do, get, save, cook, sing, fi

12、nd等。e.g. My brother gave me a book. Who sent you the computer? My mother would read me a story before I went to bed. I wont tell you anything about it. Can you sing us an English song? Pass me the newspaper, please. 这样的句子变为被动时可根据需要，将任何一个宾语作为句子的主语。 e.g. I was given a book. A book was given to me.5. 主

13、语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补e.g. Unfortunately they find it difficult to repay this money. The growth in population made New York the largest city in the USA. Do you think it possible to finish it in one day? We are making our country more and more beautiful.【模拟试题】改错练习：1. Please speak louder so that everybody

14、 can listen you.2. Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.3. Listen! Someone knocking at the door.4. He told me dont call him before 9 oclock.5. Does your parents allow you make your own decision?6. Although it is only August, but the weather is getting worse daily.7. Because the profess

15、or had fallen ill, so he was not able to be present at the conference.8. In Japan, a person sees the “OK” gesture may think it means money.9. When I past his room, I heard him singing an English song.Part B写作必备素材 叙事类外出活动、欣赏美景(日记) We decided to go out for a picnic. I had a pleasant outing with some o

16、f my classmates today. Early in the morning, we set off for the farm for a visit. When we reached the farm, we were given a warm welcome. They showed us around the farm(We were shown around the farm) , where we saw many kinds of plants. We caught sight of a stream with green grass and beautiful flow

17、ers on both sides. We were completely amazed at the wonder and the greatness of nature.(我们完全被大自然的奇妙和伟大折服了) We jumped and shouted like innocent (天真的) children. Once on the top of the hill/The moment we got to the top of the hill, we were deeply struck/attracted by the beautiful scenery. How we enjoye

18、d the beautiful views from the top ! After being divided into groups, we set to work at once. Some of us were getting water, some (were) cutting the meat and vegetables, and others (were) sitting on the grass enjoying music. Birds were singing sweetly in the trees and butterflies were dancing gracef

19、ully in the garden/fields. When lunch time came, we sat on the grassland, eating and drinking happily. The meal was so delicious that we enjoyed it very much. We sang and danced together to the music. Three hours had passed before we knew it. The time passed quickly before we knew it. It was time fo

20、r us to go back when the sun started to go down. I spent the whole afternoon with our cousins, enjoying the fine scenery and fresh air in the country. At about four oclock in the afternoon, we said goodbye to them At four oclock in the afternoon we had to return. They came out to see us until we dis

21、appeared in the distance. On the way back, we were laughing and talking all the time. What a wonderful weekend we had! We enjoyed ourselves very much. Through these out-of class activities we can learn a lot of things that cant be learned in class. Although we were tired, we felt very happy. I think

22、 its our duty to cover our country with green.近年来高考英语书面表达中的复杂高级句1. We can pay a visit to the museum, study computer and painting and many other things.2. We can watch news programs on TV, read books or newspapers in the evening. 3. I used to attend classes at school and deal with our homework in the

23、 day time.4. I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes.5. I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street.6. The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road.7. On the

24、 other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new buildingour library.8. At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. 9. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes or stories.10. Then the head of the farm showed us around the farm. 11. The other day m

25、y brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. 12. My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind.13. Hope you dont have to wait as long as we did. 14. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.15. The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese, maths, English, physic

26、s, chemistry and computer. 16. Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition. 17. After you enter the park by the main gate, walk straight on till you come to a stream. Cross the stream and turn right. After walking for a while youll come to a hill. Walk round to the other side of t

27、he hill. Then youll see a lake. 18. I have an announcement to make.19. The students union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening, August 15, to welcome our friends from the United States.20. Remember to wrap up the small gift, sign your name and write a few words of good wishes.21. There will

28、be music, dancing, singing, games and exchange of gift.22. One day my parents went to work in the fields taking my little sister and Ah Fu along.23. She was trying to pick a flower when she fell into the river.24. They saw Ah Fu swimming towards the bank carrying my little sister.25. At eight he bec

29、ame a member of the diving team in Guangdong Province.26. He studied hard at school and trained hard for five years before he came to the national team.27. It was pretty hard on the children of the village who had to go to school in other villages which were all far away. 28. The teachers had finish

30、ed middle school education before they returned to teach here.29. The pupils are divided into five different classes, in which six subjects are taught.30. Education is free for all children in the village.31. 60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees. 32. They believe a public park s

31、hould be free of charge.33. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. 34. 40% of the students think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and workers, and to buy plants and young trees.35. They suggest fees should be charged low.Part C 09年高考写作基本功训练 （词组部分）1. 给某人让座2. 跳到地上/桌上3. 下了一整天雨4. 听到呼救声 5. 把带到安全地带 6. 向某人道歉7. 给某人提建议 8. 得到好的治疗 9. 接受某人的建议10. 加入球队/俱乐部/小组/委员会/公司 11. 向某人解释12. 治愈某人的病 13. 匆忙赶往医院/学校/邮局/派出所/火车站/汽车站/飞机场14. 提出付100元钱 15. 收100元钱 16. 付100元钱17. 打车 18. 浑身湿透了 19. 下载文件20.