SCI论文摘要中常用的表达方法.docx

1、SCI论文摘要中常用的表达方法SCI论文摘要中常用的表达方法要写好摘要，需要建立一个适合自己需要的句型库（选择的词汇来源于SCI高被引用论文）引言部分（1）回顾研究背景，常用词汇有review, summarize, present, outline, describe等（2）说明写作目的，常用词汇有purpose, attempt, aim等，另外还可以用动词不定式充当目的壮语老表达（3）介绍论文的重点内容或研究范围，常用词汇有study, present, include, focus, emphasize, emphasis, attention等方法部分（1）介绍研究或试验过程，常用词

2、汇有test study, investigate, examine,experiment, discuss, consider, analyze, analysis等（2）说明研究或试验方法，常用词汇有measure, estimate, calculate等（3）介绍应用、用途，常用词汇有use, apply, application等结果部分（1）展示研究结果，常用词汇有show, result, present等（2）介绍结论，常用词汇有summary, introduce,conclude等讨论部分（1）陈述论文的论点和作者的观点，常用词汇有suggest, repot, prese

3、nt, expect, describe等（2）说明论证，常用词汇有support, provide, indicate, identify, find, demonstrate, confirm, clarify等（3）推荐和建议，常用词汇有suggest, suggestion, recommend, recommendation, propose, necessity, necessary, expect等。摘要引言部分案例 词汇review Author(s): ROBINSON, TE; BERRIDGE, KC Title: THE NEURAL BASIS OF DRUG CRA

4、VING - AN INCENTIVE-SENSITIZATION THEORY OF ADDICTION Source: BRAIN RESEARCH REVIEWS, 18 (3): 247-291 SEP-DEC 1993 脑研究评论荷兰 SCI被引用1774We review evidence for this view of addiction and discuss its implications for understanding the psychology and neurobiology of addiction.回顾研究背景SCI高被引摘要引言部分案例 词汇summar

5、izeAuthor(s): Barnett, RM; Carone, CD; 被引用1571Title: Particles and field .1. Review of particle physicsSource: PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 54 (1): 1-+ Part 1 JUL 1 1996:物理学评论，D辑美国 引言部分 回顾研究背景常用词汇summarize Abstract:This biennial review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, pl

6、us 1900 new measurements from 700 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties a

7、nd search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sectio

8、ns of this full Review. SCI摘要引言部分案例 attentionSCI摘要方法部分案例considerSCI高被引摘要引言部分案例 词汇outline Author(s): TIERNEY, L SCI引用728次 Title: MARKOV-CHAINS FOR EXPLORING POSTERIOR DISTRIBUTIONS 引言部分 回顾研究背景，常用词汇outline Source: ANNALS OF STATISTICS, 22 (4): 1701-1728 DEC 1994 统计学纪事美国 Abstract:Several Markov chain m

9、ethods are available for sampling from a posterior distribution. Two important examples are the Gibbs sampler and the Metropolis algorithm. In addition, several strategies are available for constructing hybrid algorithms. This paper outlines some of the basic methods and strategies and discusses som

10、e related theoretical and practical issues. On the theoretical side, results from the theory of general state space Markov chains can be used to obtain convergence rates, laws of large numbers and central limit theorems for estimates obtained from Markov chain methods. These theoretical results can

11、be used to guide the construction of more efficient algorithms. For the practical use of Markov chain methods, standard simulation methodology provides several Variance reduction techniques and also gives guidance on the choice of sample size and allocation. SCI高被引摘要引言部分案例 回顾研究背景presentAuthor(s): LY

12、NCH, M; MILLIGAN, BG SC I被引用661Title: ANALYSIS OF POPULATION GENETIC-STRUCTURE WITH RAPD MARKERSSource: MOLECULAR ECOLOGY, 3 (2): 91-99 APR 1994分子生态学英国Abstract:Recent advances in the application of the polymerase chain reaction make it possible to score individuals at a large number of loci. The RAP

13、D (random amplified polymorphic DNA) method is one such technique that has attracted widespread interest. The analysis of population structure with RAPD data is hampered by the lack of complete genotypic information resulting from dominance, since this enhances the sampling variance associated with

14、single loci as well as induces bias in parameter estimation. We present estimators for several population-genetic parameters (gene and genotype frequencies, within- and between-population heterozygosities, degree of inbreeding and population subdivision, and degree of individual relatedness) along w

15、ith expressions for their sampling variances. Although completely unbiased estimators do not appear to be possible with RAPDs, several steps are suggested that will insure that the bias in parameter estimates is negligible. To achieve the same degree of statistical power, on the order of 2 to 10 tim

16、es more individuals need to be sampled per locus when dominant markers are relied upon, as compared to codominant (RFLP, isozyme) markers. Moreover, to avoid bias in parameter estimation, the marker alleles for most of these loci should be in relatively low frequency. Due to the need for pruning loc

17、i with low-frequency null alleles, more loci also need to be sampled with RAPDs than with more conventional markers, and sole problems of bias cannot be completely eliminated.SCI高被引摘要引言部分案例 词汇describe Author(s): CLONINGER, CR; SVRAKIC, DM; PRZYBECK, TR Title: A PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL MODEL OF TEMPERAMENT

18、AND CHARACTER Source: ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY, 50 (12): 975-990 DEC 1993普通精神病学纪要美国 引言部分 回顾研究背景，常用词汇describe 被引用926 Abstract:In this study, we describe a psychobiological model of the structure and development of personality that accounts for dimensions of both temperament and character. Previ

19、ous research has confirmed four dimensions of temperament: novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence, which are independently heritable, manifest early in life, and involve preconceptual biases in perceptual memory and habit formation. For the first time, we describe three

20、dimensions of character that mature in adulthood and influence personal and social effectiveness by insight learning about self-concepts. Self-concepts vary according to the extent to which a person identifies the self as (1) an autonomous individual, (2) an integral part of humanity, and (3) an int

21、egral part of the universe as a whole. Each aspect of self-concept corresponds to one of three character dimensions called self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence, respectively. We also describe the conceptual background and development of a self-report measure of these dimensions

22、, the Temperament and Character Inventory. Data on 300 individuals from the general population support the reliability and structure of these seven personality dimensions. We discuss the implications for studies of information processing, inheritance, development, diagnosis, and treatment. 摘要引言部分案例

23、（2）说明写作目的，常用词汇有purpose, attempt, aimSCI高被引摘要引言部分案例 attempt说明写作目的 Author(s): Donoho, DL; Johnstone, IM Title: Adapting to unknown smoothness via wavelet shrinkage Source: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, 90 (432): 1200-1224 DEC 1995 美国统计学会志 被引用429次 Abstract:We attempt to recover a fun

24、ction of unknown smoothness from noisy sampled data. We introduce a procedure, SureShrink, that suppresses noise by thresholding the empirical wavelet coefficients. The thresholding is adaptive: A threshold level is assigned to each dyadic resolution level by the principle of minimizing the Stein un

25、biased estimate of risk (Sure) for threshold estimates. The computational effort of the overall procedure is order N.log(N) as a function of the sample size N. SureShrink is smoothness adaptive: If the unknown function contains jumps, then the reconstruction (essentially) does also; if the unknown f

26、unction has a smooth piece, then the reconstruction is (essentially) as smooth as the mother wavelet will allow. The procedure is in a sense optimally smoothness adaptive: It is near minimax simultaneously over a whole interval of the Besov scale; the size of this interval depends on the choice of m

27、other wavelet. We know from a previous paper by the authors that traditional smoothing methods-kernels, splines, and orthogonal series estimates-even with optimal choices of the smoothing parameter, would be unable to perform in a near-minimax way over many spaces in the Besov scale. Examples of Sur

28、eShrink are given. The advantages of the method are particularly evident when the underlying function has jump discontinuities on a smooth backgroundSCI高被引摘要引言部分案例 To investigate说明写作目的 Author(s): OLTVAI, ZN; MILLIMAN, CL; KORSMEYER, SJ Title: BCL-2 HETERODIMERIZES IN-VIVO WITH A CONSERVED HOMOLOG, B

29、AX, THAT ACCELERATES PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH Source: CELL, 74 (4): 609-619 AUG 27 1993 被引用3233 Abstract:Bcl-2 protein is able to repress a number of apoptotic death programs. To investigate the mechanism of Bcl-2s effect, we examined whether Bcl-2 interacted with other proteins. We identified an assoc

30、iated 21 kd protein partner, Bax, that has extensive amino acid homology with Bcl-2, focused within highly conserved domains I and II. Bax is encoded by six exons and demonstrates a complex pattern of alternative RNA splicing that predicts a 21 kd membrane (alpha) and two forms of cytosolic protein

31、(beta and gamma). Bax homodimerizes and forms heterodimers with Bcl-2 in vivo. Overexpressed Bax accelerates apoptotic death induced by cytokine deprivation in an IL-3-dependent cell line. Overexpressed Bax also counters the death repressor activity of Bcl-2. These data suggest a model in which the

32、ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax determines survival or death following an apoptotic stimulus. SCI高被引摘要引言部分案例 purposes说明写作目的 Author(s): ROGERS, FJ; IGLESIAS, CA Title: RADIATIVE ATOMIC ROSSELAND MEAN OPACITY TABLES Source: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 79 (2): 507-568 APR 1992 天体物理学杂志增刊美国 SCI被引用512 Abstract:For more than two decades the astrophysics community has depended on opacity tables produced at Los Alamos. In the present work we offer new radiative Rosseland mean opacity tables calculated with the OPA