1、人教版初三英语初三unit5知识详解精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号:_ 学员编号: 年 级: 课 时 数:3学员姓名: 辅导科目: 学科教师: 课 题Unit 5 It must belong to Carla授课日期及时段 教学目的1.掌握情态动词 must,might ,could and can 的用法及区别;2.掌握重点词汇及短语。教学内容Step 1.Check homework and reviewA.讲解错题,学生进行错题整理;B.复习:掌握现在及将来情况的虚拟条件句所引起的虚拟语气的用法与结构(学生总结,教师补充)if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句,即虚拟语气。 通过动词形式的
2、变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气,虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句,非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时,其虚拟语气结构为:句 型条件从句主 句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用were)would+动词原形即:(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were),一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形,过去将来时如:If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。(事实上
3、我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)Step 2.Lead-in请学生根据提供的相关信息进行合理地推论,根据一定的背景前提进行预测或续写。由此引出本课的重点句型:主语+ must + 动词原型Step 3.Teaching key pointsA. 重点词汇:attempt;pretend;dishonest;
4、extremely ;chase;final;drop;possibly1.possibly adv. 可能地;或许【巧记提示】 possible去e( adj. 可能的)+y(副词后缀) 【经典例句】 Can you possibly lend me 5 dollars ? 你有可能借给我5美元吗? 【考点聚焦】 1)掌握形容词possible 的用法。如: He is the only possible student that is usually late for school. 他是惟一有可能上学经常迟到的学生。 2)固定搭配:as soon as possible 尽可能快的。如:
5、 Please write to me as soon as possible.请尽快地给我写信。2.drop v. 掉下;放弃【巧记提示】 drop(v.掉下)drop(n.水滴) 【经典例句】 Youd better drop that foolish idea. 你最好放弃那个愚蠢的想法。 【考点聚焦】 1)留心drop 过去时dropped,现在分词dropping后面要双写p。 2)掌握词组drop sb.(sth.)off 把某人(某物)送到某处 3)掌握词组drop in on sb.偶然拜访 【活学活用】 1.下列句子当中都有一处错误,请改正 1) He droped a gl
6、ass on the floor, and it broke . 2) If you are free, please drop in at me . 答案:1) droped 变为dropped2)in 改为on 3.final adj. 最后的;最终的【巧记提示】 final(最后的)fine(好的) 【经典例句】 What do you think of the Final Dinner Picture? 你认为最后的晚餐这幅画怎么样? 【考点聚焦】 final 的副词finally。如: Lets settle the matter finally. 让我们彻底解决这件事情。4.cha
7、se v. 追逐;追赶【巧记提示】 chase (追赶)cheese(奶酪) 【经典例句】 This will chase away the blues. 这样把忧郁驱散。我的记忆卡in chase of sb.追赶某人 chase fear from the mind 驱除恐惧心理 in full chase 拼命追赶 5.extremely adv. 极其;非常【巧记提示】 extreme (去掉e)( adj.极其的)+ly(副词后缀) 【经典例句】 After the long walk he felt extremely tired. 走了很长的一段路之后,他感到非常的累。 【考点聚
8、焦】 1)extreme也可作名词的使用,其复数表示“极端不同”的性质,也可表示“困境”。 2)固定搭配:in extreme pain 非常的疼痛。6.dishonest adj. 不诚实的【巧记提示】 dis (否定前缀)+honest(n.诚实) 【经典例句】 As a man, you must be dishonest to anybody. 作为一个男人,你必须对任何人诚实。 【考点聚焦】 1)honest 前面加不定冠词时,应该加an。 2)固定搭配:honest in business 诚信经商。【活学活用】 2.用dishonest,honest和honest in busi
9、ness补全短文 He is an businessman. In his view, to be is important.He doesnt want to do business with people.答案:honest, honest in business, dishonest 7.pretend v. 假装;倘若【巧记提示】 pretend (假装)prevent(阻止) 【经典例句】 When my mother came back, I pretended to be doing my homework. 当我妈妈回来时,我假装在做作业。我的记忆卡pretend not to
10、 do 装着没有做某事 pretend sickness装病 pretend that.假装 8.attempt v. 试图;企图【巧记提示】 at(在)+tempt(诱惑) 【经典例句】 Dont attempt the impossible. 不要尝试那些不可能的事情。 【考点聚焦】 1)固定搭配:attempt to do 尝试做某事。 2)attempt 还可以作名词。固定搭配:make attempts to do, make attempts at doing 尝试着做 某事。Bkey phases1.belong to 属于 【经典例句】 Which club do you be
11、long to? 你属于哪个俱乐部? 【考点聚焦】 1)belong to 后面加here,there时,to省略。 2)belong to还可以作为“应该”的意思。【考例】Look! The red bike must belong to your _.A. fathers B. him C. father D. sisters【答案与解析】答案是C。本句子是考查动词短语belong to的用法。belong to的意思是“属于”,belong to的后面用名词或者代词作宾语,不能用名词所有格或者物主代词作宾语。所以选择C。2.because of 因为 【经典例句】 Because of
12、the bad traffic, I am late. 因为这个糟糕的交通,我迟到了。 【考点聚焦】 请掌握because 与because of 的区别。because 后加句子,because of 后面加名词、名词短语或代词。 【活学活用】 3.选择正确答案填空 1) I was afraid it grew darker and darker. A. because B. because ofC. and D. so 2) He failed the exam his carelessness. A. because B. because ofC. and D. so答案:1)A2)B
13、3.be careful of 小心 【经典例句】 Be careful of the dogs that do not bark.小心那些不叫的狗。 【考点聚焦】 1)掌握词组be careful (not) to do 小心(不要)做某事。如: Be careful not to knock over the bucket.小心不要把桶撞翻。 2)掌握副词carefully的使用。如: How carefully he is doing the job.他是多么认真地在做这项工作啊。 3) Look out! 也可以表示“小心”。例如在电影Titanic上有一句对白: Look out!
14、Iceberg! Iceberg! There is an iceberg ahead. 小心!冰山!冰山!前面有冰山。【考例】You must be careful of _ with him.A. talking B. talk C. to talk D. talks【答案与解析】答案是A。在动词短语be careful of的后面用动名词形式作宾语,表示“做某事要小心”的意思。 4.anything strange 奇怪的事情 【经典例句】 There isnt anything strange today.今天没有什么奇怪的东西。 【考点聚焦】 形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词要放在这些代
15、词的后面。 What else do you need? 你还需要什么? Nothing else.什么都不需要了。 Who else has this book? 还有谁有这本书? 【活学活用】 4.选择填空 There is in todays newspaper. It is boring. A. nothing new B. new nothing C. something new D. new something答案:A【考例】Is there _ in todays newspaper?A. anything strange B. strange anythingC. someth
16、ing strangeD. strange something【答案与解析】答案是A。在一般疑问句中用不定代词anything,一般不用something,修饰不定代词的形容词要放在不定代词的后面。5.use up耗尽 【经典例句】 Dont let yesterday use up too much of today. 不要让昨天耗尽今天的时间。(今日事今日毕)我的记忆卡掌握动词后加up 的词组 eat up 吃光 clean up 打扫干净 end up 结束 C. 重点语法1.情态动词的用法情态动词可以表示说话人的语气,本单元主要学习情态动词和be连用表示猜测的用法,情态动词must/c
17、an/may/could/might都可以表示“推测”的意思。情态动词表示推测的用法:1.在肯定句中。在肯定句中使用情态动词must, can, could, may/might,它们表示肯定的程度逐渐减。must表示十分肯定的推测,是把握性很大的推测,它的意思是“一定、准是”。例如:I have had nothing to eat for nearly 48 hours.You must be hungry.我已经48小时没有吃东西了。那你一定是很饿。may表示对现在把握不大的推测,它的意思是“也许、可能”。例如:The tall man may be your father, but I
18、 am not sure.那个高个子的男人可能是你的爸爸,我也不太确定。could/ might也表示推测,经常用在一般过去时中,有时候可以用could/might 代替can/may表示说话人的语气更加缓和和委婉。例如:We saw something strange in the sky last night. It could/might be a UFO.我们昨天看见天空中有奇怪的东西,它可能是不明飞行物。can用在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性。例如:Smoking can cause cancer.吸烟可能引起癌症。2.在否定句中。在否定句中使用cant/couldnt和may not
19、/might not表示否定的推测。cant/couldnt的语气最强,是最有把握的否定,它的意思是“不可能”。例如:The red bike cant be your mothers. She doesnt like that color.那辆红色的自行车不可能是你妈妈的,她不喜欢那种颜色。may not/might not表示说话人的语气不很肯定,表示不太有把握的否定推测。意思是“可能不、也许不”。例如:Your mother may not be there today. 你妈妈今天可能不在那里。3.在疑问句中。在疑问句中一般只用“can和could”表示推测。例如:Who is kno
20、cking at the door? Can it be your mother? 谁在敲门?会不会是你妈妈?4.表示推测时候,它的反意疑问句的用法:对现在的事实或者情况表示推测,反意疑问句的动词用一般现在时。例如:They must be studying in the room , arent they?他们一定是在房间里学习,是吗?如果must的后面不是be而是其他的动词,它的反意疑问句用mustnt主语。例如:Your father must repair his car, mustnt he?如果对过去发生的事情进行推测,如果有表示过去的时间状语,反意疑问句的动词用过去式;如果没有表
21、示过去的时间状语,反意疑问句的动词用完成式。例如:You must have been to the Great Wall, havent you?你一定去过长城,是吗?It must have rained last night, didnt it? 昨天晚上一定下雨了,对吗?巧学法园地情态动词用法歌诀 情态动词两要点, 动词原形跟后面, 说话语气较委婉。 can表“能力”,may“许可”, must“责任”或“义务”, 否定回答neednt换。 “需要”need,dare“敢”, should“应该”would“愿”, have to“被迫”表客观。练一练1. Look! Your mot
22、her is on the side of the street. Go and say hi to her. It _ be her. She has gone to London.A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. wont【答案与解析】答案是。从本句子的意思判断是用cant表示否定的推测。学生很容易错误选择。选择的错误在于认为must表示语气最强的、把握性最大的推测,它的否定形式也是把握性最大的推测。在否定句中用cant和couldnt表示把握最大的推测。2.Look! The man at the school gate _ be our headmast
23、er He is always standing there. No, it _ be him. He is holding a meeting in the office now.A. must; cant B. must; mustnt C. can; cant D. can; mustnt【答案与解析】答案是A。本句子是考查在肯定句和在否定句中表示把握性最大的推测的情态动词用法。学生很容易错误选择。选择的错误在于认为must表示语气最强的、把握性最大的推测,它的否定形式也是把握性最大的推测。在否定句中用cant和couldnt表示把握最大的推测。3.I like the party so
24、 much, but I _ go home. Its too late.What a pity!A. mustnt B. have to C. may D. cant【答案与解析】 答案是。从本句子的意思可以判断是用have to 表示“必须、不得不”。学生很容易错误选择和。选择的错误在于理解是否定的推测。本句子是考查must和have to 的用法。4. Lilys friend has lost her red cell phone. This one _ hers.A. isB. must beC. should beD. maybe【答案与解析】答案是。本句子是考查用must be在
25、肯定句中表示把握性最大的推测。学生很容易错误选择和。选择的错误忘记用表示推测的情态动词,而是直接用了is表示百分之百的肯定。选择的错误在于没有区分maybe和may be。maybe是副词,它的意思是可能,但它在句子中不能作谓语。Step 4.Practise. 仔细阅读对话,选择方框内的句子填空格,使对话意思连贯正确。A: It seems that you are always very busy. B: Do you like traveling?C: What do you want to be in the future? D: Its very kind of you.E: Its
26、 hard to say.F: But how about your English?G: Why not be a teacher? H: Do you want to be a businessman? Li Peng (L) and Yang Bin (Y) are talking about what they are going to do in the future.L: What are you going to do after leaving school?Y: Im thinking about becoming a pilot(飞行员). That way I would
27、 be able to travel.L:_1_Y: Of course I do. I like to visit different places, make different friends and learn different things.L: That sounds good. You seem to be very healthy._2_.Y: Its just so-so. I find it difficult to learn it well.L: What can you do if you are not good at English?Y:_3_Ill try t
28、o learn it better._4_L: Maybe Ill be a businessman. Id like to go into business and make some money.Y:_5_ L: But I think being busy is better than doing nothing.Y: Yes. I agree with you. 选择填空1.-Open the door! Someone is knocking at it.-It _ Mr. Zhang. He said he would come to see me.A. might be B. m
29、aybe C. must be D. may be (2007四川眉山)2.-It nearly took me an hour to get to school on foot.-Have a rest. You _ be tired.A. can B. must C. need D. should (2007年湖北襄樊)3.Must I hand in my composition today?NO, you _ . You can give it to me tomorrow.A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. wont(2007年浙江金华)4.What is mum cooking in the kitchen?Fish, I guess, How nice it _ !A. smells B. tastes C. sounds D. looks (2007年福建莆田)5.Where is Xiao Ling?She _ in her bedroom, but I am not sure.A. must be B. cant be C. maybe
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